螺旋挤压式精量排肥器的仿真优化及试验

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20211332

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to meet the demand of precise and quantitative fertilization in modern agriculture， this paper obtains the reason why the screw fertilizer ejector can not realize uniform fertilizer discharge through theoretical analysis. a new type of fertilizer discharge device based on the principle of screw extrusion conveying with full filling of fertilizer is designed， and the parameters affecting the uniformity of fertilizer discharge were obtained through theoretical analysis. The installation inclination and length of fertilizer outlet were taken as the test factors， and the variation coefficient of fertilizer uniformity and the average speed of fertilizer particles were taken as the test indexes. The quadratic general rotation combination test with two factors and five levels is designed， the results showed that the length of fertilizer outlet and the installation angle of fertilizer outlet had a very significant effect on the variation coefficient of fertilizer uniformity （P<0.01） and （0.01<P<0.05）， respectively. The installation angle of fertilizer outlet and the length of fertilizer outlet had a very significant effect on the average velocity of fertilizer particles （P<0.01）， when the installation inclination of the fertilizer outlet is 40° and the length of the fertilizer outlet is 105 mm. The variation coefficient of fertilizer uniformity ≤10% and the average speed of fertilizer particles ≥15.5 mm/s can be obtained. The relative errors of bench test and simulation test are 2.75% and 1.75% respectively， the verification results are consistent with the simulation results. Under different rotating speeds， the uniformity variation coefficient of extrusion screw fertilizer discharge is 32.91% lower than that of single screw fertilizer discharge， and the amount of fertilizer discharged in a single cycle at different rotating speeds is 6.70% lower， the optimized fertilizer ejector has good fertilizer uniformity and small fertilizer loss. This study can provide reference for the optimal design of fertilizer distribution apparatus with screw.

Key words: agricultural machinery, spiral extrusion type, precision fertilizer ejector, parameter optimization, EDEM simulation

CLC Number:

S147.2

Guo-qiang DUN,Wen-hui LIU,Xing-peng WU,Ning MAO,Wen-yi JI,Hong-yan MA. Simulation optimization and experiment of screw extrusion precision fertilizer ejector[J].Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2023, 53(10): 3026-3037.

Figures/Tables 19

Fig.1

Fig.2

Fig.3

Fig.4

Fig.5

Fig.6

Table 1

Fig.7

Fig.8

Table 2

Table 3

Table 4

Variance analysis of coefficient of variation of fertilizer uniformity"

评价指标	方差来源	平方和	自由度	均方	F值	P值
排肥均匀性变异系数	模型	200.78	5	40.16	53.63	<0.000 1
	x₁	7.29	1	7.29	9.74	0.016 8
	x₂	11.66	1	11.66	15.57	0.005 6
	x₁x₂	23.86	1	23.86	31.87	0.000 8
	x $12$	27.81	1	27.81	37.14	0.000 5
	x $22$	143.98	1	143.98	192.29	<0.000 1
	残差	5.24	7	0.75
	失拟项	4.28	3	1.43	5.95	0.058 8
	纯误差	0.96	4	0.24
	总变异	206.02	12

Table 4

Table 5

Analysis of variance of average velocity of fertilizer particles"

评价指标	方差来源	平方和	自由度	均方	F值	P值
肥料颗粒平均速度	模型	2.53	5	0.51	23.85	0.000 3
	x₁	1.49	1	1.49	70.40	<0.000 1
	x₂	0.27	1	0.27	12.53	0.009 5
	x₁x₂	0.17	1	0.17	8.12	0.024 7
	x $12$	0.60	1	0.60	28.09	0.001 1
	x $22$	0.023	1	0.023	1.09	0.331 3
	残差	0.15	7	0.021
	失拟项	0.12	3	0.041	6.07	0.057 0
	纯误差	0.027	4	0.006 68
	总变异	2.68	12

Table 5

Fig.9

Fig.10

Fig.11

Fig.12

Fig.13

Table 6

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项目	属性	数值
肥料颗粒	泊松比	0.25
	剪切模量/Pa	1.0×10⁷
	密度/（kg·m^-3）	1 861
	最大压力/N	18.56
排肥轮、壳体	泊松比	0.394
	剪切模量/Pa	3.18×10⁸
	密度/（kg·m^-3）	1 240
颗粒-颗粒	恢复系数	0.11
	静摩擦因数	0.3
	滚动摩擦因数	0.1
颗粒-排肥轮、壳体	恢复系数	0.41
	静摩擦因数	0.32
	滚动摩擦因数	0.18

水平	排肥口安装倾角β/（°）	排肥口长度l_pipe/mm
1.414	50	120
+1	47.80	117.07
0	42.5	110
-1	37.2	102.93
-1.414	35	100

序号	试验因素		试验结果
序号	排肥口安装倾角x₁/（°）	排肥口长度x₂/mm	排肥均匀性变异系数y₁/%	肥料颗粒平均速度y₂/（mm·s^-1）
1	37.197	102.93	12.03	15.81
2	47.803	102.93	14.15	15.48
3	37.197	117.07	19.70	15.80
4	47.803	117.07	12.05	14.64
5	35.000	110.00	11.55	16.57
6	50.000	110.00	10.06	15.18
7	42.500	100.00	14.46	15.62
8	42.500	120.00	17.35	15.19
9	42.500	110.00	7.88	15.24
10	42.500	110.00	7.34	15.11
11	42.500	110.00	7.85	15.16
12	42.500	110.00	6.83	15.12
13	42.500	110.00	6.95	15.30

转速/（r·min^-1）	排肥器类型	试验方式	指标
转速/（r·min^-1）	排肥器类型	试验方式	排肥均匀性变异系数/%	单圈排肥量/g	破碎肥料数/个
30	螺旋挤压式精量排肥器	仿真试验	9.08	38.00	0
	螺旋挤压式精量排肥器	台架试验	9.36	37.35	1
	单螺旋排肥器	台架试验	44.36	40.67	0
60	螺旋挤压式精量排肥器	仿真试验	9.12	37.75	0
	螺旋挤压式精量排肥器	台架试验	8.86	37.12	0
	单螺旋排肥器	台架试验	42.65	39.99	0
90	螺旋挤压式精量排肥器	仿真试验	8.65	37.24	0
	螺旋挤压式精量排肥器	台架试验	8.85	36.51	1
	单螺旋排肥器	台架试验	38.79	39.29	0

Simulation optimization and experiment of screw extrusion precision fertilizer ejector

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