吉林大学学报(工学版) ›› 2025, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (8): 2530-2538.doi: 10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20231449

• 材料科学与工程 • 上一篇    

SA516Gr.70钢搅拌摩擦焊接头的热循环及组织性能

宫文彪1,2(),苗梓琪1,2,崔恒3,王秀英4,刘威1,2()   

  1. 1.长春工业大学 先进结构材料教育部重点实验室，长春 130012
    2.长春工业大学 材料科学与工程学院，长春 130012
    3.长春轨道客车股份有限公司，长春 130062
    4.广东茂名重力石化机械有限公司，广东 茂名 525024
  • 收稿日期:2023-12-10 出版日期:2025-08-01 发布日期:2025-11-14
  • 通讯作者: 刘威 E-mail:1060952646@qq.com;liuwei920107@sina.com
  • 作者简介:宫文彪（1966-），男，教授，博士.研究方向：材料先进连接技术，表面热喷涂改性.E-mail：1060952646@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    吉林省科技发展计划项目(2022001031GX)

Evolution of thermal cycle， microstructures and mechanical properties of SA516Gr.70 steel prepared by friction stir welding

Wen-biao GONG1,2(),Zi-qi MIAO1,2,Heng CUI3,Xiu-ying WANG4,Wei LIU1,2()   

  1. 1.Key Laboratory of Advanced Structural Materials，Ministry of Education，Changchun University of Technology，Changchun 130012，China
    2.School of Materials Science and Engineering，Changchun University of Technology，Changchun 130012，China
    3.Changchun Railway Vehicles Co. ，Ltd. ，Changchun 130062，China
    4.The Challenge Petrochemical Machinery Corporation of Maoming （CPM），Maoming 525024，China
  • Received:2023-12-10 Online:2025-08-01 Published:2025-11-14
  • Contact: Wei LIU E-mail:1060952646@qq.com;liuwei920107@sina.com

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摘要：

SA516Gr.70钢因具有优良的强韧性，被广泛应用于压力容器制造，但传统的弧焊易导致焊缝产生裂纹、氢脆等缺陷。本文采用钨铼合金搅拌工具对4 mm厚SA516Gr.70低碳钢进行搅拌摩擦焊接，研究了热循环对焊接接头组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明：在旋转速度800 r/min、焊接速度90 mm/min的工艺参数下，可获得无缺陷的焊接接头。前进侧热循环峰值温度最大值为1 018 ℃，后退侧为998 ℃。焊核区组织为细小的马氏体和贝氏体混合相，平均晶粒尺寸为5.4 μm，与母材相比细化效果显著。焊接接头显微硬度与距焊缝中心距离呈负相关，焊核区显微硬度达到449.7 HV。拉伸试验断裂均在热影响区，焊缝不同区域呈现出不同的断口形貌。

关键词: SA516Gr.70钢, 搅拌摩擦焊, 焊接热循环, 微观组织, 力学性能

Abstract:

SA516Gr.70 steel has excellent strength and toughness and is widely used in the manufacture of pressure vessels， but the traditional arc welding is prone to lead to defects， such as crack and hydrogen embrittlement in the weld. In this paper， a W-25Re（%） alloy stirring tool was used to carry out friction stir welding of 4 mm thick SA516Gr.70 steel plate， and the thermal cycle curve during welding was measured by using a type K thermocouple to study the effect of thermal cycle on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the welded joint. The results show that defect-free welded joints can be obtained at a rotation rate of 800 rpm and a traverse speed of 90 mm/min. The maximum value of the peak temperature of the thermal cycle appeared in the advancing side （AS） reaching 1 018 ℃ and in the retreating side reaching 998 ℃. The microstructure of the weld nugget zone （WNZ） produces fine martensite and bainite， with an average grain size of 5.4 μm， which is a significant effect of grain refinement in the WNZ compared with the base metal. The microhardness of welded joints is negatively correlated with the distance from the center of the weld， and the microhardness of the WNZ reached 449.7 HV. Tensile test fractures are all in heat affected zone （HAZ）， and different areas of the joint show different fracture morphologies.

Key words: SA516Gr.70steel, friction stir welding, thermal cycle, microstructures, mechanical properties

中图分类号: 

  • TG456.9

表1

SA516Gr.70钢化学成分（质量分数） (%)"

CMnSiCrCuNiMoNbTi
0.1741.1260.2310.1570.0120.010.060.010.011

图1

试验示意图"

图2

FSW接头各测温点的热循环曲线"

图3

FSW接头前进侧和后退侧各测温点冷却速率"

图4

焊缝表面形貌"

图5

SA516Gr.70低碳钢FSW接头横截面形貌"

图6

SA516Gr.70低碳钢FSW接头EBSD取向成像图"

表2

FSW接头各区域平均晶粒尺寸 (μm)"

BMSZAS-TMAZRS-TMAZAS-HAZ1RS-HAZ1
9.85.47.86.911.510.9

图7

SA516Gr.70低碳钢FSW接头各区域晶界取向占比"

图8

接头横截面硬度云图和硬度分布曲线"

图9

SA516Gr.70低碳钢FSW接头拉伸试样断裂 位置及BM与试样应力应变曲线"

图10

SA516Gr.70低碳钢FSW接头拉伸 试样各区域断口形貌"

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