构树收获割台设计与试验

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20211057

Abstract

Abstract:

Aiming at the current situation that the state strongly advocates farmers to plant forage Broussonetia papyrifera， but there is a lack of suitable harvesting machinery in China， this paper combines the harvesting characteristics of Broussonetia papyrifera， guided by the moving track of hob， the limit value of cutting stubble height of Broussonetia papyrifera and the requirements of conveying roller for stem grasping， and takes neat stubble without splitting， low complete harvest loss and smooth branch and leaf grasping and conveying as the technical requirements， a hob rotary mechanical harvesting header for Broussonetia papyrifera was developed. According to the box Behnken experimental design method， the regression model of the number of hobs， hob speed and machine forward speed on the consistency of stubble height and harvest loss rate is constructed. The response surface method is used to analyze various factors and their interaction laws， and the parameters of the regression model are optimized. The optimal parameter combination is obtained as the number of hobs 3， hob speed 889.673 r/min and machine forward speed 4.138 km/h， the consistency of stubble height was 96.482%， and the harvest loss rate was 0.686%. The verification test is carried out under the optimal parameter combination. The results show that the consistency of stubble height is 97.12%， the harvest loss rate is 0.67%， and the test value is close to the predicted value. This study can provide a reference for the design of mulberry harvester.

Key words: agricultural mechanization, header, broussonetia papyrifera, harvesting machinery

CLC Number:

S225.8

Duan-yang GENG,Xiao-qi JI,Xiao-dong MOU,Hua-biao LI,Hao-lin YANG,Yan-chun YAO,Ji-da WU. Design and experiment of harvesting and cutting table of Broussonetia papyrifera[J].Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2023, 53(7): 2152-2164.

Figures/Tables 20

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参数	数值
结构形式	自走式
整机尺寸（长×宽×高）/mm	6360×3050×4130
工作幅宽/mm	2200
初级茎秆输送装置转速/（r·min^-1）	1145
次级茎秆输送装置转速/（（r·min^-1）	1716
配套动力/kW	118
导向轮轮距/mm	1910
驱动轮轮距/mm	1810

水平	滚刀片数X₁	滚刀转速X₂/（r·min^-1）	机器前进速度X₃/（km·h^-1）
1	2	850	4
0	3	900	4.5
-1	4	950	5

试验序号	试验因素水平			割茬高度一致性S_K/%	收获损失率S_L/%
试验序号	X₁	X₂	X₃	割茬高度一致性S_K/%	收获损失率S_L/%
1	-1	-1	0	95.45	1.16
2	1	-1	0	96.78	2.27
3	-1	1	0	96.45	1.46
4	1	1	0	97.02	1.87
5	-1	0	-1	96.54	1.25
6	1	0	-1	96.43	1.67
7	-1	0	1	95.12	1.07
8	1	0	1	96.89	2.17
9	0	-1	-1	96.08	0.94
10	0	1	-1	96.53	1.15
11	0	-1	1	95.12	1.37
12	0	1	1	96.41	0.98
13	0	0	0	96.59	0.70
14	0	0	0	96.54	0.67
15	0	0	0	96.55	0.65
16	0	0	0	96.47	0.73
17	0	0	0	96.68	0.78

变异来源	离均差平方和	自由度	均方	F值	P值
模型	5.11	9	0.57	62.13	< 0.0001***
X₁	1.58	1	1.58	173.35	< 0.0001***
X₂	1.11	1	1.11	121.47	< 0.0001***
X₃	0.52	1	0.52	56.92	0.0001***
X₁X₂	0.14	1	0.14	15.80	0.0054**
X₁X₃	0.88	1	0.88	96.69	< 0.0001***
X₂X₃	0.18	1	0.18	19.30	0.0032**
X₁²	5.012×10^-3	1	5.01×10^-3	0.55	0.4831
X₂²	0.13	1	0.13	14.19	0.0070**
X₃²	0.53	1	0.53	58.23	0.0001***
残差	0.064	7	9.13×10^-3
失拟	0.040	3	0.013	2.26	0.2233
纯误差	0.024	4	5.93×10^-3
总和	5.17	16

变异来源	离均差平方和	自由度	均方	F值	P值
模型	4.20	9	0.47	277.30	< 0.0001***
X₁	1.16	1	1.16	687.03	< 0.0001***
X₂	9.800×10^-3	1	9.800×10^-3	5.83	0.0465*
X₃	0.042	1	0.042	25.01	0.0016**
X₁X₂	0.12	1	0.12	72.85	< 0.0001***
X₁X₃	0.12	1	0.12	68.75	< 0.0001***
X₂X₃	0.090	1	0.090	53.53	0.0002***
X₁²	2.10	1	2.10	1251.69	< 0.0001***
X₂²	0.32	1	0.32	192.14	< 0.0001***
X₃²	0.068	1	0.068	40.39	0.0004***
残差	0.012	7	1.681×10^-3
失拟	1.250×10^-3	3	4.167×10^-4	0.16	0.9190
纯误差	0.011	4	2.630×10^-3
总和	4.21	16

Design and experiment of harvesting and cutting table of Broussonetia papyrifera

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