To isolate and culture the stem  cells from human glioblastoma  SC 326 and SC 189 cells and to investigate the biological characteristics such as  self-renewal,proliferation,and differentiation.Methods The human glioblastoma SC 326 and SC 189 cells were cultured in serum-free media,the capability of forming neurospheres was detected.Clone forming rate assay was performed to assess the capacity of self-renewal and clonogenic potential of the cells.Immunofluorescence staining method was used to study the expressions of surface markers of stem cells and the multi-differentiation function of neurospheres.Results The cells isolated from SC 326 and SC 189 cultured in serum-free media for 24 h had strong characteristics of self-renewal,proliferation,and neurosphere reformation.The  proliferation rates of SC 326 were (2.10±4.33)%,(4.03±4.14)%, and (6.91±5.12)%; and those of SC 189 were (12.79±2.32)%,(15.78±3.25)%, and (37.91±4.58)% in the first three generations; the rates of neurospheres formation of GSC 326 and GSC 189 single cells were 5.56% and 8.33%,and the rates of sub-spheres formation were 9.89% and 14.58%; the maximum clone formation rates of   GSC 326 P3 and P7 neurospheres were (12.67±2.86)% and (20.44±1.73)%,and those of  GSC 189 P3 and P7 were (32.00±1.00)% and (42.67±5.03)%.Immunofluorescence staining showed that the  neuron stem cells marker CD133 and nestin   positively  expressed;and  the glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP) and neuron-specific class β-tubulin Ⅲ(β-Tubulin Ⅲ) weekly expressed.After  treated with differentiated media,the expressions of differentiation markers β-Tubulin Ⅲ and GFAP were  positive.Conclusion A few cells existed in glioblastoma SC 326 and SC 189 cell lines in the primary and early stage have the capacities of self-renewal,proliferation and multi-differentiation and the cells present definite features of stem cells.
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 To observe the changes of  the formation of specific　antibodies,lymphocyte transformation and peritoneal macrophage phagocytotic function in mice after treated with La(NO3)3,and to explore  the effect of  La(NO₃)₃) on immune function in mice.Methods 60 Kunming mice were randomly divided into  control group,La(NO₃))₃) 0.1,0.2,2.0,10.0 and 20.0 mg·kg^－1 groups,there were 10 mice in each group,and the mice in various groups  were given  intraperitoneal injection of saline,La(NO3)3 0.1,0.2,2.0,10.0,and 20.0 mg·kg^－1 once a day.Direct agglutination,3H-TdR incorporation radiation self-developing technique and phagocytic chicken erythrocytes were used to detect the   anti-A-antibody titer,marked lymphocyte transformation ratio and ratio of  chicken erythrocytes  phagocytized by peritoneal macrophages after treated with La(NO3)3.Results Compared with control group,the anti-A antibody titer,the marked lymphocyte transformation ratio and the ratio  of chicken erythrocytes phagocytized by peritoneal macrophages of mice in  La(NO₃)₃ 0.1，0.2 and 2.0 groups were increased significantly(P<0.01);compared with control, La(NO3)3 0.1，0.2 and 2.0 groups,those indexes mentioned above in  La(NO₃)₃  10.0 and 20.0 mg·kg^-1groups were decreased significantly(P<0.01).Conclusion  Small doses of La(NO3)3 can promote the formation of specific antibodies,lymphocyte transformation and phagocytic function of peritoneal macrophages  and  large doses of La(NO3)3 have  significantly inhibitory effects in mice.

To observe the effects of Mongolian Remedy RuXian- I(M-Ⅰ) on anti- oxygenic ability and the expressions of estrogen receptor(ER) and progesterone receptor(PR)  in breast tissues of rats with hyperplasia of mammary glands,and to provide experimental basis for application of M-Ⅰ.Methods 8 rats randomly chosen from forty-eight virgin female Wistar rats were regarded as normal control group.The others were injected intramuscularly with estradiol benzoate (0.5 mg·kg^-1) once a  day for 25 d and progesterone(4 mg·kg^-1) once a  day for 5 d.The rats in normal control group were injected with normal saline.Then the disease model  was sucesfully copied and the model rats were randomly divided into model control group,positive control group,M-Ⅰ low dosage group,M-Ⅰ middle dosage group,and  M-Ⅰ high dosage group.The rats in different groups were respectively treated with normal saline,tamoxifen,M-Ⅰ 0.5,1.0 and 3.0 g·kg^-1for 30 d.Then the changes of nipple heights,the pathological changes in breast tissues,the levels of SOD,MDA,GSH-Px in serum and breast tissues and the expressions of ER,PR were measured. Results Compared with normal control group,the nipple height and the levels of serum MDA,and the expressions of  ER and PR in model control group were obviously increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01);the serum levels of SOD,GSH-Px were obviously decreased（P<0.01).Compared with model control group,the   nipple heights were lower(P<0.05 or P<0.01),and the  histopathological changes were reduced in  M-Ⅰ different dosages groups;the structure of breast tissue in M-Ⅰ high dosage group was close to that in normal control group;the serum levels of MDA and the expressions of ER and PR in breast tissue in M-Ⅰ high dosage group were obviously decreased(P<0.05 or P<0.01),but the levels of SOD,GSH-Px in serum and breast tissues were obviously increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Conclusion  M-Ⅰ can treat the rats with hyperplasia of mammary glands well,and its mechanism may be related to inhancing  the antioxidant ability and  inhibiting the  expression  levels of ER and PR in  breast tissues.

To construct the  recombinant lentivirus vector of CD8α⁺ antigen gene  and to discuss its protein expression in dendritic cells(DCs),and to clarify  the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM).Methods The specific primer was designed and the full-length gene of CD8α⁺ antigen gene amplified from NOD mice CD8α⁺T lymphocytes were detected by RT-PCR.After plasmid transformation,clone selection,identification and DNA sequencing,the CD8α+ antigen gene were cloned into pCDF1-MCS2-EF1-COPGFP plasmid.The expression of CD8α⁺ antigen gene was analyzed by Western blotting method.The plasmid containing target gene was transfected into HEK293 cells with Nanofectin liposomes transfection reagent for restructuring virus carrier packing.After the DCs were transfected by  the recombinant lentivirus carrier,the expression of  CD8α⁺ protein was  detected by Western blotting method.Results The  recombinant plasmid vector of CD8α+ antigen gene of NOD mice was constructed successfully.After the HEK293 cells were transfected,the stock solution of recombinant  virus  was gotten.After the amplification of recombinant virus,the DCs were infected and the green fluorescent protein (GFP) was  found in DCs under fluorescence microscope by immunofluorescence assay.Conclusion The recombinant virus carrier of CD8α⁺ antigen gene of  NOD mice  is constructed successfully and  the  related proteins can express in it.
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To study the expression levels of the Toll like receptor(TLRs) regulated by DNA-PKcs and autoimmune regulator in peritoneal macrophages in mice,and to clarify the function and significance of autoimmune regulator in peripheral immune system. Methods The macrophages were divided into pEGFPC1/mAire transfection group,pEGFPC1/mAire and negative control siRNA co-transfection group,pEGFPC1/mAire and DNA-PKcs siRNA co-transfection group,pEGFPC1 and negative control siRNA co-transfection group,and  pEGFPC1 and DNA-PKcs siRNA co-transfection group;the expression levels of TLR1-9 in peritoneal macrophages of the mice in various groups  were detected by RT-PCR. The expression levels  of TLR1-9 in peritoneal macrophages were detected by RT-qPCR after transfected with pEGFPC1/mAire and pEGFPC1 into the peritoneal macrophages in mice;the expression levels of TLRs in the transfected cells  before and after silencing   DNA-PKcs  were detected by RT-qPCR. Results The peritoneal macrophages in mice could express TLR1-9. Compared with  pEGFPC1/mAire transfection group,the expression levels of TLR1,3 and 8 were increased in peritoneal macrophages after transfected with autoimmune regulator(P<0.05) and those in the other groups did not changed significantly(P>0.05). After silencing  DNA-PKcs,the expression levels of TLR1,3,and 8 were decreased (P<0.05) in peritoneal macrophages in pEGFPC1/mAire transfection group than thoes in unsilenced group,but the expression levels of TLR1-9 didn’t  have significant changes in macrophages transfected with pEGFPC1 before and after  silence(P>0.05). Conclusion  Autoimmune regulator can regulate the expression levels of TLR1,3,and 8 in peritoneal macrophages in mice,and the mechnism may be  associated with  DNA-PKcs interaction effect.

