Objective To measure the effects of Akt combined with ionizing radiation on the apoptosis, autophagy and proliferation in the breast cancer MCF-7 cells, and to explore the role of radiotherapy of breast cancer using Akt as a target. Methods The Akt protein expressions in MCF-7, Akt-MCF-7 (Akt over-expression) and Akt-RNAi-MCF-7 (Akt low-expression) cells were detected by Western blotting method after irradiated by 4 Gy X-rays, the apoptotic rates were measured by FCM with AnnexinⅤ-FITC and PI staining, the autopahgic cell percentages were measured by fluorescence microscope with MDC staining, and the cell proliferation activities were detected by MTT assay. Results Compared with MCF-7 cells, the Akt protein expression in Akt-MCF-7 cells was increased, but it was decreased in Akt-RNAi-MCF-7 cells. Compared with MCF-7 group, the apoptotic rates and autophagic percentages in MCF-7+4 Gy, Akt-MCF-7+4 Gy and Akt-RNAi-MCF-7+4 Gy groups were increased significantly (P<0.05 or P<0.01), especially in Akt-RNAi-MCF-7+4 Gy group; compared with MCF-7+4 Gy group, the apoptotic rate and autophagic percentage in Akt-MCF-7+4 Gy group were decreased significantly (P<0.05 or P<0.01), but they were increased significantly in Akt-RNAi-MCF-7+4 Gy group (P<0.05 or P<0.01).Compared with MCF-7 group, the cell proliferation activities in MCF-7+4 Gy group, Akt-MCF-7+4 Gy group and Akt-RNAi-MCF-7+4 Gy group were significantly decreased at different time points(P<0.05 or P<0.01), especially in Akt-RNAi-MCF-7+4 Gy group.Compared decreased with MCF-7+4 Gy group, the cell proliferation activity in Akt-MCF-7+4 Gy group was significantly increased at 24 h (P<0.05), while the cell proliferation activities in Akt-RNAi-MCF-7+4 Gy group were significantly decreased at different time points (P<0.01). Conclusion Akt over-expression can significantly reduce the apoptosis, autophagy and proliferation in MCF-7 cells induced by ionizing radiation, but Akt low-expression has opposite role.

Objective To explore the effects of pigment epithelium derived factor(PEDF) on the proliferation, apoptosis and invasion of lung squamous cell carcinoma SK-MES-1 cells, and to interpret the relationships between PEDF and the carcinogenesis and progression of lung squamous cell carcinoma. Methods The SK-MES-1 cells were primarily cultured.The cells without PEDF were usded as negative control group, the cells in PEDF intervention groups were treated with 180, 360, and 720 nmol·L^-1 PEDF.The inhibitory rates of proliferation of SK-MES-1 cells were observed by MTT assay, the number of SK-MES-1 cells penetrating the membrane in negative control group and 720 nmol·L^-1 PEDF group were determined by cell invasion experiment, the morphology of SK-MES-1 cells was observed by inverted microscope, and the apoptotic rates were detected by flow cytometry. Results The inhibitory rates of proliferation of SK-MES-1 cells in PEDF intervention groups were higer than that in negative control group(P<0.01), and there were statistics differences among the PEDF groups(P<0.05).The cells in negative control group grew well, but the morphological changes of the cells in intervention groups were obvious.The number of the cells penetrating the membrane in 720 nmol·L^-1 PEDF intervention group (31.6±15.8) was lower than that in negative control group (75.4±19.3)(P<0.01).The apoptotic rates of SK-MES-1 cells were increased with the increasing of PEDF doses, and there were significant differences between different doses of PEDF intervention groups and negative control group (P<0.05). Conclusion PEDF inhibits the proliferation or invasion and promotes the apoptosis of SK-MES-1 cells, and play an effect of inhibiting the growth and metastasis of lung squamous cell carcinoma.PEDF may be a potent factor for the prognosis and treatment of lung squamous cell carcinoma.

Objective To build the rat allergic rhinitis(AR) model with OVA, and to investigate the role of TLR subunits 2 and 4 in the pathogenesis of AR in rats. Methods 80 rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, AR+LPS group and AR+PGN group(n=20).The morphological changes of nasal mucosa tissue and the number of inflammatory cells and infiltration were observed by HE staining.The expression levels of TLR2, TLR4 and IgE in nasal mucosa tissue were measured with immunohistochemical method.Realtime-PCR was used to evaluate the expression levels of TLR2 mRNA and TLR4 mRNA in the nasal mucosa tissue of the rats in various groups. Results Compared with normal control group, the scores of nasal symptoms and the number of inflammatory cells in model group, AR+LPS group and AR+PGN group were significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with normal group, the allergic injury of nasal mucosa of the rats in model group was obvious;the eosinophil count and the expression levels of TLR2, TLR4 and IgE in model group were significantly increased(P<0.05), while the neutrophil count was significantly increased in LPS group(P<0.05).Compared with model group, the expression levels of TLR4 and IgE in AR+LPS group were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the expression levels of TLR2 and IgE in AR+PGN group were significantly increased (P<0.05). Conclusion Intraperitoneal injection and local nasal of OVA could effectively build AR model;TLR2 and TLR4 play an important role in the pathogenesis of AR.

Objective To study the influence of protein kinase Pkmyt1 on the development of one-cell stage mouse embryos by the means of overexpression of Pkmyt1-wild type (WT) mRNAs, and to pay foundation for further study on the mechanism of the early development of mouse embryos. Methods pcDNA3.1/myc-Pkmyt1-WT was constructed and one-cell-stage mouse embryos were collected after superovulation, and the embryos were cultured in vitro and divided into control group(no injection), TE buffer microinjection group and Pkmyt1-WT mRNAs-injected group.The protein expression levels of Pkmyt1 and the phosphorylation status of Cdc2-pTyr15 were observed by Western blotting method.The morphological changes and cleavage rates of mouse embryos were observed under phase-contrast microscope. Results pcDNA3.1/myc-Pkmyt1-WT was constructed successfully.The Pkmyt1 protein expression level was increased at 4 h after Pkmyt1-WT-mRNAs microinjection into one-cell stage mouse embryos (1.112±0.025)compared with no injection group(0.414±0.016) and TE buffer injection group(0.441±0.013)(P<0.01).The cleavage rate of one-cell-stage mouse embryos in Pkmyt1-WT mRNAs group (34.2%±3.25%) was significantly lower than those in no injection group(60.81%±3.27%) and TE buffer injection group(61.79%±4.08%)(P<0.01).The cdc2-pTyr15 phosphorylation signal in Pkmyt1-WT-mRNA-injected group was detected at 29.0 h after hCG injection, and there was no signal at 29.5 h. Conclusion Overexpression of Pkmyt1 phosphorylates Cdc2-pTyr15, thus inhibits the cleavage rate of one-cell-stage mouse embryos, suggesting that Pkmyt1 negatively regulates mitosis during early embryogenesis in mouse embryos.

