吉林大学学报(工学版) ›› 2018, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (6): 1653-1660.doi: 10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb20170903

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车身钢-铝粘接接头湿热老化性能

那景新1(),慕文龙1,范以撒2,谭伟1,杨佳宙1   

  1. 1. 吉林大学 汽车仿真与控制国家重点实验室,长春 130022
    2. 华北水利水电大学 机械学院,郑州 450045
  • 收稿日期:2017-07-23 出版日期:2018-11-20 发布日期:2018-12-11
  • 作者简介:那景新(1957-),男,教授,博士生导师.研究方向:车身结构设计理论与轻量化技术.
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(51775230);吉林大学研究生创新基金项目(2017013)

Effect of hygrothermal aging on steel-aluminum adhesive joints for automotive applications

NA Jing-xin1(),MU Wen-long1,FAN Yi-sa2,TAN Wei1,YANG Jia-zhou1   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China
    2. School of Mechanical Engineering, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450045, China
  • Received:2017-07-23 Online:2018-11-20 Published:2018-12-11

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摘要：

为了给粘接技术在钢-铝车身中的实际应用提供参考依据和技术指导,研究了湿热环境对不同应力状态下钢-铝粘接接头性能的影响。针对所选取的单搭接、45°嵌接、对接钢-铝粘接接头,完成试件的加工及粘接固化,并根据所制定湿热循环谱,进行了20、40、60周期的湿热老化试验。试验结果表明:随着湿热循环周期的增加,3种接头失效载荷均呈下降趋势,在正、剪应力等比状态下,接头失效载荷下降幅度更显著。同时,在湿热循环作用下接头失效形式也发生了一定改变。通过计算接头胶层的正、剪应力值,并进行曲线拟合发现不同湿热循环周期后,接头失效准则均符合应力准则。在此基础上,进一步建立了钢-铝粘接接头在任意老化周期后的失效准则表达式及对应的三维曲面。

关键词: 车辆工程, 钢-铝车身, 粘接技术, 湿热老化, 应力状态, 失效准则

Abstract:

In order to provide reference and technical guidance for the practical application of adhesive technology in steel-aluminum body, the influence of hygrothermal environment on the performance of adhesive joints under different stress states is studied. The Single Lap Joints (SLJs), 45°Scarf Joints (SJs) and Butt Joints (BJs) are selected as the research objects. After the adhesion and curing of specimens, experiments of 20, 40 and 60 hygrothermal cycles are completed according to hygrothermal cycle spectrum. The results show that with the increase in hygrothermal cycles, the failure loads of three kinds of joint all decrease, and the SJs have the biggest decrease amplitude, namely the failure load decreases significantly under the combine stress of shear and normal. At the same time, the failure modes of the joints have also changed after the hygrothermal cycles. The normal stress and shear stress of the adhesive layers are calculated and the curves are fitted. The stress criterion is selected as appropriate expression of joint failure criterion after different hygrothermal cycles. Based on this, the failure criterion formula and 3D surface with different aging cycles of the joints are established.

Key words: vehicle engineering, steel-aluminum body, adhesive technology, hygrothermal aging, stress state, failure criterion

中图分类号: 

  • U463.82

表1

不锈钢材料参数值"

材料 弹性模量/MPa 泊松比 密度/(kg·m-3)
ISR 7008 4.3 0.44 1400
6005A铝合金 71 000 0.33 2730
304不锈钢 193 000 0.3 7930

图1

单搭接、45°嵌接、对接粘接试件示意图及其结构尺寸(单位:mm)"

图2

单搭接、45°嵌接、对接钢铝粘接接头示意图"

图3

粘接夹具"

图4

一周期湿热循环"

图5

湿热环境箱"

图6

单搭接、45°嵌接、对接接头在不同湿热循环周期后的平均失效载荷"

图7

单搭接、45°嵌接及对接接头经过不同湿热循环周期后的失效形式"

图8

不同湿热循环周期后的接头失效准则拟合曲线"

图9

不同湿热循环周期后的应力失效准则曲线"

图10

N、S、q随湿热循环周期变化关系拟合曲线"

图11

失效准则三维曲面"

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