To study the effects of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and percutaneous ethanol injection（PEI）on  early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients and to clarify the significance of balancing covariates between groups. Methods 342 HCC patients were selected,in which  189 patients were treated with RFA(RFA group) and 153 patients were treated with  PEI(PEI group). The covariates in two groups were balanced by propensity score caliper matching,and the survival rates of patients in two groups were analyzed. Results Before matching of propensity score,the  covariates in two groups were imbalanced.The COX regression results showed that high Chlid-pugh,family history with HCC,positive HbsAg,high AFP and GT levels,bigger tumor size and multiple nodules were the dangerous factors which could affect the mortality rates of HCC patients(harzard ratio>1,P<0.05);but the difference of mortality rates between two groups was not statistically significant (P>0.05). After matching of propensity score,the covariates were balanced; the survival analysis result showed that the one-year survival rates of patients in RFA and PEI groups were 81.37% and 3.48%,respectively;the two-year survival rates were 46.64% and 36.81%,respectively;the three-year survival rates were 21.53% and 14.5%,respectively;and the median survival time were 1.80 and 1.40 year,respectively.The Logrank test results showed that the survival rates of patients in RFA group were higher than those in PEI group(P<0.05). Conclusion The effect of RFA in treatment of HCC is better than that of PEI after balancing covariates with propensity score,  and balancing covariates between groups can evaluate the curative effect of HCC patients correctly.

 To study the treatment effect of salidroside combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on rats with Parkinson’s disease(PD),and to provide experiment basis for curring Parkinson’s disease.Methods The BMSCs were cultured adherently,the cell surface molecules were detected by immunofluorescence.The effect of 10 mg·L^-1 salidroside on the proliferation and differentiation of BMSCs was detected by MTT.60  Wistar rats were randomly divided into sham group,model group,salidroside treatment group,BMSCs treatment group,and  salidroside and BMSCs combination therapy group.The behavior changes were detected at a specific time  and  the levels of tyrosin hydroxylase(TH) mRNA in brain tissue were detected.Results The setm cell markers CD29 and CD44 were expressed  successfully.Compared with control group,the proliferation of BMSCs got bigger and the plateau got longer after treated with salidroside.The rotation number of PD model rats was the least compared with the other groups(P<0.05).The expression level of TH mRNA wasdecreased.The behavior abnormalities of PD model rats were improved and the level of TH mRNA was increased  after treated with salidroside and  BMSCs compared with the other groups(P<0.05).Conclusion The treatment efficacy of salidroside combined with BMSCs on PD rats is better than salidroside or BMSCs alone.

To isolate bacteriophages from raw sewage and to investigate the biological properties of　bacteriophages using 14 strains of Enterobacter cloacae as host cells,and to identify its structure.Methods  Bacteriophages were isolated from sewage with double-agar and identified by plaque method.After purification and negative-staining of bacteriophages， the morphologic features of bacteriophages were examined by electron microscope， the bacteriophage genome was extracted  for electrophoresis; the lytic spectrum of host was carried out for specificity and cracking range of the Enterobacter cloacae.Results  Bacteriophage ФEc53 was isolated and identified， electron micrograph showed that the head of bacteriophage was spherical， 60 nm in diameter and it had a tail， about 130 nm long.Electrophoresis of phage DNA revealed that the size of genome was about 40 000 bp　 and contained lots of restriction sites.The lytic spectrum trial showed it had a relatively narrow host range. Conclusion The isolated Enterobacter cloacae (named ФEc53) bacteriophage belongs to Caudovirales， Siphoviridae.According to its biologic features， bacteriophage ФEc53 has strong lytic and high specificity.

o prepare mouse fibroblast feeder layers and to establish C57BL/ 6 mouse embryonic stem cell(ESC) lines and to provide  basis for the further establishment of human ESC lines.Methods The mouse embryonic fibroblasts(MEF) were isolated from the mouse embryos at 13.5-14.5 d by primary tissue digestion method and the 3.5 d blastulae of C57BL/6 mice were cultured on the mouse fibroblast feeder layer incubation;the inner cell mass(ICM) was separated and amplified and passaged over 40 generations.The growth of the MEF  colonies was observed.The ESC colonies were identified byalkaline phosphatase(AKP) staining,early embryo-specific surface antigen(SSEA-1) and octamer-blinding transcription factor 4(OCT-4) staining,and differentiation experiments in vivo.Results The  ESC after  isolation and culture could stably passage to more than 40 generations and showed acolony-like growth.The ESC showed a red-brown positive expression after AKP, SSEA-1 and OCT-4 staining.The teratomas formed after ESC was inoculated in nude mice.HE staining showed that there were three germ layer tissue components in ESC.Conclusion The C57BL/6 mouse ESC lines are successfully established.