Objective To explore the inhibition of the expression of JNK1 in mouse hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines and cell migration and invasion mediated by ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction (UTMD), and to clarify its mechanism. Methods The best short hairpin RNA(shRNA) vector was established and screened.The hepatocellular cell line Hca-F were cultured in vitro and divided into normal Hca-F cells group, shRNA plasmid group, and lipofection group, ultrasound microbubbles combined with ultrasound irradiation group, lipofection combined with ultrasound microbubbles and ultrasound irradiation group.The transfection rates were observed by inverted flurescence microscope.The expression levels of JNK1 mRNA and protein were detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR and Western blotting method.The activities of the cells in varions groups were detected by CCK-8 method.The abilities of migration in vitro of the cells in various groups were detected by Transwell assay. Results The transfection rate of the cells in lipofection combined with ultrasound microbubbles and ultrasound irradiation group was higher than those in shRNA plasmid group, lipofection group and ultrasound microbubbles combined with ultrasound irradiation group (all P<0.05);there was no signifant difference between lipofection group and ultrasound microbubbles combined with ultrasound irradiation group (P>0.05).The expression levels of JNK1 mRNA and protein in lipofection combined with ultrasound microbubbles and ultrasound irradiation group were lower than those in other groups (all P<0.05). The cell activity and the average amount of the cells passed the membrane in lipofection combined with ultrasound microbubbles and ultrasound irradiation group were lower than those in other groups (all P<0.05). Conclusion Combination of lipofection and UTMD in mouse hepatocellular cell lines can improve the transfection rate of JNK1 shRNA, therefore enhance the inhibitory effects on gene expression, the cell activity, migration and invasion.

Objective To detect the expressions of voltage-gated chloride channel 3(ClC-3) in the trabecular meshwork of the rats, and to investigate its possible role in the pathogenesis of glaucoma. Methods The anterior chamber of right eyes of 30 healthy male rats were injected with sodium hyaluronate once a week for ten weeks to set up high intraocular pressure models;the left eyes were used as the blank control.The eye IOP were measured and recorded by Tono-Pen XL after anesthesia and before the injection of sodium hyaluronate.Then the rats were divided into normal control group, sodium hyaluronate injection 3 weeks group and sodium hyaluronate injection 10 weeks group.The trabecular meshwork tissue of the rats in the three groups were taken to detect the ClC-3 gene mRNA levels by RT-PCR method, and to detect the expression levels of ClC-3 protein by immunohistochemical method. Results The IOP of right eyes at 1 week, 3 weeks and 10 weeks after injection of sodium hyaluronate were higher than before injection(P<0.01).The IOP of right eyes at 1 week after injection was increased slightly, and was significantly increased at 3 weeks after injection, but did not reach to the high intraocular pressure model standard.The IOP of right eyes at 10 week after injection was significantly higher than before injection and reached to the high intraocular pressure model standard.The RT-PCR results showed that the ClC-3 gene mRNA expression level in the trabecular meshwork of the rats in sodium hyaluronate injection 3 weeks group was increased compared with normal control group(t=7.88, P<0.05);the ClC-3 gene mRNA expression level in the trabecular meshwork of the rats in sodium hyaluronate injection 10 weeks group was reduced compared with normal control group(t=15.93, P<0.05).The immunohistochemistry results showed that the ClC-3 protein expressions in the trabecular meshwork tissue of the rats in three groups were all positive;the ClC-3 protein expression of the rats in sodium hyaluronate injection 3 weeks group was increased compared with normal control group, and the ClC-3 protein expression of the rats in sodium hyaluronate injection 10 weeks group was reduced compared with normal control group. Conclusion ClC-3 can express in the trabecular tissue of the rats, and ClC-3 may be associated with the pathological regulation of trabecular meshwork, then paticipates in the pathogenesis of glaucoma.

Objective To construct the recombinant adenovirus vector of mouse MafB gene, and to elucidate the influence of MafB in osteoclast differentiation. Methods The total RNA of RAW264.7 cells in mouse was extracted and reversedly transcripted to cDNA, and the target gene MafB was obtained by RT-PCR with cDNA as template.The MafB gene was connected to shuttle vector pAdTrack-CMV and linearized with PmeⅠ and transfected to competent E.coli BJ5183 containing pADEasy-1.The adenovirus Ad-MafB in HEK 293 cells was amplified after linearization with Pac Ⅰ and the RAW264.7 cells were infected.The RAW264.7 cells were devided into control group, empty-vector group(Ad-GFP group) and over-expression group(Ad-MafB group).The expression levels of MafB were detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting method.TRAP staining was applied to observe the osteoclast differentiation and maturation.RT-PCR and Western blotting method were applied to detect the expression of TRAP and cathepsin K(CTSK). Results Compared with control group and Ad-GFP group, the expression levels of MafB mRNA and protein in Ad-MafB group were increased(P<0.05).The TRAP staining results showed that the number of TRAP-positive cells in Ad-MafB group was less than those in control group and Ad-GFP group.Compared with control group and Ad-GFP group, the expression levels of TRAP and CTSK mRNA and proteins in Ad-MafB group were decreased(P<0.05). Conclusion The recombinant adenovirus Ad-MafB over expressing MafB in mouse RAW264.7 cells is successfully constructed, and it can inhibit the differentiation of osteoclasts.

Objective To study the influence of betulin in the proliferation and apoptosis of human colon cancer SW480 cells, and to explore its related mechanism. Methods The SW480 cells were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium and used in this experiment after passages.The SW480 cells were divided into control group and different doses (1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100 mg·L^-1) of betulin groups.MTT colorimetric assay was used to determine the inhibitory rates of proliferation of SW480 cells in various groups.The morphological changes of SW480 cells were detected by DAPI staining after treated with 15 mg·L^-1 betulin for different time(6, 12, 24 h).The apoptotic cells were quantified by flow cytometry (FCM);the activities of caspase-3, caspase-8 and caspase-9 were determined through Caspase Assay in vitro;Western blotting method was used to detect the breakage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and the protein expression of Bcl-2, Bcl-xL and cytochrome C. Results The MTT results showed that the inhibitory rates of proliferation of SW480 cells were gradually increased with the increasing of betulin dose (1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100 mg·L^-1) in a dose-dependent manner compared with control group(P<0.05 or P<0.01).The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) of SW480 cells were 12.875 mg·L^-1.The typical morphological changes of apoptosis were observed in SW480 cells with DAPI staining after induction in 15 mg·L^-1 betulin group such as membrane bubbles, chromatin condensation, nuclear condensation and deformation, especially at 12 or 24 h;compared with control group, the number of normal cells in the experimental group (12, 24 h)was reduced.The FCM results showed the percentage of cells at sub-G₁ arrest in 15 mg·L^-1 betulin group was increased compared with control group.Compared with control group, the activities of caspase-3 and caspase-9 were significantly increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01).The Western blotting method results showed that poly- (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) was cleaved in 15 mg·L^-1 betulin group, the expression of apoptotic protein Bcl-xL was down-regulated, and the expression of cytochrome C was up-regulated, but the expression of Bcl-2 had no changes. Conclusion Betulin can inhibit the proliferation and induce the apoptosis of SW480 cells.This effect may be related to Bcl-xL degradation through caspase-9 related mitochondrial-dependent signal pathway.

Objective To study the effects of low-dose radiation (LDR) combined with adriamycin(ADM) on the growth of transplantation tumor cells, hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expressions in transplantation tumor tissue of breast cancer-bearing nude mice, and to clarify the mechanism of enhancing anti-tumor effect of LDR combined with ADM. Methods Twenty-four breast cancer-bearing nude mice were divided into sham irradiation group(0 mGy), LDR group(75 mGy), ADM group and LDR-6h-ADM group (administed with ADM 6 h after LDR).The tumor weight was measured, the inhibitory rate of tumor was calculated, the morphology of tumor tissue was observed by light microscope, and the HIF-1α and VEGF expressions were detected with immunohistochemistry method. Results Compared with sham irradiation group, the mean tumor weights of the mice in other groups were decreased apparently(P<0.05). The mean tumor weight of the mice in LDR-6h-ADM group was the lowest, but had no significant differences when compared with LDR group and ADM group (P>0.05).The inhibitory rate of tumor of the mice in LDR-6h-ADM group was significantly higher than those in ADM group and LDR group (P<0.05).The pathological results showed that the cancer cells could be seen in each group, necrosis of cancer cells could be seen in LDR-6h-ADM group, the cancer tissue's interstitial was loose, and its extent of necrosis in cancer cells was significant compared with ADM and LDR groups.Compared with sham irradiation group, the mean gray values of HTF-1α and VEGF expressions in tumor tissue of mice were increased apparently in other groups (P<0.05). Conclusion LDR combined with ADM can enhance the body's anti-tumor effect, and the effect may be related to reducing the expressions of HIF-1α and VEGF, improving the hypoxia of tumor and inhibiting the formation of tumor angiogenesis.

