Table 1

Macro parameters for helical gears"

Table 2

Parameters for hypoid gear blanks"

Fig.1

Simulation model of gear-shaft system in drive axle assembly"

Fig.2

Power flow diagram of the simulation model"

Fig.3

Condensation node unit for bearing mounting points"

Fig.4

Dynamic model of the middle axle assembly"

Fig.5

User interface of KIMoS"

Fig.6

Simulation result of loaded transmission error for hypoid gear"

Fig.7

Loaded transmission error test system for hypoid gear"

Fig.8

Spectrum of hypoid gear LTE for 100 N·m load condition"

Fig.9

Time-domain curve of hypoid gear LTE for 100 N·m load condition"

Fig.10

Comparison of test and simulation of the first-order components of hypoid gear LTE"

Table 3

Verification of hypoid gear LTE simulation accuracy"

Fig.11

Taper roller bearings studied in this paper"

Table 4

Table of levels for each factor"

Fig.12

Normalized effects on vibration responseat axle housing"

Fig.13

Plot of main effect of bearing clearance onvibration response"

Fig.14

Fatigue life of bearings in their original state"

Fig.15

Normalized effects on fatigue life of ball bearing"

Fig.16

Plot of main effect of bearing clearance on fatigue life of ball bearing"

Fig.17

Interaction of clearance of bearings 2 and 3"

Table 5

Results of optimization of AFSA"

Table 6

Validation of result of AFSA"

Fig.18

10th-order vibration section on main drivehousing before and after optimization"

Fig.19

Fatigue life of bearings before and after optimization"