Abstract:Objective To compare the interbody fusion effects of  bone morphogenetic protein 2-9  (Adv-BMP 2-9) with single expression of Adv-BMP9 or adv-BMP2 mediated by co-expressing recombinant adenovirus combined with nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide 66 (nHA/PA66) cage on   lumbar interbody fusion of goats,and to clarify the collaborative osteogenesis effects of BMP2 and BMP9.Methods Interbody fusion was performed at L2-3,L3-4 and L4-5 in 40 Chinese green goats,included a total of 120 interspace of lumbar vertebrae.Each interspace of lumbar vertebra was randomly implanted with a nHA/PA66 cage combined with one of the following four adenovirus, Adv-BMP9 (Adv-BMP9 group,n=30),Adv-BMP2 (Adv-BMP2 group,n=30),Adv-BMP2-9 (Adv-BMP2-9 group,n=30),and Adv-GFP (Adv-GFP group,n=30).The goats were euthanized 24 weeks after operation,and the fusion segment speciments were obtained;radiographic inspection and biomechanical analysis were performed on the segment speciments.Results The X-ray results showed there was no significant dirence of disc space height(DSH) before and after operation  between various groups.The interbody fusion rates were 70% (21/30) in Adv-BMP2-9 group and 53% (16/30) in Adv-BMP9 group and 31% (5/16) in Adv-BMP2 group and 30% (9/30) in Adv-GFP group.CT fusion degree tests  showed that CT fusion scores  in Adv-hBMP2-9 group,Adv-hBMP9 group,Adv-hBMP2 group and Adv-GFP group were 52.29±0.72,44.02±0.67,38.83±0.86,and 28.65±0.47,respectively; there were significant differences between various  groups(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Biomechanical analysis showed that the  stiffness of the fusion segment in Adv-BMP2-9 group was higher than that in Adv-BMP9 group(P<0.05),and stiffness in the fusion segment in   Adv-BMP9 group was higher  than that in Adv-BMP2 group,but there was no significant difference(P>0.05).During the experiment,no local or distant infection,fever,and foreign body rejection were observed in all goats.Conclusion The interbody fusion effect of co-expressing Adv-BMP2-9 combined with nHA/PA66 cage is superior to Adv-MP9 or Adv-BMP2  on goat lumbar,and BMP2 and BMP9 have collaborative osteogenesis.

Objective  To study the inhibitory effect of  water-soluble polysaccharide  alkali-extracted from Pleurotus ostreatus and to clarify its mechanism.Methods The water-soluble polysaccharide WPOP-N1 from Pleurotus ostreatus were obtained by alkaline extraction,ethanol precipitation,and joint deproteinized and column chromatography methods.Forelimbs of BalB/C mice were subcutaneously injected with S-180 sarcoma cells to establish mouse tumor  models.60 BalB/C mice were randomly divided into normal control group,model control group,cyclophosphamide (positive control) group,WPOP-N1 low,medium,high doses groups（100,200 and
400 mg/kg）,and there were 10 mice in each group.Besidesnormal control group,the mice in the other groups were subcutaneously injected with S-180 sarcoma cells suspensions,and the mice in normal control group were given saline and the mice in model control group were given lipopolysaccharide.The levels of serum TNF-α secreted  were detected by ELISA method.The effects of  WPOP-N1 on macrophage phagocytic function and the levels of NO and TNF-α were estimated.Results The tumor weights of mice in WPOP-N1 low,medium and high doses groupswere (2.38±0.55),(1.79±0.64),and (1.37±0.51) g,respectively,which were lower than that in normal control group (3.71 g±0.81 g) (P<0.05);the anti-tumor rates of WPOP-N1 low,medium and high doses groups were 35.8%,51.8%,and 63.1%;the serum TNF-α levels of mice in WPOP-N1 medium and high doses groups were higher than that in  normal control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01);the phagocytic activities of peritoneal macrophages of mice in WPOP-N1 medium and high doses groups were higherthan that in  normal control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01);the NO and TNF-α levels secreted by  murine peritoneal macrophages in WPOP-N1 low,medium and high doses groups were increased (P<0.05) and had a dose-response.Conclusion WPOP-N1 has a significantly  inhibitory effect on tumor in vivo and its mechanism may be related to activating macrophages to secrete NO and TNF-α,and enhancing the phagocytic activities of macrophages.

Objective To study the feasibility of vertebral internal fixation using deer as animal models by comparing the biological parameters of deer,sheep and human lumbar and to provide the morphological parameters,the bone density,and the  biomechanical data of laboratory animals for related medical research.Methods 10 sets of fresh sika deer lumbar,10 sets of fresh sheep lumbar,and 10 sets of fresh lumbar of male cadavers were selected as the materials.The morphological observation of the lumbar vertebral bodies and pedicles of  three groups were taken,and the cancellous bone density,ultimate stress and elastic modulus   were measured and compared.Results There were significant differences of heights of right vertebral pedicles between three groups(P<0.01);the deer had the largest one,the sheep followed,and the human had the smallest one.There were remarkable differences of the widths of right vertebral pedicles and anterior disc heights between three groups（P<0.05）;the human had  the largest one,the deer followed,and the sheep had the smallest one.There were significant differeces of apparent density,elastic modulus and ultimate stress between three groups(P<0.05);the  sheep had the largestone,the deer followed,and the human had  the smallest one.Conclusion Deer lumbar is more similar as that of human according to  anatomic form and biomechanics compared with  the sheep lumbar.Therefore,deer is a more suitable to set up animal model for ve
rtebral internal fixation research.

Objective To study the  growth-promoting effect of α-Synuclein (α-Syn) function fragment on neurites of primary cultured neurons of rats and to clarify its physiological function fragment  and to explore its mechanism.Methods The neurons in neocortex of newborn SD rats were cultured in various groups.The α-syn (adding α-Syn group) and its function segments such as  N segment(adding N segment group),C segment (adding C  segment group) and NAC segment (adding NAC segment group)  were added into the neural cells,and no protein was added  into  control group.The lengths of neurites of neurons were observed with inverted phase contrast microscope.Western blotting  and immunofluorescence staining assay were used to confirm the expression levels of proteins in various groups.Results 1 and 2 h after culture,the average lengths of neurites in  adding C segment group and adding α-Syn group were longer than that in control group (P<0.05);the average lengths of neuites in  adding NAC and N segment groups had no significant differences compared with control group(P>0.05). 4 h after culture,the average length of neurites in  adding C segment group was  significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.01);the average lengths of neuites in adding NAC and N segment groups had no significant difference compared with control group(P>0.05).The results of Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining assay showed  that N segment and C segment could enter into the neuron,but NAC could not enter into the neuron.Conclusion α-Syn can enhance the outgrowth of neurite  of primarily cultured neuron.The C segment of α-Syn has the potential to enhance neurite outgrowth,and its possible mechanism may be that C segment of α-Syn  can enter into the neuron,and  polymerize tubulin into microtubule,and accelerate the formation of cytoskeleton and axoplasmic transporting.

Objective To observe the promoting effect of inhibiting chloride channel-3(ClC-3) gene expression on the apoptosis of human ovarian cancer SKOV3/DDP cells induced by cisplatin (DDP),and to provide the experimental basis for   treatment of ovarian cancer.Methods The recombinant plamid pSH1-siRNA-ClC-3 was transfected into SKOV3/DDP cells.The ClC-3 expression changes in SKOV3/DDP cells transfected with pSH1-SiRNA-ClC-3 was detected by Western blotting.The vitality of SKOV3/DDP cells was measured by MTT assay.The expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins cytochrome C (Cyt-C) and Cleaved Caspase-3 were determined byWestern blotting. Results  Compared with SKOV3 cells,the ClC-3 expression levels  in SKOV3/DDP cells was increased (P<0.05).Transfection of pSH1-SiRNA-ClC-3 suppressed the expression of ClC-3 efficiently in SKOV3/DDP cells (P<0.05).The proliferation rate of SKOV3/DDP cells was  decreased (P<0.05),and the cyt-C and Cleaved Caspase-3 expression were increased  after treated with ClC-3-siRNA combined with  DDP(P<0.05).Conclusion pSH1-SiRNA-ClC-3 could suppress the expression of ClC-3 efficiently and enhance the apoptosis induced by DDP in SKOV3/DDP cells.