Objective To observe the effects of leptin on the proliferation and apoptosis of the breast carcinoma MCF-7 cells, and to explore the mechanism. Methods The MCF-7 cells at logarithm growth phase were selected and randomly divided into control group and different doses (20, 40, 80 μg·L^-1) of leptin groups.The proliferation rates of the MCF-7 cells in various groups were determined by CCK8 assay kit;the apoptotic rates of the MCF-7 cells in various groups were analyzed by flow cytometry;the mRNA and protein expressions of bcl-2 and bax of the MCF-7 cells in various groups were detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting methods;the protein expressions of p-AKT and bcl-2 in the MCF-7 cells in different cell signaling pathway inhibitor treatment groups were tested by Western blotting method. Results Compared with control group, the proliferation rates of the MCF-7 cells in leptin groups were increased in a dose-dependent manner(P<0.05);the apoptotic rates of the MCF-7 cells in leptin groups were decreased(P<0.05);the mRNA and protein expression levels of bax in the MCF-7 cells in leptin groups were decreased(P<0.05), and the mRNA and protein expression levels of bcl-2 were increased(P<0.05);compared with leptin group, the protein expressions of p-AKT and bcl-2 in PI3K-AKT inhibitor LY294002 group were markedly decreased(P<0.05). Conclusion Leptin can increase the proliferation and inhibit the apoptosis of breast carcinoma MCF-7 cells, and the mechanism of anti-apoptosis may be releted to the up-regulation of bcl-2 via PI3K-AKT signaling pathway.

Objective To use small interfering RNA (siRNA) to silence the expression of CD40 molecule in dendritic cells (DCs), and to observe its effect on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in the rats. Methods A highly efficient siRNA carrier and eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3-CD40 were designed and synthesized, and they were transfected into DCs of the rats respectively to build the inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) models in the rats.18 Wistar rats were divided into control group, intervention group and overexpression group .All rats models were built using trinitro-benzene -sulfonic acid(TNBS).After successful construction, the rats in control group were injected intraperitoneally with normal saline, the rats in intervention group were injected intraperitoneally with interference expression vector, and the rats in overexpression group were injected intraperitoneally with pcDNA3-CD40.The clinical symptoms such as diarrhea and mucopurulent bloody stool were observed after 15 d. Results The interference expression vector was constructed successfully.The expression levels of CD40 mRNA and protein in DCs were both reduced detected by PCR and Western blotting method.The transfected DCs were successfully acted on model rats.The clinical symptoms such as diarrhea, mucus purulent blood in intervention group were improved significantlycompared with control group.The symptoms such as diarrhea and mucopurulent bloody stool were deteriorated in overexpression group, of which two rats were dead. Conclusion The intervened expression of CD40 in DCs with siRNA has a therapeutic effect on IBD in rats.

Objective To explore the protective effects of 17-β estradiol(E2) on the apoptosis of cultured retinal ganglion cells(RGC-5 cells) induced by pressure, and to clarify its mechanism. Methods The RGC-5 cells were divided into control group, 80 mmHg pressure group and 80 mmHg pressure combined with E2 group.The cells at logarithmic growth phase were used in the experiment.The cell viabilities in various groups were determined by MTT assay.The apoptotic morphology of the cells in various groups was determined by Hoe33342 staining.The expression levels of bax, bcl-2, P53, iASPP, and cleaved-caspase-3were determined by Western blotting method. Results The MTT assay showed that compared with control group, the viabilities of the RGC-5 cells in pressure group and pressure combined with E2 group were decreased(P<0.05); compared with pressure group, the viability of the RGC-5 cells in pressure combined with E2 was increased(P<0.05).The results of cell staining showed that compared with pressure group, the chromatin condensation and formation of apoptotic bodies in the RGC-5 cells in pressure combined with E2 group were decreased.The Western blotting results showed that compared with control group, the expression levels of bax, P53 and cleaved-caspase-3 were increased(P<0.05), the expression levels of bcl-2 and iASPP were decreased(P<0.05) in the RGC-5 cells in pressure group and pressure combined with E2 group;compared with pressure group, the expression levels of bax, P53 and cleaved-caspase-3 were decreased(P<0.05), and the expression levels of bcl-2 and iASPP were increased(P<0.05) in the RGC-5 cells in pressure combined with E2 group. Conclusion E2 has the protective effects on the RGC-5 cells and could decrease the apoptosis of RGC-5 cells under pressure loading condition.

Objective To observe the effects of exogenous expression of VEGF165b on the viability, migrationrate and invasion ability of human bladder cancer T24 cells, and to explore the infulence of VEGF165b in the bilogical features of human bladder cancer cells. Methods The VEGF165b expression vector pcNDA-VEGF165b was constructed.The T24 cells were divided into T24 cells group (control), pcDNA3.0 group (transfected by pcDNA3.0 plasmid) and pcDNA-VEGF165b group (transfected by pcDNA-VEGF165b plasmid).The viability of T24 cells was detected by MTT assay;Western blotting method was used to determine the expressions of VEGF165b, matrix metalloproteinase-2(MMP-2) and matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9) proteins.Transwell assay was used to detect the rate of cell migration and invasive ability. Results Compared with T24 cells group, the expression levels of VEGF165b, MMP-2 and MMP-9 proteins in the T24 cells in pcDNA3.0 grouphad no significant differences (P>0.05). Compared with T24 cells group or pcDNA3.0 group, the expression level of VEGF165b protein in the T24 cells in pcDNA-VEGF165b group was significantly increased(P<0.05), and the expression levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 proteins were significantly decreased(P<0.05).The cell viabilities of T24 cells had no significant difference between three groups (P>0.05).Compared with T24 cells group (migration rate 100%), the migration rate of the T24 cells in pcDNA3.0 group (97.2%±7.8%) had no significant difference(P>0.05), but the migration rate in pcDNA-VEGF165b group was decreased significantly (63.5%±10.4%)(P<0.05). Compared with T24 cells group (70.8±8.5), the number of transferred T24 cells in pcDNA3.0 group (66.3±11.2) had no significant difference(P>0.05), but in pcDNA-VEGF165b group (23.5±7.3) it was decreased significantly (P<0.05). Conclusion Exogenous expression of VEGF165b in the T24 cells has no significant effect on the proliferation of T24 cells, but it can reduce the migration and invasion abilities significantly.

