吉林大学学报(工学版) ›› 2021, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (3): 875-885.doi: 10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb20200055
Guo-zhu CHENG1,2(),Rui CHENG1,Liang XU3,Wen-hui ZHANG1()
摘要:
为了定量评估公路路侧事故风险,有针对性地提出安全改善策略,以减少事故损失,本文引入加速度严重性指数ASI作为乘员伤害指标。利用PC-crash仿真软件构建车辆模型、道路模型及路侧护栏优化模型,通过设置不同车辆驶出速度、圆曲线半径、边坡坡度和路基高度,分别开展载重货车、小型客车在有、无路侧护栏设置情况下的驶入路侧试验,共收集了1500组数据。针对公路直线段和曲线段,分别拟合了基于ASI的载重货车、小型客车乘员伤害评估模型。利用Fisher最优分割算法确定了路侧事故风险合理评价级数及各级对应的ASI阈值,给出了基于ASI的路侧事故风险评价方法,并予以案例验证。最后将载重货车比例引入ASI伤害评估模型中,进行模型改进。研究结果表明:ASI与驶出速度、路基高度呈正线性相关,与边坡坡度呈指数相关,与圆曲线半径呈幂相关;设置路侧护栏能够平均减少约24%~28%的小型客车路侧事故伤害,以及31%~36%的载重货车路侧事故伤害;与小型客车相比,载重货车更倾向于发生严重的路侧事故。
中图分类号:
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