Objective To discuss the protective effect of celiac transplanting micro-capsulated  3T3 cells transfected by nerve growing factor (NGF) gene on  hypoxic-ischemic brain damage(HIBD) in new-born rats,and to provide experimen
tal basis for  HIBD treatment.Methods 60 new-born Wistar rat,were randomly divided into sham operation group (n=20),blank capsule group (n=20),and transplant group (n=20).The rats in sham operation group  were injected with saline.The rat models of HIBD were set up and used in blank capsule group and transplant group.The rats in blank capsule group  were transplanted with blank capsules.The rats in transplant group   were treated by transplanting micro-capsulated  3T3 cells transfected by NGF gene.The changes of water  contents and the apoptotic rates of rat neuron in each group were analyzed.Results The rats in blank caspsule and transplant groups had various  degrees of hydrocephalus,the water content in brain tissues of  rats in blank capsule group was higher than that in sham operation group(P<0.05).The water content in brain tissues of rats in transplant group had no significant difference compared with sham operation  group(P>0.05),but it was lower than that in blank capsule group(P<0.05).The TUNLE immunohistochemistry results showed that there was  significant difference of apoptotic rate of neuron between blank capsule group and sham operation group (P<0.05),and the apoptotic rate of rat neuron in transplant group  was lower  than that in blank capsule group(P<0.05).Conclusion Celiac transplanting of micro-capsulated NGF 3T3 cells  can relieve the hydrocephalus after HIBD and  protect the hippocampal neuron after HIBD.

Objective  To observe the expression of neuroglobin (Ngb)in brain tissue of rats with cerebral infarction and its effect on  PI3-K/Akt signaling pathway,and to study their effects on cerebral ischemic injury and  the possible mechanisms of the neuroprotective effect of Ngb.Methods  60 SD rats were randomly divided into  sham operation group,ischemia group,and Hemin group,LY group,and Hemin＋LY group,and there were 12 rats in each group.Cerebral infarction models were established by middle cerebral artery thread embolism method.All rats were sacrificed 24 h after operation for neurological evaluation and detection of  cerebralinfarction volume， and the expression levels of Ngb and Akt mRNA were detected by RT-PCR.Results There was not any  area unstained by triphenyltetrazolium chloride and any neurologic impairment found in rats in sham operation group.Compared with ischemia group,the expression levels  of Ngb and Akt mRNA in Hemin group were increased significantly（P<0.01）,with better neurological function(P<0.05) and less volume of cerebral infarction(P<0.01).The volume of cerebral infarction(P<0.01) and the neurological impairments （P<0.05）in LY group were increased,and the expression level of Akt mRNA  in LY group was lower(P<0.01)than that in ischemia group,and there was  no significant difference in the expression of  Ngb (P>0.05).The cerebral tissue damage in Hemin＋LY group was aggrevated,and the expression level of Akt mRNA was decreased (P<0.01),while the level of Ngb mRNA was not inhibited by LY294002  (P>0.05) compared with Hemin group.Conclusion Ngb can reduce the voume of cerebral infarction and improve neurological function after focal cerebral ischemia in rats and its neuroprotective effect may be realized by activating PI3-K/Akt signaling pathway.

Objective  To study the correct position between  internal carotid artery (ICA) and bone markers  of sphenoid sinus inner wall, and between ICA and center of the aperture of sphenoid sinus  in  endoscopic transsphenoidal pituitary surgery,and to help the positioning and protection of ICA in operation.Methods The initial operating plane  (IOP)was reconstructed by computed tomography angiography (CTA) images,which was perpendicular to the sagittal plane and  passed through the sphenoid sinus opening and the pituitaryfossa midpoint plane.Three-dimensional coordinate system was selected ,the origin was the center of the sphenoid sinus opening,the x-axis and the mirror body (sphenoid external) were overlapping and parallel to the sagittal plane,the z-axis was perpendicular to the sagittal plane,the  y-axis was perpendicular to the x-and z-axes.The relationship between the position of ICA and its  mark points were observed.The indexes contained the coordinates of inner side wall of the  same side ICA(IAM),and the inner side wall of the contralateral side ICA(CAM),the minimum distance from the midline of CAM and the depth of CAM were detected.Results  In IOP,only 37.5% ICA location and ICA promontory(ICAP) position corresponded accurately. IAM coordinates were 1.50,－0.3,and 0.55　 cm;CAM coordinates were  1.49,－0.30,and 1.52 cm; the minimum distance from midline of CAM was 6.2 mm; the average depth of ICA was 1.1 mm.Conclusion Determination of the coordinates of  ICA in  IOP can help the positioning and protection of  ICA in operation.The operation  within 6.2 mm at the medial level can be considered to be quite safe in IOP when  the sagittal plane passing through  sphenoid sinus opening is used as a reference.

Objective To investigate the regulation of rosiglitazone on iNOS and IL-6 in substantia nigra of the mice with Parkinson’s disease（PD）,and to clarify the mechanism. Methods 45 male mice were randomly divided into control group(n=15),model group(n=15) and rosiglitazone group(n=15). The behavioral changes of the mice in various  groups were observed by pole climbing experiment;immunohistochemistry and Western blotting methods were used to observe  the  expressions of iNOS,IL-6 and TH in substantia nigra of the mice. Results The model mice exhibited typical PD-like behaviors,such as tremor,gait retardation; compared with control group,the time of T-turn and T-LA in model group was prolonged,the differences between two groups were significant（P<0.05）; Compared with control group,TH-positive neurons lost obviously,the numbers of iNOS,IL-6 and TH immunoreactive cells and the expression levels in substantia nigra  of the midbrain were increased markedly,and the differences were statistically significant（P<0.05）.After treated with rosiglitazone,the  changes mentioned above were reduced significantly;there were significant differences of the numbers of iNOS,IL-6 and TH positive cells and their protein expression levels compared with model group（P<0.05）. Conclusion Rosiglitazone may protect the dopaminergic neurons by  inhibiting the expressions of iNOS and IL-6.

Objective  To investigate the effect of lidamycin (LDM) on signal transmission pathway of  mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) in mouse myeloma  cells and the role of  MAPKs in cell growth and apoptosis induced by LDM,and to provide basis  for research on treatment of  human multiple myeloma with LDM.Methods The mouse myeloma SP2/0 cells in logarithm growth phase were selected and  randomly divided into blank control group and four different concentrations of LDM groups.The expression levels of c-Jun amino-terminal kinase(JNK),extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK) and p38 MAPK were detected 48 h after  culture by Western blotting.And then the SP2/0 cells in logarithm growth phase were selected and randomly divided into  control group,LDM group,SP600125 (JNK inhibitor) group, SB203580 (p38 inhibitor)group,U0126 group(ERK inhibitor),LDM +SP600125 group,LDM + SB203580 group,and LDM + U0126 group.MTS assay was used to detect SP2/0 cell proliferation and flow cytometry was used to analyze  apoptosis in various groups.Results The expression levels of JNK,ERK and p38 MAPK in SP2/0 cells in different concentrations of  LDM groups were higher than those in blank control group (P<0.05) 48 h after culture; Compared with blank control group,the apoptotic rates and proliferation rates in different inhibitors groups had no significant differences(P>0.05),in  other words,the proliferation inhibition and apoptosis induction in  SP600125 group, SB203580 group,and U0126 group were not obvious.The effects of LDM on the growth inhibition and apoptosis of cells were decreased in LDM +SP600125 group and LDM + SB203580 group  (P<0.05)and increased in LDM + U0126 group (P<0.05).Conclusion LDM can inhibit the proliferation of mouse  myeloma  SP2/0 cells and induce apoptosisthrough  activation of JNK and p38 MAPK.