Objective To observe the immune responses of BALB/c mice after immunized by recombinant vaccine Bifidobacterium bifidum of Schistosoma japonicum in different ways for different time, and to explore the immune mechanism of the vaccines. Methods 88 BALB/c mice were randomly divided into two groups, 44 mice in each group, and they were subcutaneously (SC group) and intranasally(IN group) immunized, respectively.Four mice selected randomly from each group were sacrificed every 2 week during 0-20 weeks after immunization, and the splenocytes of them were isolated under sterile condition.The proliferation ability of splenocytes was investigated by MTT colorimetric assay;the subsets of CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells and apoptotic rates of splenocyts were detected by FACsort flow cytometry, and the IFN-γ, IL-10 and IL-17 expression levels in supernatant of splenocytes were determined by ELISA method. Results Compared with 0 week, the proliferation acitivity of the splenocytes in SC group peaked at the 8th week;and reached the maximum at the 4th week after immunization in IN group(P<0.05).The CD4⁺ subsets reached the peak at the 8th week(P<0.05) in both groups;while the CD8⁺ subsets reached the maximum at the 8th week in SC group and at the 6th week in IN group respectively, but there was no significant difference (P> 0.05).Compared with 0 week, the apoptotic rates of splenocytes peaked at the 2th week in SC group and at the 4th week in IN group(P<0.05).Compared with 0 week, the level of IFN-γ in supernatant of splenocytes peaked at the 2th week in both groups(P<0.05).The levels of IL-17 in SC group and IN group reached the peak at the 14th and 12th week respectively( P<0.05).Between IN group and SC group, all the indexes above had no statistically significant differences(P>0.05). Conclusion The rBb (pGEX-Sj26GST) vaccine may play a protective immune response in both ways, which mainly induce Th1 immune response, and the responses have no significant differences between IN and SC groups.

Objective To study the therapeutic effect of small interfering RNA (siRNA) interference to silence STAT3 on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in the rats, to evaluate the effectiveness, and to provide experimental basis for the gene therapy of RA. Methods The RA models of rats(CIA) were constructed by chickenⅡcollagen induced method.There were four groups in this experiment: normal group (the rats without arthritis), model group (the rats with arthritis but without treatment), negative control group (the rats with RA with messy coded RNA) and treatment group (the rats with RA with STAT3 specifically coded interference siRNA ).Both siRNA were entrapped into lentiviral particles and were injected into the rats' joints.The general situations of the rats were observed and the pathological degrees of the joints were recorded every 7 days and the pathological section of the rat joints were observed;the rats were sacrificed on the 35th day and the pathological sections of the joints were scored.RT-PCR method was used to detect the STAT3 mRNA expression levels after siRNA interference and the expression levels of STAT3 protein in synovial tissue of the rats were detected by Western blotting method. Results The clinical and morphological appearance of the rats in treatment group was significantly lightened compared with model group and negative control group.Compared with normal group, the expression levels of STAT3 mRNA and protein in synovial tissue in model group and negative control group were significantly increased(P<0.01), and the expression levels of STAT3 mRNA and protein in treatment group had no significant difference(P>0.05);there was no significant difference between model group and negative control group (P>0.05).Compared with model group, the expression levels of STAT3 mRNA and protein in synovial tissue of the rats in treatment group were significantly decreased (P<0.05). Conclusion Local injection of siRNA can block the expression of STAT3, and thus can make significant improvements in pathological manifestations in the joints of RA rats.The mechanism may be related to the reduction of the expression levels of STAT3 mRNA and protein.

Objective To study the protective effect of Fufang KuQiaomai (FFKQ) on the myocardial injury of the diabetic rats, and to charity its mechanism. Methods The diabetic rat models were established by intraperitoneal injecting streptozotocin (STZ).The diabetic rats were divided into model group, FFKQ group and benazepril group;at the same time, normal control group was set up.The body weight (BW), cardiac index (HWI), heart rate (HR), left ventricular systolic blood pressure (LVSP), left ventricular diastolic pressure (LVEDP) and ±dp/dt_max of the rats in various groups were measured 8 weeks after treatment.The levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) in serum were detected;the malondialdehyde(MDA), superoxide dismutase(SOD) and glutathion peroxidase(GSH-Px) activities in myocardium tissue were measured to evaluate lipid metabolism. Results Compared with normal control group, the FBG, HWI, LVEDP, TG, TC and MDA of the rats in model group were increased(P<0.01);the BW, LVSP, HR, ±dp/dt_max, SOD and PSH-Px activities of the rats in model group were decreased(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Compared with model group, the FBG, HWI, LVEDP and MDA of the rats in FFKQ and benazepril groups were decreased(P<0.05 or P<0.01);the BW, LVSP, HR, ±dp/dt_max, SOD and PSH-Px activities were increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01), but all the indexes above of the rats had no significant differences between FFKQ and benazepril groups(P>0.05).The morphology of myocardium tissue of the rats in model group exhibited that the cardiac muscle fibers was confused and the cardiac muscle cells were spargosis, but FFKQ and benazepril improved the morphology of myocardium tissue of the diabetic rats. Conclusion FFKQ exerts a certain protective effect on cardiac injury of the diabetic rats through inhibiting lipid metabolism.

Objective To measure the fluoride releasing and recharging abilities of Nano fluorine-containing high strength composite, and to find the most effective fluoride recharging method in vitro experiments. Methods Three experimental groups containing three kinds of Nano fluorine-containing high strength composites(10%, 20%, 30%) were set up and the glass ionomer cement(GIC, Fuji Ⅸ) was considered as positive control group.These materials were made into special style(5 mm diameter and 2 mm depth) and then were placed into deionized water (DW).The initial fluoride ion release of five samples which were randomly selected from each group was measured every day using a fluoride-ion specific electrode, and the process lasted for one month.Then non-fluoride-releasing composites(Tetric N-Ceram, Universal type, Neofil, Spectrum TPH) were considered as negative control group, and were also prepared respectively for 18 samples.Each specimen of the eight restorative materials was subjected to six different treatments to simulate a fluoride recharge:Duraphat, FLUORX Fluor Protector, Copal Fluoride Varnish, Fluoride Foam Type A, Fluoride Foam Type C, 1%NaF solution.After topical fluoride treatment, each specimen was submitted to fluoride release tests.The data were analyzed using ANOVA. Results During the initial period for each group, the fluoride release was peaked at the first day, decreased rapidly at the second day, and then kept relatively stable at the 5th-30th day.The overall cumulative amount of fluoride release: FujiⅨ > 30% fluoride-containing composite > 20% fluoride-containing composite > 10% fluoride-containing composite.The difference was significant (P<0.05) among each group expect the 10% and 20% fluoride-containing composites.After topical fluoride treatment, the amount of fluoride ion release of FujiⅨ was higher than the other composites(P<0.01).The amount of fluoride ion release of 30% fluoride-containing composite was higher than the other non-fluoride-releasing composites(P<0.05).The overall cumulative fluoride ion release after Fluoride Foam Type A treatment was higher than other treatments(P<0.05). Conclusion Nano fluorine-containing high strength composite has the potential for releasing and recharging fluoride and the ability of fluoride ion releasing and recharging for 30% fluoride-containing composite is the most strongest.In addition, Fluoride Foam Type A is more effective in recharging fluoride than the others.

Objective To prepare the clindamycin-loaded sustained release microspheres with poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) which have good biodegradability, and to investigate its related properties. Methods The clindamycin-loaded PLGA microsheres were prepared by emulsion-solvent evaporation method. Then the morphology and particle size distribution of clindamylin-PLGA microsheres were detected. And two factors affecting entrapment rate of microspheres, including the rate of PLGA/dichloromethane(P/D) and PLGA/clindamycin (P/C), were investigated.In addition, the clindamycin-PLGA was dispersed in dissolve medium and oscillated at 37℃.Then the solution at different time was taken.Kirby-Bauer method was used to observe the ability of bacteriostasis by measuring the bacteriostatic ring size at different time. Results The acquired PLGA microspheres containing drugs exhibited well-defined properties, with the even and uniform sphere in appearance, general particles without adhesion, at the mean diameter of 700 nm mostly. The optimal ratio of P/D was 80/1 and P/C was 5/1, and the entrapment rate obtained was 45.02%.Moreover the antibacterial effect was very obvious on the initial release, followed by a prolonged release from days 3 to 19.The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was reached on day 20. Conclusion Clindamycin-PLGA microspheres with good morphology and high encapsulation efficiency can be obtained using optimized formulation.The microspheres have a good antimicrobial effect in vivo through a long period of sustained release of drugs.

