新型多功能高空作业平台稳定性分析和尺度综合

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20231257

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为扩大空中可操作范围，提高机构的灵活性，开发了一种带旋转伸缩动力装置的剪叉式高空作业平台。在完成基本尺寸初步设计的基础上，对作业平台抗倾覆稳定性进行了分析。当作业平台旋转至与底板夹角为90°时，通过建立力学模型，以稳定系数法验证了其载荷稳定性，以直角坐标法和瞬时速度中心法计算出作业平台速度和加速度。通过虚功原理得到液压缸推力，并采用遗传算法对下液压缸的铰点位置进行了优化。最后，采用ADAMS软件进行动力学仿真对比分析，并结合作业平台实物加速度和速度测量结果验证了理论计算和仿真结果的正确性。

关键词: 机械工程, 剪叉式高空作业平台, 稳定性, 运动学, 动力学

Abstract:

To increase the operating range and improve the flexibility of the mechanism， a scissor aerial work platform with a rotating and telescopic power device was developed. Based on the preliminary design of the basic dimensions of the scissor aerial work platform， an analysis of the anti-overturning stability was conducted. When the operating platform was rotated to an angle of 90° with the bottom plate， the mechanical model was established to verify its load stability requirements by the stability coefficient method， and the speed and acceleration of the working platform were calculated using the cartesian coordinate method and the instantaneous velocity center method. The hydraulic cylinder thrust was obtained by the principle of virtual work， and the hinge point position of the lower hydraulic cylinder was optimized by genetic algorithm. Finally， dynamic simulation and comparative analysis were performed using ADAMS， and combined with the physical acceleration and velocity measurement results of the work platform， the correctness of the theoretical calculation and simulation results is verified.

Key words: mechanical engineering, scissor aerial platform, stability, kinematics, dynamics

中图分类号:

TH137.331

邬伟骏,吴江波,张家乐,周强,杨乔洪,秦训鹏. 新型多功能高空作业平台稳定性分析和尺度综合[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2024, 54(12): 3450-3459.

Wei-jun WU,Jiang-bo WU,Jia-le ZHANG,Qiang ZHOU,Qiao-hong YANG,Xun-peng QIN. Stability analysis and scale synthesis of new multifunctional aerial work platform[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2024, 54(12): 3450-3459.

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载荷类型	方向	作用点
结构载荷	竖直向下	自下而上第三组剪叉臂中间铰点孔的中心位置
手动操作力	垂直于工作平台左上角与倾覆边线的连线	工作平台左上角上方1.1 m处
风载	水平	工作人员：工作平台上1.1 m处工具材料：工作平台上0.5 m处作业平台：距倾覆边线垂直距离5 m处
测试载荷	水平	倾斜地面：工作平台右上角水平地面：工作平台右上角上方0.3 m处
额定载荷	竖直向下	平台最右端靠近边缘0.l m处

优化	N₁O₁	M₁O₃	液压缸推力F/N
优化前	705	813	39 950
优化后	689	699	38 800

结构件1	结构件2	运动副类型
液压缸	液压缸活塞杆	移动副
液压缸	液压缸铰点销	转动副
工作平台底板滑块	剪叉臂	移动副
工作平台	工作平台底板滑块	转动副
工作平台铰点销	剪叉臂	转动副
剪叉臂	剪叉臂销	转动副
基座滑块	剪叉臂	移动副
基座铰点销	剪叉臂	转动副
基座	地平面	固定副