Objective To investigate the changes of expression levels  of posophorylated JNK in hippocampus of rats with  different degrees of intermittent hypoxia and to clarify the mechnism of cognitive dysfunction of hypoxia rats.Methods 96 male SD rats were randomly divided into  control group（n=24），mild intermittent hypoxia group（n=24）,moderate intermittent hypoxia group（n=24） and severe intermittent hypoxia group（n=24）.The rats in control group were exposed in air，and the rats in  intermittent hypoxia groups were exposed respectively in different intermittenthypoxia conditions（100，75 and 50 mL/L,8 h everyday for 8 weeks).Theexpression levels  of phosphorylated JNK proteins were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting methods;the number of apoptotic cells was measured by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transfernase medicated nick end labeling (TUNEL) method;the learning and memory functions were determined by Eight-arm maze.Results  Compared with control group，the expression levels of  phosphorylated JNK and the number of TUNEL-positive cells in intermittent hypoxia groups were  increased obviously in a  time-dependant manner(P<0.05)；Water maze test showed that the escaping latency was  prolonged and the frequency of crossing the platform was decreased in a time-dependant manner in mild,moderate and severe interminttent hypoxia group.Compared with mild,moderate intermittent hypoxia groups,the number of TUNEL positive cells was increased;the expression level of JNK protein was increased and the escaping latency was prolonged and the frequency of crossing the platform was decreased in severe intermittent hypoxia group(P<0.05).The expression levels of phosphorylated JNK  and the numbers of TUNEL-positive cells  reached peak at 6 weeks and reduced at 8 weeks  in mild and moderate intermittent hypoxia groups and there were no significant difference between  different time points in two groups(P>0.05)；the  expression level of phosphorylated JNK and the number of  TUNEL-positive cells  reached peak at 8 weeks in severe intermittent hypoxia group and there were significant differences  between different time points in sever    intermittent hypoxia group(P<0.05).Conclusion  Different degrees of intermittent hypoxia can cause cognitive dysfunction and its mechanism may be  related to activating JNK in hippocampus of rats and regulating the neuronal apoptosis.

Objective To identify the  novel microRNA(miRNA) gene  located at the chromosome 21 by  Solexa high-throughput sequencing technology,and to provide basis for clarifying function of the chromosome 21 and investingating the new therapeutic target of Down syndrome(DS) patients.Methods Thecord blood of  5 DS fetues verified by chromosome karyotype  analysis and 3 normal fetuses  were collected.Total RNA was extracted from mononuclear cells of cord blood in DS fetuses to construct the small RNA library.Then the miRNA gene was identified by Solexa high-throughput sequencing,computer analysis and Stem-loop RT-PCR,and its biological function was analyzed.Results The chromosome karyotype analysis showed that the  karyetypes in cord blood of DS fetuses were standard DS karyotypes,and those in normal fetuses were normal karyotypes. A total of 21 novel miRNAs were identified in cord blood of DS fetuses.But only one candidat miRNA was located on the “DS critical region” of the chromosome 21,named as “miRnov21”, and its expression level in  mononuclear cells of cord bood in DS fetuses was higher than that in normal fetuses.Biological funcation analysis revealed that  miR-nov21  could regulate 211 conserved target genes containing 215 conserved sites,which were involved in gene expression,regulation of cell differentiation,embryonic morphogenesis,and heart development.Conclusion There is a novel miRNA gene  in  “DS critical region” of the chromosome 21.

Objective To observe the effect of  gypenosides-containing serum on the expressions of  p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase（ p38MAPK）protein and c-Jun mRNA in photoaging HaCaT cells and to explore the mechanism of  inhibitory effect of gypenosides-containing serum on photoaging.Methods  The photoaging HaCaT cell model was established by UVB radiation, low,middle,and high  doses    of gypenosides-containing  serum were used in the culture fluid of phatoaging HaCaT cell models;meanwhile blank control group,blank serum group and UVB model group were set up.The expression levels of p38MAPK protein and c-Jun mRNA of cells in each group were measured by Western blotting and RT-PCR methods. Results  Compared with blank control group,the expression levels of p38MAPK protein and c-Jun mRNA of the cells  inUVB model group  were significantly increased,the difference had statistical significance（P<0.01）.Compared with UVB model group,the expression levels of p38MAPK protein and c-Jun mRNA of cells in low,middle and high doses of   gypenosides-containing serum groups were significantly decreased,the difference had statistical significance（P<0.01）.Compared with blank serum group,the expression levels of p38 MAPK protein and c-Jun mRNA of the cells in low,middle and high doses of gypensides-containing serum groups were decreased(P<0.01).Conclusion Gypenosides-containing serum could prevent the skin photoaging by inhibinting the expressions of p38MAPK protein and c-Jun mRNA.

Objective To establish  allergic rhinitis (AR) models of Wistar rats,and to discuss the pathogenesis of  allergic inflammation of respiratory tract,and to provide basis for clinical treatment of AR.Methods 30 Wistar rats were randomly divided into model group(n=10),normal group(n=10) and dexamethasone(DEX) group(n=10).The rats in model group were immunized intraperitoneally with ovalbumin(OVA),followed by intranasal administration of OVA;and the rats in normal group were adminstrated with saline instead of OVA;the rats in DEX group were challenged into AR,then they  were injected with 0.2 mL/kg dexamethasone muscle of hind legs.The behavioral symptoms,histological changes of  nasal mucosa,the number of eosinophile granulocytes and the expression levels of IgE were detected by HE staining and immunohistochemical methods. Results The AR symptoms,such as nasal itching,sneezing,and rhinorrhea of the rats  in model group were observed.There were a lot of histological changes,such as eosinophile granulocytes,lymphocytes,edema of the mucosa,gland hyperplasia,strong secretion,and cilia destruction on nasal surface of the rats in model group.There were only mild grasping nose and a small amount of sneezing of the rats in normal group.The small blood vessels of the rats in DEX group had no significant expansion,the mucosal thickness was lower than that in model group and the degree of inflammatory cell infiltration  was alleviated.The numbers ofeosinophile granulocytes and their A values of the rats  in  DEX group and model group were higher than those in nomal group(P<0.05).The number of eosinophile granulocytes  and its A value of the rats in  DEX group were lower than those in model group(P<0.05).Conclusion The   AR rat model  induced by OVA is established successfully.