Objective To investigate the repair effect of neural stem cells(NSCs) and erythropoietin (EPO) on the axonal regeneration of the rats with transected spinal cord injury in spinal cord injury area, and to provide theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of spinal cord injury. Methods Forty Wistar rats with T10 spinal cord transaction were randomly divided into control group, NSCs group, EPO group and NSCs+EPO group(n=10).BDA anterograde corticospinal cord neuronal tracing and fluoro-gold(FG) retrograde tracing were carried out at the 8th week after operation to observe the regeneration of nerve fibers.The BBB locomotion score was used to evaluate the restoration after operation in the rats with spinal cord transaction. Results The BDA immunofluorescence staining and FG immunofluorescence staining results showed that a large amount of regenerated axons were observed in NSCs+EPO group, which were labeled by BDA-cy3 red fluorescence, and some regenerated axons got through the injuried area.While in NSCs group, only a small amount of regenerated axons were observed after spinal cord injury, and no regenerated axons got through the injuried area.In EPO group, only sporadically regenerated nerve fibers were observed occasionally, while in control group, no axonal regeneration was observed.In NSCs+EPO group, a small amount of cones and axons, which were labeled by FG fluorescence, emitted golden yellow fluorescence, and no cells labeled by FG was observed in other groups.The BBB scores in NSCs+EPO group 7 d after operation and at different time later were higher than those in other groups(P<0.05). Conclusion Transplantated NSCs and intraperitoneal injection of EPO could promote axon regeneration in spinal cord injury zone and hind limb motor function recovery of the rats with spinal cord injury.

Objective To extract and purify the Fms-like tyrosine kinase-3(FLT3) receptor interacting lectin (FRIL) from Astragalus root, and to analyze and identify its bioactivity. Methods Affinity chromatography was used to purify the crude extraction of Astragalus root;the concentration of FRIL was determined using BCA assay;the property of FRIL combined with sugar was verified using inhibition lectin reaction;the Raji cells were cultured and divided into control, 20 mg·L^-1and 40 mg·L^-1FRIL groups;the cultured HL-60 cells were grouped into 0, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0, 20.0, and 40.0 mg·L^-1 FRIL groups;the proliferation effect of FRIL on human Raji cells and HL-60 cells were measured using flow cytometry and MTT method. Results The 27 mg of FRIL containing 4 subunits was obtained from Astragalus root, which had a high affinity for combining α-D-manoside.The apoptotic rate of Raji cells in 40 mg·L^-1 FRIL group was lower than that in 20 mg·L^-1 FRIL group(P<0.01).Compared with control group, the proliferation activities of the HL-60 cells expressing FLT3 receptors in 5.0-40.0 mg·L^-1 FRIL groups were increased (P<0.05). Conclusion The FRIL protein possessing lectin activity is successfully isolated from Astragalus root, which has the promotion effect on the growth of the cells expressing FLT3 receptor.

Objective To observe the histomorphological changes of dental pulp of the rats with mechanical injury at different time points after treated with connective tissue growth factor(CTGF/CCN2) and to clarify its mechanism. Methods Tweenty Wistar rats were divided into five groups, one group was randomly selected as normal group, each Wistar rat in the other four groups(groups of 3 d, 7 d, 14 d and 28 d) was prepared with a cavity on the occlusal surface of maxillary first molars on both sides. CCN2 was applied on the left exposed pulp for the PBS experimental group, and PBS was applied on the right exposed pulp for the control group.Four rats, one in each group, were put to death respectively on the 3rd, 7th, 14th and 28th day after operation.The teeth of each rat were fixed, decalcified and made to sections, which were stained with HE.The histomorphological changes of dental pulp tissue in each sample were observed. Results In control group, the inflammation under the amputated site was more obvious than the experimental group at 3 d and 7 d;the inflammatory cells were decreased and scattered reparative dentin was observed in 14 d;necrosis was observed at 28 d.While in experimental group a large number of inflammatory cells gathered under the amputated site at 3 d, as well as the dilatation of blood vessels was observed;7 d after injury the inflammation in experimental group was reduced.Compared with control group, the leukomonocytes were less.After injury for 14 d the calcified bridge was observed and the inflammatory cells disappeared;28 d after injury the reparative dentin was observed. Conclusion CCN2 participates in the reconstruction of the tissue structure after dental pulp injury.It indicates that CCN2 is a good pulp capping agent.

Objective To expore the expression of serine/threonine kinase 15 gene (STK15) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC)tissue and the relationship with the clinicopathological characteristics of HNSCC, and to clarify the effect of silencing STK15 on Hep-2 cells. Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of STK15 protein in the HNSCC tissue.Lentiviral silencing STK15 was used in Hep-2 cell line to obtain stable transfection cell line.The Hep-2 cells were divided into control group(PLKO.1-puro-siRNA)and experimental group(PLKO.1-puro-siSTK15).Western blotting method, RT-PCR, MTT assay, cell migration assay and immunofluorescence assay were used to study the expression of STK15 protein and STK15 mRNA, cell proliferation, migration and the number of centrosome. Results Immunohistochemical staining revealed that the expression rate of STK15 protein in HNSCC tissue was 64.96%, and the expression of STK15 protein was correlated with TNM stage and prognosis(P<0.05). The results of Western blotting method showed the expression level of STK15 protein in experimental group was lower than that in control group(P<0.05).The results of RT-PCR showed the expression level of STK15 mRNA in experimental group was lower than that in control group(P<0.05).The results of proliferation assay showed the proliferation rate of the cells in experimental group was lower than that in control group(P<0.05).The results of cell migration assay showed the percentage of the cells penetrating the membrane in experimental group was lower than that that in control group(P<0.05).The results of immunofluorescence assay showed that the number of centrosome in experimental group was lower than that in control group(P<0.05). Conclusion The expression of STK15 protein is closely correlated with the development and prognosis of HNSCC and silencing STK15 can greatly reduce the proliferation and migration ability of Hep-2 cells.STK15 could represent a potentially new important therapeutic target of HNSCC, and the status of STK15 expression may also become a novel and prognostic biomarker for HNSCC patients.

Objective To explore the expression level of miR-196a in liver cancer tissue and the influence of miR-196a in the proliferation of liver cancer Hep3B cells, and to clarify the possible mechanism of its promotion effect on the poliferation of liver cancer cells. Methods Twenty pairs of fresh surgical specimens of liver cancer and adjacent tissues were collected.The normal liver cells L02 and liver cancer cells SMMC-7721, HepG2, and Hep3B were cultured.The expression levels of miR-196a in liver cancer tissue, adjacent tissue and liver cancer cells were detected with qRT-PCR.The human liver cancer Hep3B cells at the logarithmic phase were randomly divided into control and miR-196a mimics and miR-196a inhibitors groups; the cell viability was analyzed by MTT assay and the miR-196a expression in the Hep3B cells after transfection was detected by qRT-PCR.The cell cycle distribution was determined by flow cytometry.The expression of FOXO1, one of the potential targets of miR-196a, was determined using qRT-PCR and Western blotting method. Results The expression level of miR-196a in liver cancer tissue was significantly higher than that in adjacent tissue (P<0.05).The expression levels of miR-196a in hunan liver ceancer cells SMMC-7721, HepG2, and Hep3B, were significantly higher than that in human normal liver L02 cells(P<0.05).Compared with control group, the expression level of miR-196a mRNA in the Hep3B cells in miR-196a mimics group was significantly increased(P<0.05), but the miR-196a mRNA expression level in the Hep3B cells in miR-196a inhibitors group was signficantly decreased(P<0.05).Compared with control group, the proliferation rate of the Hep3B cells in miR-196a mimics group was significantly increased(P<0.05), but the proliferation rate in miR-196a inhibitors group was significantly decresed(P<0.05) in a time-dependent manner.Compared with control group, the ratio of the Hep3B cells at G₀/G₁ phase 24 h after transfection in miR-196a inhibitors group was significantly increased, but the ratio of cells at S phase was obvionsly decreased(P<0.05).Compared with control group, the mRNA and protein expression levels of FOXO1 in miR-196a mimics group were significantly decreased(P<0.05). Conclusion miR-196a may promote the proliferation of live cancer cells through FOXO1, which indicates that miR-196a may become a new target for dignosis and treatment of liver cancer.

