高速公路声屏障板仿生结构设计及声学力学性能

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20250566

吉林大学学报(工学版) ›› 2025, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (9): 3079-3088.doi: 10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20250566

• 农业工程·仿生工程 • 上一篇

高速公路声屏障板仿生结构设计及声学力学性能

于征磊^1,²(),张超磊²,陈立新²,胡平³(),徐涛³,郭滨恺²

^1.吉林大学汽车仿真与控制国家重点实验室，长春 130022
^2.吉林大学工程仿生教育部重点实验室，长春 130022
^3.环博经纬新材料科技（威海）有限责任公司，山东威海 255000

收稿日期:2025-05-04 出版日期:2025-09-01 发布日期:2025-11-14
通讯作者: 胡平 E-mail:zlyu@jlu.edu.cn;641815930@qq.com
作者简介:于征磊（1984-），男，教授，博士.研究方向：仿生结构设计.E-mail：zlyu@jlu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(52375289);吉林省教育厅博士研究生科研创新能力提升项目(JJKH20250151BS);吉林大学研究生创新研究计划项目(2025CX186)

Bionic structure design and acoustic and mechanical properties of expressway sound barrier panels

Zheng-lei YU^1,²(),Chao-lei ZHANG²,Li-xin CHEN²,Ping HU³(),Tao XU³,Bin-kai GUO²

^1.State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control，Jilin University，Changchun 130022，China
^2.Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering，Ministry of Education，Jilin University，Changchun 130022，China
^3.Huanbo Jingwei New Material Technology （Weihai） Co. ，Ltd. ，Weihai 255000，China

Received:2025-05-04 Online:2025-09-01 Published:2025-11-14
Contact: Ping HU E-mail:zlyu@jlu.edu.cn;641815930@qq.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为解决传统声屏障性能不足的问题，以犰狳外壳与蜂窝结构为仿生原型，设计了两种仿生声屏障板。通过仿真模拟对其性能进行研究分析，并结合现场测试进行验证。结果表明，仿生声屏障板的隔声性能较传统钢板大幅提高。其中，仿生犰狳外壳声屏障板的隔声量达37.711 dB，提升了38.1%。此外，本文对仿生声屏障板的凸尖高度与整体厚度进行了参数化设计。现场测试数据显示，仿生声屏障的插入损失为23.3 dB，较传统声屏障提高了50.3%。该设计实现了隔声性能、力学性能与成本的平衡，为高速公路声屏障板提供了一种新的设计思路与研究方法。

关键词: 工程仿生学, 高速公路, 声屏障, 降噪性能, 有限元仿真, 插入损失

Abstract:

To address the inadequate performance of traditional sound barriers， two bionic sound barrier panels were designed based on the armadillo shell and honeycomb structure as prototypes. The performance of these panels was studied and analyzed through simulation and validated by field testing. The results indicate that the sound insulation performance of the bionic sound barrier panels significantly surpasses that of traditional steel panels. Specifically， the sound insulation of the bionic armadillo shell sound barrier panel reaches 37.711 dB， an increase of 38.1%. Furthermore， in this paper a parametric design was conducted on the height of the protrusions and the overall thickness of the bionic sound barrier panels. Field tests date show that the insertion loss of the bionic sound barrier is 23.3 dB， which is an improvement of 50.3% over traditional sound barriers. This design achieves a balance between sound insulation performance， mechanical performance， and cost， providing a new design concept and research method for highway sound barrier panels.

Key words: engineering bionics, expressway, sound barrier, noise reduction performance, finite element simulation, insertion loss

中图分类号:

TB52

于征磊,张超磊,陈立新,胡平,徐涛,郭滨恺. 高速公路声屏障板仿生结构设计及声学力学性能[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2025, 55(9): 3079-3088.

Zheng-lei YU,Chao-lei ZHANG,Li-xin CHEN,Ping HU,Tao XU,Bin-kai GUO. Bionic structure design and acoustic and mechanical properties of expressway sound barrier panels[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2025, 55(9): 3079-3088.

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风压/Pa	Z=50 mm面法线挠度/mm	Z=40 mm面法线挠度/mm	Z=50 mm最大应力/MPa	Z=40 mm最大应力/MPa
P₁=500	0.289 1	1.411	4.019	5.357
P₂=750	0.432	2.352	6.013	18.210
P₃=1 250	0.723	4.711	10.050	30.350

类型	参考点2	接收点2	参考点1	接收点1	插入损失
新型高速公路声屏障	92.1	75.6	92.3	52.5	23.3
传统高速公路声屏障	92.1	75.6	96.5	64.5	15.5

高速公路声屏障板仿生结构设计及声学力学性能

Bionic structure design and acoustic and mechanical properties of expressway sound barrier panels

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