Objective  To investigate the inhibitory effect of microwave radiation on proliferation of human cervical carcinoma HeLa cells and to clarify the mechanism of inhibitory effect of microwave radiation on proliferation of HeLa cells. Methods The HeLa cells were radiated by different intensities(2.5,5.0,10.0,15.0 and 20.0 mW/cm)　 microwave for 20 min,and  control group (0 mW/cm) was set up. The morphological changes  of HeLa cells were observed by microscope;the proliferation capacity was measured by MTT assay;the MDA levels  and SOD activities were detected;the expression levels  of HSP70 and NF-κB protein after radiated with microwave were detected by Western blotting method.Results In different doses of  microwave radiation groups,the  number of HeLa cells was decreased significantly,the cells shrank and were abnormal in shape,the cell volume was reduced.After 2.5,5.0,10.0,15.0,  and 20.0 mW/cmradiation for 24 h,the  inhibitory rates of proliferation of HeLa cells were significantly higher than that in  control group (P<0.05);the MDA levels were increased with the increasing of the radiation dose compared with control group,and the SOD activities were decreased compared with control group（P<0.05）.The results of Western blotting showed that the expression of HSP70  was increased and the expression of NF-κB was decreased significantly in different doses  of radiation groups.Conclusion  Microwave radiation can inhibit the proliferation of HeLa cells,and the  mechanism may be related  to changing intracellular oxidation  and antioxidant balance.

Objective To explore the protective effect of nicorandil  postconditioning on myocardium of rats with  myocardial ischemia -reperfusion  injury(MIRI) in rats and to discuss its mechanism.Methods 26 SD rats were divided into control group(n=8)， isoproterenol(ISO) group(n=8) and nicorandil postconditioning group(n=10).The rats in ISO group  were injected intraperitoneally with isoproterenol (5 mg/kg）at an interval of 24 h for 3 d; the rats in control group only received an injection of same amount of saline;the  rats in nicorandil postconditioning group were injected intravenously with nicorandil (1 mg/kg) 1 h after ISO injection  once a day, lasting for 3 d.The rats were killed 24 h after the third injection of ISO.The activities of serum creatine kinase （CK） and lactate dehydrogenase （LDH） of  rats in various groups  were detected;the histopathological changes of myocardium of rats in various groups were observed  by routine HE staining;the expressions of Caspase-3 protein were determined by immunohistochemistry;the apoptosis of cardiocytes of rats in various groups was analyzed by TUNEL staining.Results There were no significant differences in the activites of serum CK and LDH between   nicorandil postconditioning group and control group（P>0.05）， but the activities of CK and LDH in control and nicorandil postconditioning groups were lower than those in  ISO group （P<0.05）.The HE staining results showed local degeneration,necrosis and inflammation in ISO group,but slightly necrosis and inflammation in nicorandil postconditioning group and no pathological changes  in control group.Immunohistochemistry staining showed that Caspase-3 was positive in cardiocyte plasma in ISO group; however， there were no Caspase-3 expression in control and nicorandil postconditioning groups.The apoptosis index（AI）  in nicorandil postconditioning group was significantly decreased compared with ISO group（P<0.01）.Conclusion Nicorandil can attenuate MIRI of rats，and its mechanism may be related to inhibiting Caspase-3 pathway and decreasing the cardiocyte apoptosis.

Objective To investigate the genetic association between the polymorphisms of 4 Tag SNPs of hisone deacetylases 8 (HDAC8)gene and schizophrenia in  Han population from North China,and to provide theoretical basis for diagnosis and treatment of schizophrenia.Methods 208  pedigrees consisting of healthy fathers,mothers and affected offsprings with schizophrenia(624 cases) were selected and the gene types of 4 Tag SNPs sites(rs12690254，rs3012655，rs497551 and rs544484) of HDAC8 gene were detected by Sequenom Mass Array technology.Haplotype-based haplotype relative risk (HRR) analysis and transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) were used to analyze the genotype data.Results The genotypic frequencies of the rs12690254, rs3012655, rs497551 and rs544484 sites of HDAC8 gene did not deviate from Hardy-Weinbergequilibrium in both patient group and parents group (P>0.05).HHRR analysis did not show  the  allelic association with the HDAC8 gene (P>0.05);TDT analysis did not show preferential transmission of the four alleles ( P>0.05).Conclusion There is no genetic association between the polymorphism of HDAC8 gene and schizophrenia in Han population from North  China.

Objective To explore the effect of cyclophosphamide on  changes of lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood of children patients with systematic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and  to provide evidence for curing children with SLE.Methods 30 children with SLE and 30 healthy children were selected.The levels of  T cells,B cells,NK cells and NKT cells in peripheral blood were detected.The SLE patients were randomly divided into  hormone therapy group(n=15) and cyclophosphamide combined with hormone therapy group(n=15),the changes of the levels of lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood  before and after  treatment were detected by flow cytometry.Results Compared with  healthy control group,the ratio of CD3+CD4+ Th cells in SLE patient group was decreased obviously（P<0.05）;the ratio of CD3+CD8+ Tc cells  was markedly increased（P<0.05）;the ratios of CD3－（CD16CD56）+NK and CD3+（CD16CD56+NKT cells weredecreased obviously（P<0.05）;the ratio of CD3－CD19+ B cells was  markedly increased (P<0.01).The ratio of CD3+CD8+ Tc cells in peripheral blood of children with SLE was positivey related to SLE DAI（r=0.754 7,P<0.01）;the ratio of CD3－CD19+ B cells was also positively related to SLE DAI （r=0.158 6,P=0.029 3）.The ratios of Th，NK and NKT cells were not related to   SLE DAI（P>0.05）.Compared with  before  treatment,the ratio of CD3－CD19+ B cells was significantly decreased after treatment in  hormone therapy group（P<0.05）,and the ratios of NK，NKT  and  Th cells were increasedand the ratio of Tc cells was decreased,but there was no significant difference（P>0.05）.In cyclophosphamide combined with hormone therapy group,the ratio of   B cells was decreased after treatment,but the ratios of NK，NKT  and  Th cells  were increased compared with before treatment（P<0.01）.Conclusion The imbalanced proportion of lymphocyte subsets in the  children with SLE is  involved in the pathogenesis of SLE,and the treatment of cyclophosphamide combined with hormone is more effective.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of preoperative carbohydrate administration on  insulin resistance after  colorectal surgery,and to provide basis for clinical treatment.MethodsAccording to the criteria of systematic reviews,a thorough literature search related to  randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for effectiveness and safety evaluation of preoperative carbohydrate administration on insulin resistance after  colorectal surgery was performed among China Journal Full-text Database,Chinese Biomedical Database,Chinese Scientific Journals Full-text Database,CMA Digital Periodicals,PubMed,Cochrane Library,Embase,ISI Web of Knowledge,and the hand search on relevant journals was performed as a supplement.The methodological qualities of the included literatures were assessed by Cochrane Handbook Version 5.0. RevMan 5.0 software was used for Meta-analysis of seven included RCTs.Results Seven RCTs involving 728 participants were included.It was controversial that preoperative oral carbohydrate administration could increase insulin sensitive index (ISI) (SMD=－0.38,95%CI=－0.65—－0.11,I2 = 94%) and decrease insulin resistance index (IRI) (SMD=－1.82,95%CI=－2.67—－0.98) compared with preoperative fasting group;however,preoperative oral carbohydrate administration could decline the preoperative hunger,anxiety and thirst. Compared with preoperative placebo,preoperative oral carbohydrate administration could increase ISI (SMD= 1.06,95%CI= 0.32－1.81) and decreaseIRI (SMD=－1.34,95%CI=－2.12—－0.57).The level of postoperative insulin (SMD= 3.51,95%CI= 2.99－4.03) was increased and the level of insulin in the 1st day after surgery (SMD= 0.65,95%CI= 0.31－0.98) was increased in  preoperative oral carbohydrate administration group compared with  preoperative intravenous glucose injection group.The  hospitalization time  of patients in preoperative oral carbohydrate administration group was longer than that in postoperative  intravenous glucose injection group (SMD= 0.45,95%CI= 0.12－0.78).Conclusion Preoperative oral carbohydrate administration can reduce preoperative hunger,anxiety and thirst  compared with preoperative fasting,and increase ISI and decrease IRI  compared with preoperative placebo.Preoperative intravenous glucose injection  can increase postoperative ISI and shorten  hospitalization time  compared with preoperative oral carbohydrate administration.