Objective To find out whether there is relationship between hyperglycemia and activities of multi-drug resistance protein (MRP) or P-glycoprotein (P-gp) which are the key enzymes of ¹⁸F-FDG extraction out of cells through the method of glucose loading at delayed phase of PET/CT scaning, and to clarify its possible mechanism. Methods 12 patients with malignant tumor were randomly selected to the experimental group, as a control, 30 cases of conventional dual phase scan were randomly selected into control group.The patients in groups received routine fasting early phase PET/CT scan, and the delayed scan in experimental group was performed after orally taken glucose, whereas in control group, there was not any glucose or sugar taken.The standardized uptake values (SUV) of early and delayed imaging of tumor and healthy tissues in two groups were recorded and analyzed. Results The SUV changes of each ROI between two phases at control group: the SUV_max of tumors was increased obviously at delayed phase (P<0.01);the SUV_mean of musclus erector spinae wasn't increased obviously at delayed phase(P<0.05), the SUV_mean of live (P<0.01) and aorta (P<0.01) were decreased obviously at delayed phase.However, in experimental group, the SUV_mean of musculus erector spinae was increased obviously at delayed phase(P<0.05);the SUV_max of tumors wasn't increased obviously at delayed phase (P<0.05), which were different with control group; whereas the SUV_mean of live (P<0.01) and aorta (P<0.01) were also decreased obviously at delayed phase. Conclusion The SUV in tumor tissue isn't increased significantly after glucose loading, which indicates that a balance of ¹⁸F-FDG discharging and entering the tumor cells is obtained and illustrates that hyperglycemia might induce the up-regulation or activation of MRP or P-gp.

Objective To observe the expressions of apoptosis-related factors in serum and cervix tissue of the patients with different cervical lesions, and to explore their relationships with the clinicopathological characteristics of cervical squamous cell carcinoma. Methods 140 patients with different cervical lesions diagnosed with microsopic examination were selected, including 70 cases of cervical squamous carcinoma, 50 cases of cervical carcinoma in situ (CIN Ⅲ) and 20 cases of cervicitis, and fasting venous blood was also collected and the cervical tissue for microscopic examination was obtained.The protein and mRNA expressions of p53, Fas, TNF-α and cyclin E in serum and different cervical tissues were detected by ELISA, real-time fluorescence quantitative method and immunohistochemical method;the relationships between the expressions of p53, Fas, TNF- α and cyclin E proteins and the clinical stages, pathological types and lymph node metastasis of cervical squamous cell carcinoma were analyzed. Results Compared with the patients with cervicitis, the protein and mRNA expression levels of p53, Fas, and TNF-α in serum and cervix tissue in the patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma and cervical carcinoma in situ were decreased(P<0.01), but the expression levels of cyclin E mRNA and protein were significantly increased(P<0.01), there was no statistical significance between the patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma and the patients with cervical carcinoma in situ (P>0.05).The positive expression rates of p53, Fas, TNF- α and cyclin E had positive relations with the clinical stages, pathological types and lymph node metastasis of cervical squamous cell carcinoma(P<0.01). Conclusion The down-regulation of the expression levels of p53, Fas and TNF-α and the up-regulation of cyclin E expression level in the serum and cervix tissue of the patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma and cervical carcinoma in situ may be associated with the tumor invasion and metastasis of cervical carcinoma, and they may be served as the markers for early diagnosis of cervical cancer;the study provides guidance for the postoperative treatment and prognosis judgement of cervical cancer.

Objective To understand the progression of the diabetic patients with different levels of uric acid and to analyze its influencing factors, and to provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of diabetes complicated with hyperuricemia. Methods A clinical record database for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients was established with EpiData 3.0 software and 1 411 cases of complete data were selected. According to serum uric acid (SUA) levels, 1 411 cases of T2DM patients were divided into high uric acid (HUA)group and normal uric acid (NUA)group. The differences of the main clinical indicators and the incidence of complications of the patients between two groups were compared. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression were carried out to analyze the influencing factors of diabetes complicated with hyperuricemia. Results The incidences of diabetic macroangiopathy and diabetic microvasculopathy of the patients in HUA group were significantly higher than those in NUA group (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference of the incidence of dabetic neuropathy between two groups(P>0.05).Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences of the gender, body mass index(BMI), systolie pressure(SBP), diastolic pressure(DBP), asparagine aminotransferase(AST), alaninamide transferase (ALT), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), cholinesterase(CHE), triglyeerides(TG), low-density lipoprotein(LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein(HDL-C), gycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c) between two groups(P<0.05). The multivariable non-conditional Logistic analysis results showed that female, higher HbA1c, higher HDL-C were the protective factors of diabetes complicated with hyperuricemia (female:OR=0.705, 95%CI=0.501-0.993, P<0.05;HbA1c:OR=0.912, 95%CI=0.840-0.991, P<0.05;HDL-C:OR=0.539, 95%CI=0.335-0.868, P<0.05); but the BMI≥25 kg·m^-2, higher SBP, and higher TG were the risk factors of diabetes complicated with hyperuricemia(BMI:OR=2.107, 95%CI=1.473-3.014, P<0.05;SBP:OR=1.767, 95%CI=1.210-2.581, P<0.05;TG:OR=1.111, 95%CI=1.057-1.168, P<0.05). Conclusion The macrovascular and microvascular complications for the patients with diabetes complicated with hyperuricemia should be screened;the BMI of the patients should be controlled as well as SBP and TG, so the incidence of diabetes complicated with hyperuricemia should be prevented.

Objective To approach the effectiveness and safety of bupropion hydrochloride sustained-release tablets and fluoxetine tablets in treatment of depression, and to provide basis for their application in clinic. Methods Computer search was performed using the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trial, Ovid-medline, PubMed, Embase, CNKI, WanFang, VIP, and CBM, and the randomized controlled trials(RCTs) were collected, then the retrieved studied according to predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria were screened, the quality of included studies was evaluated and RevMan 5.3 software was used for Meta-analysis. Results A total of 9 RCT and 1 106 patients were finally included.There was no difference in the effectiveness between bupropion hydrochloride sustained-release tablets and fluoxetine tablets [OR=1.13, 95%CI (0.87, 1.48), P>0.05].There was no difference in the side effects between bupropion hydrochloride sustained-release tablets and fluoxetine tablets [OR=1.13, 95%CI(0.91, 1.41), P>0.05]. Conclusion Bupropion hydrochloride sustained-release tablets have the same effectivenessand side effects as fluoxetine tablets in treatment of depression.

