基于改进遗传算法的挤扩支盘群桩优化方法

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20210983

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用改进遗传算法对高层建筑的挤扩支盘群桩进行优化设计，将计算得到的群桩桩顶轴力根据大小进行分组，以各组基桩中所含承力盘数量作为遗传算法中的设计变量，建立了以群桩承力盘数量最少为目标函数，将群桩竖向承载力、最大沉降值、沉降差作为约束条件的挤扩支盘群桩优化模型。借助Python语言对ABAQUS进行二次开发，建立挤扩支盘群桩自动优化平台求解上述优化模型，获得最优群桩布置方法。结合算例表明，优化后的挤扩支盘群桩基础在承力盘数目减少的同时能降低差异沉降，使得筏板变形和桩顶受力更为均匀，有利于结构的安全和正常使用。

关键词: 岩土工程, 挤扩支盘桩, 桩基优化, 遗传算法, 变刚度调平

Abstract:

The disk-shaped settlement distribution of pile group may cause secondary stress， which possibly leads to overall tilting and cracking of the building. Therefore， it is necessary to optimize the design of the squeezed branch pile group. Based on this， we took an improved genetic algorithm to refine the method. The calculated top axial force of pile group was grouped according to the sizes， the number of bearing discs in each group of piles were used as the design variables. Then， a model with the minimum-number discs subject to the constraints of the bearing capacity and the maximum settlement and settlement difference was built. With the help of Python language， ABAQUS was developed to establish an automatic optimization platform to solve the above optimization model and obtain the best pile group arrangement. Result shows that the optimized pile group foundation can reduce the number of bearing discs while decreasing the differential settlement， leading to the uniform deformation of the raft slab and pile top forces， which are beneficial to use the structure securely.

Key words: geotechnical engineering, squeezed branch pile, pile foundation optimization, genetic algorithm, variable stiffness leveling

中图分类号:

TU473.1

惠迎新,陈嘉伟. 基于改进遗传算法的挤扩支盘群桩优化方法[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2023, 53(7): 2089-2098.

Ying-xin HUI,Jia-wei CHEN. Squeezed branch pile groups optimization method based on improved genetic algorithm[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2023, 53(7): 2089-2098.

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类别	厚度/m	γ/（kN·m^-3）	E/MPa	ν/kPa	c/kPa	φ/（°）
桩身	-	25.0	3.0×10⁴	0.15	-	-
承台	1.5	25.0	3.15×10⁴	0.15	-	-
土1	3.5	18.0	24.6	0.30	8.2	8.3
土2	5.0	18.5	27.1	0.30	15.4	18.0
土3	15.0	19.0	36.0	0.30	28.0	20.8
土4	20.0	19.3	40.0	0.30	30.0	22.5

承力盘数	G1	G2	G3	G4	G5	G6	G7	G8
设计承力盘数	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4
优化承力盘数	6	4	2	0	0	0	0	0

方案	最大沉降值/mm	最小沉降值/mm	沉降差异值/mm	桩顶轴力最大值/kN	桩顶轴力最小值/kN	桩顶轴力差异值/kN
设计方案	70.1	57.6	12.5	2381.4	1056.6	1324.8
优化方案	72.1	64.5	7.6	1572.3	1154.2	418.1