Abstract:Objective  To clarify the characteristics of the patients with  ankylosing
 spondylitis (AS) complicated with Sjogren’[KG-*3]s syndrome (SS),and to provide basis for its treatment and prevention of complications.Methods 11 cases  diagnosed as AS complicated with SS were selected,and the clinical features and laboratory fingdings were summarized  retrospectively;the rate of involved joints,HLA-B27 positive rate,antinuclear antibody(ANA)positive rate,and the levels of C-eaction protein(CRP),erythrocyte sedimentation  rate (ESR) and immunoglobulin  were compared  between the patients with AS complicated with SS and  the simple AS or SS patients.Results All the   11 patients were in line with the diagnostic criteria for AS and SS with  low back pain and siccaymptoms;peripheral joints were involved in 9 cases.1 case had uveitis;the imaging studies showed that there were 9 cases of  grade 2 bilateral sacroiliitis and above,and 1 case of grade 3 unilateral sacroiliitis,1 case of grade 4 unilateral sacroiliitis.The HLA-B27 was positive in 7 cases,and the positive rate (63.6%)  was ignificantly lower than thatof simple AS patients(92.9%)(P<0.05). The salivary radionuclide examination was positive in 9 cases;the Schirmer test was positive in 11 cases.Among 11 patients with AS complicated with  SS,9 cases were ANA positive,the ANA positive rates had  no significant difference between  patients with AS complicated with SS(81.8%)  and simple SS patients(84.89%).The  anti-SSA ntibodies were positive in 8 cases;the anti-SSB antibodies  were positive in 6 cases;the minor salivary gland biopsy was positive in 11 cases.The levels of CRP,ESR,and immunoglobulin of the patients with AS complicated with SS were higher than those of AS patients or SS patients,but the differences were not significant(P>0.05).Compared with AS patients,the incidence of hyperglobulinemia in patients with AS complicated with SS was increased(P<0.05).Conclusion AS and SS can occur at the same ime,and the patients with AS complicated with SS are prefer to  peripheral joint involvement.

Abstract:Objective To evaluate the efficacy and  safety of percutaneous transluminal  angioplasty (PTA) in  treatment of patients with arteriosclerosis obliteration of lower extremity,and to provide clinical evidence to improve the operation  success rate of  arteriosclerosis obliteration of lower extremity.Methods 30 patients with rteriosclerosis obliteration of lower extremity（FontainⅡ-Ⅳ stage） were submitted to PTA,in which 11 patients were FontainⅡ,7 patients were Fontain Ⅲ,12  patients wereFontain Ⅳ. The recanalization of occlusion arteries and the improvement of clinical symptoms before and after  operation were observed. Results 45 lower extrem
ity arteries in 30 patients were performed with  PTA.42 lower extremity arteries were successfully recanalized,the opoeration  success rate was 93.3%.In 42 recanalized lower extremity arteries,10 were performed with  intravascular ultrasound ablation,20 were  performed with  intravascular ultrasound ablation +balloon  angiography,12 were performed with  intravascular ultrasound ablation +ballon angiography+stenting.The  clinical symptoms  were ameliorated in 27 patients,in which 11 were Fontain Ⅱ(11/11),7 were Fontain Ⅲ(7/7),9 were Fontain Ⅳ(9/12),so the clinical effective  rate was 90%.There was no significant difference of short-term clinical effective rate  between Fontain Ⅱ and Fontain Ⅲ patients (P>0.05).The short-term clinical effective rates were  significantly different between Fontain Ⅱ,Ⅲ and  Fontain Ⅳ patients (P<0.05). Conclusion Combined treatment of   a variety of endovascular angioplasty  could improve the operation success rate of arteriosclerosis obliteration of lower extremity.PTA is a feasible and effective technique for curring arteriosclerosis obliteration of lower xtremity.

Abstract:Objective To observe the reasonable dosage of single spinal anesthesia with isobaric ropivacaine on block in elder patients undergoing daytime anorectal operation and its safety evoluation,and to provide the basis on clinical anesthesia for the elderly daytime anorectal surgery.Methods 120 elder patients underwent selective anorectal operation were randomly divided into ropivacaine 0.8,1.0,1.3 and 1.5 mL groups,and there were 30 cases in each group. 0.8,1.0,1.3,and 1.5 mL  1% ropivacaine mixed with cerebrospinal fluid were injected into  the patients in each group through subarachnoid cavity.The effect of anesthesia,the  vital signs,the time of anesthesia level fixation,the time of postoperative anesthesia complete recovery,and the adverse reaction were recorded.
Results With the increasing of the doses of ropivacaine，the vital signs changes and the sense level fixation time had no statistical differences between various groups(P>0.05).The incidence of maximum block level ≤T5-8 in ropivacaine 1.3 and 1.5 mL groups were higher than that in 0.8 and 1.0 mL groups (P<0.05).The sense block maintenance time in ropivacaine  1.5 mL group  was  longer than  that in the  other groups
 (P<0.05).The intraoperative muscle relaxation degrees in  ropivacaine 1.0,1.3,and 1.5 mL groups
were all satisfied compared with ropivacaine 0.8 mL group(P<0.05).The incidence of intraoperative force abdominal pain  in ropivacaine 0.8 mL group was the highest (P<0.05).The  complete recovery time of motor nerve block in  ropivacaine 1.3 and 1.5 mL groups was the longest,there was significant difference compared with ropivacaine 0.8 mL group(P<0.05).But the patients in ropivacaine 1.5 mL group needed mostly urethral catheterization after operation(P<0.05).Conclusion 1.0-1.3 mL  1% ropivacaine  are suitable for single spinal anesthesia in elder patients underwent daytime anorectal operation，and the patients have stable vital signs and little adverse reaction under these conditions.