Objective To investigate the association between the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of interleukin 4 (IL-4) promoter region gene-33C/T(IL-4-33C/T), interleukin-6 (IL-6) promoter region gene-572C/G(IL-6-572C/G) and the susceptibility of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and to provide theoretical basis for genetic mechanism of COPD. Methods A case-control study was used in this research.100 cases of COPD were selected as case group, and 100 healthy people matched in age and sex were selected as control group.PCR-RELP analysis was employed to detect the genotypes of the subjects in two groups, and statistical analysis software SPSS19.0 was used to analyze the association between IL-4 -33C/T, IL-6 -572C/G and susceptibility of COPD. Results The distribution of genotypic frequencies of IL-4 -33C/T and IL-6 -572C/G sites didn't deviate from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in both case group and control group(P>0.05).The distribution of genotypic and allelic frequencies at IL-4 -33C/T site showed no statistical significance between case group and control group(P>0.05).The distribution of genotypic and allelic frequencies at IL-6 -572C/G site showed statistical significance between case group and control group(χ²=17.398, P<0.001;χ²=23.169, P<0.001). Conclusion The polymorphism of IL-4-33C/T site may be not associated with the susceptibility of COPD.The polymorphism of IL-6-572C/G site may be associated with the susceptibility of COPD.

Objective To perform an anatomic examination to describe the locations and variations of 4 main nerves around the axillary artery using ultrasound guidance and electrical stimulation, and to provide a basement for the upper limb nerve block. Methods 167 patients undergoing axillary brachial plexus block from December 2007 to March 2009 in Department of Hand Surgery of Beijing Jishuitan Hospital were selected.The probe was placed at the intersection between pectoralis major muscle and biceps muscle.The axillary artery, the ulnar, radial, median, and musculocutaneous nerves were identified.The location of each nerve in the neurovascular bundle was recorded by subdividing the bundle into four-chart sectors with the artery in the center. Results The median, ulnar, and radial nerves proceed clockwise around the axillary artery in the neurovascular bundle.At this level, the median nerve could be found most often (83.8%) in quadrant Ⅳ(both anterior and lateral to the axillary artery).The most common position (72.5%) of the ulnar nerve was found in quadrant Ⅰ(anterior medial to the axillary artery), the radial nerve could be found most often (61.7%) in quadrant Ⅱ(medial posterior to the axillary artery).In most patients(89.2%), the musculocutaneous nerve was lined in a fascial plane between the coracobrachialis muscle and the biceps muscle, but there were a few patients showed a musculocutaneous nerve variation which lied in the neurovascular bundle, lateral to the axillary artery. There were still 8 cases which musculocutaneous nerves were not found in the axilla.The distances from skin surface to the center of musculocutaneous, radial, median and ulnar nerves were (1.58±0.59)cm, (1.33±0.69)cm, (0.62 ±0.13)cm and (0.59±0.22)cm, respectively;there was no difference in the depth between median and ulnar nerves(P>0.05), but there were significant differences in the depth between any other two nerves(P<0.05).There were two veins in axillary sheat in 47.3% persons of all 167 patients, the average was(2.4±0.8). Conclusion The median, ulnar, and radial nerves proceed clockwise around the axillary artery in the neurovascular bundle with high variation, and the musculocutaneous nerve is blocked separately within the coracobrachialis muscle.There are many veins around the axillary artery.

Objective To observe the effect of myoelectricity triggering biofeedback on the rehabilitation of cerebral infarction patient's early hemiplegia, and to evaluate its clinical curative effcet. Methods 653 patients with acute cerebral infarction were divided into control group(n=257) and therapeutic group(n=396) according to the will of the patients.The patients in two groups accepted conventional therapy at the same time, and the patients in therapeutic group were divided into two subgroups: neural muscle electrical stimulus(NMES)(n=275) and myoelectricity triggering biofeedback(MTB) subgroups(n=121).The neurologic impairment degree and motor function of the patients in two groups were evaluated with NIHSS and FMA 7 d before treatment, 7 d after treatment, and at the end of treatment.At the same time, the activities of daily living(ADL) of the patients were evaluated with BI. Results There were no significant differences in the scores of NIHSS, FMA and ADL of the patients before treatment between two groups(P>0.05).Compared with before treatment, the scores of the patients in therapeutic group were significantly improved(P<0.01).Compared with NMES group, the scores of the patients in MTB group were significantly improved(P<0.05). Conclusion Rehabilitative care of cerebral infarction patient's early hemiplegia with MTB can promote the function of the hemiplegia limbs to resume, and improve patient's activity of daily living.The curative effect of MTB is superior to the NMES.

Objective To research the relationship between volume dose(Vd)parameters V20 and V30 of dose volume histogram(DVH)and radioactive lung injury caused by concurrent radiochemotherapy in the treatment of locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer(LANSCLC), and to clear whether V30 and V20 could evaluate the probability of radioactive lung injury in chemoradiation. Methods 36 patients treated with concurrent radiochemotherapy were retrospectively analyzed.Radiotherapy Ways : 3D-CRT, the conventional fractionation was 2 Gy/frack(F), 5 times/week, the total dose in concurrent chemoradiotherapy group was 66-70 Gy/30-33 F and the total dose in sequential chemoradiotherapy group was 60-70Gy/30-35F.Chemotherapy plan: Taxol 135 mg·m^-2 at the 1st and 22nd days, Carboplatin AUC=6 g·L^-1·min^-1, at the 1st and 22nd days.The correlation analysis between the grade of level 2 or higher incidence of radioactive lung injury and DVH parameters(V30 and V20)was performed.And according to the whole lung average V30(18.17%)and V20(25.32%), the groups were set up: V30 ≤18%, V30>18% and V20≤25%, V20>25%, and the incidence of levels 2 or higher radioactive lung injury in each group was compared. Results There has positive correlation between levels 2 or higher lung injury classification and V20, V30(r=0.705, P<0.05;r=0.740, P<0.05);the incidence of levels 2 or higher lung injury was respectively 16.67% and 55.56% in V30 ≤ 18.00% group and V30>18.00% group, and there was significant difference(P<0.05);the incidence of levels 2 or higher lung injury was respectively 17.64% and 52.63% in V20 ≤25% and V20 > 25% groups, and there was significant difference(P<0.05). Conclusion V30 and V20 can be used to evaluate and forecast the incidence of radioactive lung injury;when V30>18% and V20>25%, the incidence of radioactive lung injury is significantly increased, and the treatment plan needs to be modified and even the design of treatment plan is given up.

Objective To study the feasibility of uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic pulmonary resection in treatment of lung diseases, and to provide our experience in the application of this new technique. Methods 100 patients with lung diseases were underwent uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic pulmonary resection (lobectomy and limited resection) from March 2013 to September 2014, and the clinical data in all patients were retrospectively analyzed. Results There were 39 male, 61 female and the average age was (54.6±10.9) years in the total 100 patients.The uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy and limited pulmonary resection were successfully performed in 52 and 44 patients respectively.There were only 4 cases converted into thoracotomy because of the severe hila adhesion (1 case) and uncontrolled intraoperative hemorrhage (2 for interlobar pulmonary artery rupture and 1 for pulmonary vein rupture).The mean operative time was (124±66)min, the mean intraoperative blood loss was (100±65) mL, the mean thoracic drainage time was (4.1±3.0) d, and the mean hospital stay was (8.3±3.6) d.All patients were discharged uneventfully without perioperative complications and postoperative death in 30 d. Conclusion The uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic pulmonary resection is a safe and feasible new method of minimally invasive technique, and it is worthy to apply in thoracic surgery.

