吉林大学学报(工学版) ›› 2019, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (4): 1092-1099.doi: 10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb20180211

• • 上一篇    

基于最优速度模型的改进安全距离跟驰模型

曲昭伟1(),潘昭天1,陈永恒1(),陶鹏飞1,孙迪2   

  1. 1. 吉林大学 交通学院, 长春 130022
    2. 北京联合大学 城市轨道交通与物流学院，北京 100101
  • 收稿日期:2018-03-09 出版日期:2019-07-01 发布日期:2019-07-16
  • 通讯作者: 陈永恒 E-mail:quzw@jlu.edu.cn;cyh@jlu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:曲昭伟(1962?)，男，教授，博士生导师. 研究方向：交通流理论，交通视频处理，交通控制.E?mail:quzw@jlu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(51705196);北京市教育委员会科技计划面上项目(KM201511417005)

Car⁃following model with improving safety distance based on optimal velocity model

Zhao⁃wei QU1(),Zhao⁃tian PAN1,Yong⁃heng CHEN1(),Peng⁃fei TAO1,Di SUN2   

  1. 1. College of Transportation, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China
    2. School of Urban Rail Transit and Logisitic, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100101, China
  • Received:2018-03-09 Online:2019-07-01 Published:2019-07-16
  • Contact: Yong?heng CHEN E-mail:quzw@jlu.edu.cn;cyh@jlu.edu.cn

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摘要：

针对最优速度（OV）模型及其相关衍生模型（GF,FVD等）假设安全距离恒定的缺陷，提出了基于最优速度模型的改进安全距离跟驰模型，并对本文模型的改进情况进行理论分析。根据本文模型仿真分析了道路车流密度、车辆最大可行驶速度和驾驶员反应延迟时间对交通流稳定性的影响。最后，采用美国NGSIM数据库数据作为样本，通过聚类分析对本文模型进行检验，并与OV模型、GF模型和FVD模型进行对比，结果证明了本文模型的准确性和有效性。

关键词: 交通运输系统工程, 跟驰模型, 数值仿真, 交通流理论

Abstract:

In order to overcome the defect of fixed safety distance in Optimal Velocity (OV) model and its related derivative generalized force (GF) model and full velocity difference (FVD) model, a car-following model with improving safety distance based on the OV model is proposed in this paper. The improvements of the proposed model are analyzed theoretically. Then, according to the proposed model, the simulation frameworks are developed to analyze the impact of three model parameters on traffic flow stability. These parameters are the density of traffic flow on the road, the maximum velocity for driving vehicle and the time of driver's reaction delay. The simulation can truly reproduce the propagation state of traffic flow. Finally, using the data from U.S. NGSIM Database as samples, the accuracy and effectiveness of the model presented in this paper are verified after testing with cluster analysis by comparing with OV model, GF model and FVD model.

Key words: engineering of communications and transportation system, car?following model, numerical simulation, traffic flow theory

中图分类号: 

  • U491.25

图 1

安全距离曲面分析图"

图2

模型参数（V fmax）对道路交通流稳定性影响分析"

图3

模型参数（ρ）对道路交通流稳定性影响分析"

图4

模型参数（ τ ）对道路交通流稳定性影响分析"

表1

检验样本K?means聚类中心及各类样本数量"

类编号 MEAN VAR 类内样本数量
1 19.057 3.4068 1561
2 8.6798 78.062 167
3 8.0471 23.305 381
4 7.353 49.766 284
5 5.0778 2.9554 591

表2

各类样本均方根误差（RMSE）的均值和方差"

类编号 RMSE OV GF FVD MCF
1 MEAN 31.14 31.60 31.17 18.90
VAR 870.56 895.75 871.19 629.49
2 MEAN 39.64 39.97 39.66 33.45
VAR 2444.55 2479.77 2445.07 2255.03
3 MEAN 28.74 29.22 28.77 20.86
VAR 1418.24 1458.84 1418.55 1309.34
4 MEAN 30.36 30.80 30.39 24.37
VAR 1973.46 2047.67 1973.67 1565.88
5 MEAN 36.64 37.94 36.66 21.47
VAR 2174.57 2258.46 2175.35 1747.29
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