基于自适应观测器的氢内燃机排气流量估计

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20250361

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了精准实时估计内燃机的废气质量流量，提出了一种基于自适应观测器的氢内燃机排气流量估计方法。该方法结合速度密度公式，通过实时自适应估计关键待辨识参数——排气效率，估计内燃机排气流量。首先，根据排气歧管处压强动态模型和排气口处废气质量流量模型建立排气模型；为兼顾信号采集精度与计算资源效率，对建立的排气模型进行离散化处理。其次，设计自适应状态观测器，对其参数进行调整，以确保性能和收敛性。最后，通过自适应观测器估计待辨识参数——排气效率，并根据废气速度密度公式计算得出气缸的废气流量。GT-SUITE与Simulink联合仿真结果表明，本文方法在稳态和瞬态工作过程中均具有良好的性能表现。

关键词: 控制理论与控制工程, 氢内燃机, 对置活塞二冲程内燃机, 废气流量估计, 自适应观测器

Abstract:

To enable accurate and real-time estimation of exhaust mass flow rate in internal combustion engines， a hydrogen internal combustion engine exhaust flow estimation method based on adaptive observer was proposed. By combining the velocity density formula， the exhaust efficiency of the internal combustion engine was estimated through real-time adaptive estimation of key parameters to be identified. Firstly， an exhaust model was established based on the pressure dynamics model at the exhaust manifold and the mass flow model of exhaust gas at the exhaust outlet. To balance signal acquisition accuracy and computational resource efficiency， the established exhaust model was discretized. Then， an adaptive state observer was designed， and its parameters were adjusted to ensure performance and convergence. Finally， the exhaust efficiency of the parameter to be identified was estimated through an adaptive observer， and the exhaust gas flow rate of the cylinder was calculated based on the exhaust gas velocity density formula. The co-simulation results using GT-SUITE and Simulink demonstrate that the proposed method exhibits good performance in both steady-state and transient operating conditions.

Key words: control theory and control engineering, hydrogen internal combustion engine, opposed-piston two-stroke engine, exhaust gas flow estimation, adaptive observer

中图分类号:

TP273

孙鹏远,陈国栋,张慧峰,陈伟轩,刘帅. 基于自适应观测器的氢内燃机排气流量估计[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2025, 55(9): 2837-2846.

Peng-yuan SUN,Guo-dong CHEN,Hui-feng ZHANG,Wei-xuan CHEN,Shuai LIU. Adaptive observer⁃based estimation of exhaust gas flow in hydrogen internal combustion engines[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2025, 55(9): 2837-2846.

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