Objective To explore the curative effect of one case of right central location lung cancer treated by VATS right upper lobectomy and bronchoplasty, and to review the associated literature. Methods Wedge resection of right main bronchus was performed after mobilization and division of upper bobe vessels, then two edges were approximated with 3 mm stitch interval. Results The postoperative recovery was satisfied with 5 d chest tube duration.The pathologic result demonstrated squamous lung cancer and CT scan showed well inflated remnant lobes. Conclusion VATS right upper lobectomy and bronchoplasty is a good procedure choice for the patients with right upper lobe cental location lung cancer with VATS indications.

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment experience, and standardization of diagnosis of 1 case of abdominal cocoon, and to review the literature about diagnosis and treatment of abdominal cocoon. Methods Early diagnosis of digestive diseases was performed with abdominal plain film, gastrointestinal angiography and abdominal CT examination, and surgical treatment and postoperative pathological diagnosis were in time. Results The patient was treated with open operation, intraoperative suture of small bowel perforation bowel, and blunt sharp separation combined with small intestine surface hard cellulose;patient recovered well postoperatively;the postoperatively pathological diagnosis was abdominal cocoon. Conclusion The diagnosis for the patients with suspected abdominal cocoon the postoperatively pathological could depend on the imaging examination such as abdominal plain film or CT combination with symptoms and signs, and surgical treatment timely is an effective method, which can save the patient's life.

Objective To understand the current situation of brucellosis infection and feeding and breeding of breeding livestock's families in Western pastoral areas of Jilin Province, to analyze the influence factors of brucellosis infection, and to provide evidence for human brucellosis controlling and spreading in breeding livestock's families. Methods Two countries were randomly selected in Qianguo county which was one of the most popular areas of brucellosis infection in Jilin Province.In each township, almost half of the villages were selected and all householders of the sheep farmers in those villages were respondents.Face to face interview was performed to collect the information on brucellosis infection.Three parts were included in the questionnaire, such as the general status of the family, breeding characteristics (breeding age, species, scale, source, stocking way, and so on.) and status of brucellosis infection.Based on the principle of informed consent, 5 mL venous blood samples of all family members of the respondents were collected, brucellosis was confirmed with serum agglutination test(SAT).The breeding characteristics of sheep farmers' families, the current situation of brucellosis infection and its related factors were analyzed. Results Out of 149 qualified papers collected, there were 84 families in which some members were infected with brucellosis, with the prevalence of brucellosis of 55.03%.Whether the new-bought sheep were all quarantined or not and the time of breeding sheep were the independent risk factors that influenced brucellosis.The risk of infecting brucellosis in the family members who breed for 10 years or more than 10 years and less 15 years was 3.978 times more dangerous than others who breed for less than one year(OR=3.978, 95%CI: 0.005-15.746), and the risk of infecting brucellosis in the family members who breed for 20 years or more than 20 years was 10.531 times more dangerous than others who breed for less than one year(OR=10.531, 95%CI:2.363-46.940).The risk of infecting brucellosis in the families in which all the new-bought sheep were quarantined was 2.848 times higher than that of infecting brucellosis in the families in which not all the new-bought sheep were quarantined(OR=2.848, 95%CI: 1.289-6.295).There was no statistical significance between brucellosis infection and breeding years, scale, and breed. Conclusion The prevalence of brucellosis infection from breeding livestock's families is higher than that from others, high-risk behaviors like non-quarantine, non-immunization and mixed-graze etc.still exist.Brucellosis infection is serious and the understanding about brucellosis prevention is insufficient among breeding livestock's families.It is necessary to strengthen further propaganda about brucellosis infection from breeding livestock's families.

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of metabolic syndrome(MS)in adults of Jiangsu Province and compare the consistency and difference of the five diagnostic criteria for MS, and to explore the optimum cut-off points of waist circumference or body mass index(BMI)for forecasting other components and risk factors aggregation of MS in adults of Jiangsu Province. Methods A total of 8 400 residents aged 18 and older from Jiangsu Province were selected by multistage cluster randomly sampling method in 2010.Medical examination and face to face questionnaire survey were conducted to collect the health information for respondents.The prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of MS were calculated and described, diagnosed according to five diagnostic criteria, issued by the Chinese Medical Association Diabetes Branch(CDS)in 2004, Adult Treatment Panel Ⅲ of National Cholesterol Education Program(NCEP-ATP Ⅲ)in 2005, International Diabetes Federation(IDF)in 2005, Joint committee for Developing Chinese Guidelines on Prevention and Treatment of Dyslipidemia in Adults(JCDDCG)in 2007 and International Joint Interim Statement(JIS)in 2009, respectively.The distribution of MS components and risk factors aggregation were analyzed, and the agreement rate and Kappa values of different diagnostic criteria were calculated to compare the consistency and difference of the five diagnostic criteria.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was conducted to forecast other components and risk factors aggregation of MS with cut-off points of waist circumference or BMI. Results The crude prevalence(standardized prevalence rate)of MS in the respondents was respectively 18.4%(15.1%)for CDS criterion, 37.3%(31.0%) for ATPⅢ criterion, 29.5%(24.6%)for IDF criterion, 22.8%(19.4%)for JCDCG criterion and 38.9%(32.7%)for JIS criterion.There were statistically significant differences of the distribution of the prevalence of MS diagnosed by different criteria between different sex, age, education level, occupation, parents in hypertension and diabetes group(P<0.05).The proportions of at least three risk factors among the subjects with MS diagnosed by CDS, ATPⅢ, IDF, JCDCG and JIS criteria were respectively 97.2%, 96.7%, 97.2%, 98.7% and 100%. The agreement rates(Kappa value) were respectively 95.93%(0.91), 91.91%(0.82)and 88.89%(0.76) between ATP Ⅲ and JIS, ATP Ⅲ and IDF, IDF and JIS.The agreement rate and Kappa value of other pairs were among 78%-82% and 0.40-0.74, respectively.The sensitivity, specificity and shortest distance of receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve for forecasting risk factors aggregation of MS were respectively 88.29%, 74.54%, 0.28 in male and 85.97%, 70.07%, 0.33 in female when waist circumference was 85 cm in male and 80 cm in female. Conclusion The prevalence of MS is higher in the adults of Jiangsu Province.Among the five diagnostic criteria for MS, there is bigger difference in applicability for the adults of Jiangsu and a best consistency between the ATPⅢ and JIS.The optimum cut-off points of waist circumference for the adults in Jiangsu Province are respectively 85 cm for male and 80 cm for female.

Objective To understand the effect of dust events on the health of respiratory system of children, and to provide reference basis for the prevention and therapy of childhood respiratory disorders caused by dust particles. Methods The daily outpatient number of childhood respiratory disorders from Month 1st to May 31st in 2011, 2012 and 2013 were obtained from 6 third-grade class-A hospitals in Changchun City.After excluding the long-term trend, meteorological factor and random interference by model ARIMA, regression analysis was used to analyze the association between dust events and the daily outpatient number of childhood respiratory disorders. Results The changes in temperature, relative humidity, daily average temperature, SO₂ and NO₂ in the dust event days had no significant differences compared with the non-dust event days in the past three years(P>0.05);the concentration of PM₁₀ in dust events was increased significantly(P<0.05);the wind speeds were increased significantly in 2012 and 2013(P<0.05).The dust events had an effect on the number of daily outpatients of childhood respiratory disorders, and it was lag effect.Compared with the non-dust event days, the amount of daily outpatients of childhood respiratory disorders was increased significantly in post dust event days 2 and 3(P<0.05). Conclusion The dust events has correlation with the daily outpatient number of childhood respiratory disorders with the lag effect.