Objective  To observe the changes of serum thyroid hormone levels in patients with nephrotic syndrome and decompensated cirrhosis and clarify the relationship between thyroid hormone level and serum albumin level.
Methods The serum thyrotropic-stimulating hormone(TSH) level,serum free triiodothyronine(FT3) level,and serum free tetraiodothyronine (FT4) level were determined by ECLIA in 30 decompensated cirrhosis patients,as well as in 30 patients with nephrotic syndrome and 30 healthy persons (normal control group).The correlation between serum thyroid hormone levels and  serum albumin levels  were analyzed. Results The FT4 and FT3 levels  in two patients groups were decreased compared with normal control group(P<0.01).The levels of serum FT3 and FT4 were positively correlated with serum albumin levels in nephrotic syndrome group（r₁=0.493，r₂=0.574，P<0.01）；the levels of serum FT3 and FT4 were also positively correlated with serum albumin levels in decompensated cirrhosis group（r₁= 0.513，r₂=0.607，P<0.01）.The levels of serum TSH had no correlation with serum albumin levels in two patients groups（r₁=－0.232，r₂=－0.129，P>0.05）.Conclusion
The  serum FT3 and FT4 levels in the patients with nephrotic syndrome or decompensated cirrhosis is often decreased,and the levels of serum FT3 and FT4  are  increased with the improvement of serum albumin levels.

To investigate the relationship between vertebral endplate injury and adjacent intervertebral disk injury of patients with acute or sub-acute  osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures（OVC-F）by MRI,and to provide basis for  diagnosis of OVCF.Methods  The clinical data of  a  total of 66 patients with  OVCF underwent vertebroplasty(76 fracture of vertebral bodies)were selected.The vertebral endplate injury and adjacent intervertebral disk
 injury of OVCF patients were detected by MRI.Results There were 57 vertebral endplate injury in 76 fracture vertebral bodies(75%).There were only 27 vertebral bodies with vertebral endplate injury in 57 fractrue vertebral bodies with endplate injury(47%),and  22 vertebral bodies with superior and inferior vertebral endplate injury (39%),and  8 vertebral bodyies with inferior vertebral endplate injury(14%).There were 48 vertebral bodie
s with intervertebral disc injury in 76 fracture vertebral bodies(63%).There were 22 intervertebral disc injury located above the fracture of the lumbar spine in 48 vertebral bodies with intervertebral disc injury (45%),and  19 fracture vertebral bodies with upper and lower intervertebral disc injury(40%),and  7 intervertebral injuries located below the fracture of the lumbar spine(15%). Conclusion  Vertebral endplate injury is frequently associated with the adjacent intervertebral disk injury.The clinical diagnosis and treatment should be empha
sized in the fracture vertebral endplate damage and adjacent intervertebral disc injury.
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Objective To explore the clinical value of  digital subtractionangiography (DSA) and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA)  in diagnosis of cerebral vascular structural abnormalities in the  patients with spontaneous cerebral hemorrhage  in  subacute phase,and to provide clinical basis for detection of cerebral vascular structural abnormalities.Methods 183 patients with subacute spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage within 1 week were selected,the vascular structures of the patients  were detected by DSA and MRA，and the influence factors were analyzed.Results The  DSA and MRA results showed that the  parietal lobe,frontal lobe,and lenticular nucleus had the largest incidence rates of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage,and accounted for 17.5%,16.9%,and 14.2%,respectively.he age and the incidence of the  hypertension of the  patients with cerebral vascular structural abnormalities were significantly lower than those of the patients without cerebral vascular structural abnormalities (P<0.05).There were positive correlations between subacute spontaneous cerebral hemorrhage and the age and the incidence of hypertension（r=0.43,r=0.46，P＜0.05）.The  rates of cerebrovascular alformation detected with  MRA and DSA had no  statistically significant difference.The DSA was regarded as detection gold standard,the sensitivites and specificities of   MRA  in detection of cerebrovascular malformation were 98.8% and 96.9%.Conclusion The abnormal vascular structures of patients with subacute spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage  can be detected mostly by MRA and DSA.MRA has the advantages of non-invasion,which is worthy to be applied in clinic.
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Objective To investigate the mental health status of the left-behind primary and secondary school students in the northern remote rural of Hebei Provice  and to  clarify the problems  and their related factors and to provide the basis for making effective intervention measures.Methods  The questionnaire survey was made by using the  self-made general situation questionnaire,MHT scales and stratified cluster sampling  among 2 040 students aging 10-16 who were from five secondary schools and two primary schools in Weichang county in  the northern remote rural of Hebei Province in which the left-behind students were over 50%.The effects of both parents being migrant workers on the left-behind students were analyzed.Results In the northern remote rural,  the left-behind rate of the primary and  secondary school students was 65.69%,the left-behind students were in poor mental health and the detection rate of their mental health problems was 34.50% while the detection rate of non-left-behind students was 14.50%.There was statistically significant difference between  two groups (P<0.05)；the detection rate of  mental health problems of the left-behind students whose parents were both migrant workers(38.23%) was higher than that of the students whose father or mother  was a migrant worker(29.09%),the difference had statistical significance (P<0.05).The result of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the migrant working of mother or both parents  were dangerous factors of the mental health problems for  the left-behind primary and secondary  school students.Conclusion The  left-behind students easily present mental health problems which indicates that the mental health problems of left-behind primary and secondary students  deserves social attention.
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Objective  To optimize the conditions of  two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) and its related techniques in  research on proteomics of Proteus mirabilis, and to elucidate the effects of the supersonic power,the agitate time and the loading amount of proteins on 2-DE maps.Methods One strain of  Proteus mirabilis
 was chosen,and  its proteins were extracted by sonicating on a sonicator fitted with a microprobe.and the supersonic powers were 130 W and 80 W.The same condition of immobilized pH gradient isoelectric focusing and SDS-PAGE was used to separate the proteins obtained  from the two ways.1 and 2 mg of samples of the total  proteins obtained  from Proteus mirabilis by 80 W supersonic power were collected for  2-DE on 17 cm IPG strips under the same condition.Results  The 2-DE map of the proteins   obtained by 130 W supersonic power  was clear,repeatable and had more protein spots than that obtained by 80 W supersonic power.The 2-DE map with sample amount of 1 mg exhibited less vertical and horizontal stripes than that of 2 mg, which appeared good repeatability.Conclusion  Adopting lower supersonic power and a few of  samples can get better 2-DE map.
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Objective To detect the contents of 18 trace elements in natural mineral water in Changbai Mountain area,and to provide reference for evaluating the quality of natural mineral water of Changbai Mountain.Methods Wulong Sping,Shenlong Spring,Yinlong Spring and Linhai Spring were collected in Jingyu County of Jilin Province,the acidified water samples were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS).Results The detection limit was 0.005-0.573  μg?L-1,the relative standard deviation (RSD) was 0.1%-4.5% (except selenium),and the recovery rate was 81%-116%.The contents of 18 trace elements in the four natural mineral waters consistented with the national health standard of drinking natural mineral water (GB 8537-2008).Conclusion ICP-MS has a low limit,good accuracy and precision,which is suit for a rapid analysis of multielement.The contents of 18 trace elements in natural mineral waters of Changbai Mountain area consistent with the national health standard of drinking natural mineral water.