吉林大学学报(工学版) ›› 2017, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (6): 1716-1727.doi: 10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb201706007

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

雾霾天气低能见度对不同跟驰状态驾驶行为的影响

高坤1, 2, 涂辉招1, 2, 时恒1, 2, 李振飞3   

  1. 1.同济大学 道路与交通工程教育部重点实验室,上海 201804;
    2.同济大学 交通运输工程学院,上海 201804;
    3.中国建筑股份有限公司 海外事业部,北京 100037
  • 收稿日期:2016-08-29 出版日期:2017-11-20 发布日期:2017-11-20
  • 作者简介:高坤(1993-),男,博士研究生.研究方向:交通行为分析与建模.E-mail:93gaokun@tongji.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(71271155)

Effect of low visibility in haze weather condition on longitudinal driving behavior in different car-following stages

GAO Kun1, 2, TU Hui-zhao1, 2, SHI Heng1, 2, LI Zhen-fei3   

  1. 1.Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China;
    2.College of Transportation Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China;
    3.Overseas Department, China State Construction Engineering Co., Ltd., Beijing 100037,China
  • Received:2016-08-29 Online:2017-11-20 Published:2017-11-20

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摘要： 利用8自由度高逼真度驾驶模拟器,从工程学和人类心理学角度分析了雾霾天气低能见度对不同跟驰状态(加速、减速和平稳跟驰)驾驶行为的影响。结果表明:雾霾天气低能见度对不同跟驰状态驾驶行为的影响存在明显差异性。加速跟驰过程中,雾霾天气低能见度下驾驶员对速度差变化、距离差变化的反应敏感性和最大意愿加速度分别比晴天显著降低了29.3%、33.1%和17.4%,且驾驶行为异质性明显升高;减速跟驰过程中,雾霾天气低能见度下驾驶员对速度差变化的反应敏感性、最大意愿减速度和感知前车最大减速度分别比晴天显著提高了31.7%、17.8%和16.3%,对距离差变化的反应敏感性显著降低了32.1%,而驾驶行为异质性有所降低;平稳跟驰过程中,雾霾天气低能见度下驾驶员对速度差变化反应敏感性比晴天显著提高了41.6%,最大意愿加速度和减速度均值小于晴天,期望速度和对距离差变化的反应敏感性与晴天无显著差异。加减速反应阈值方面,驾驶员在雾霾天气低能见度下倾向于采取更加积极的加速反应来紧随前车,同时又更加谨慎地采取减速反应避免碰撞。本文研究结果为雾霾天气低能见度等紧急事件下应急疏散微观交通仿真的建立提供了理论支撑。

关键词: 交通运输系统工程, 雾霾天气低能见度, 跟驰行为, 反应阈值

Abstract: Using a high fidelity driving simulator with eight degrees of freedom, the effect of low visibility in haze weather condition on the driving behavior of three Car-Following (CF) stages (acceleration, deceleration and steady following stages) are analyzed from both engineering CF models and psychological-physiological CF model. The results show that the low visibility environment in haze weather condition has significantly different impacts on driving behavior of different CF stages. In acceleration CF stage, the drivers' sensitivity in changes of relative speed and spacing, as well as maximum desired acceleration under haze weather condition are significantly lower, 29.3%, 33.1% and 17.4% respectively, than that under clear weather condition. Meanwhile the heterogeneities in driving behavior are substantially larger in haze weather condition. In the deceleration stage, drivers' sensitivity in changes of relative speed, maximum desired deceleration and expected maximum deceleration of the leading vehicle under haze weather condition are significantly larger, 31.7%, 17.8% and 16.3% respectively, than that in clear weather condition. Whereas, the drivers' sensitivity in change of the spacing decreases by 32.1% in haze weather condition. In steady CF stage, the drivers have larger sensitivities in changes of relative speed, 41.6% higher in average in haze weather than that in clear weather, and have slightly smaller maximum desired acceleration and deceleration. However, there are no significant differences in desired speed and drivers' reaction to the change in spacing under different weather conditions. Moreover, the action points of acceleration and deceleration indicate that the drivers under low visibility in haze weather adopt quicker acceleration to follow the leading vehicle more closely, and are more cautious to take quicker braking action to avoid collision. The main findings of this paper provide references for setting-up of microscopic simulation for emergency traffic evacuation in case of low visibility in haze weather condition.

Key words: engineering of communications and transportation system, low visibility under hazy weather conditions, car-following behavior, action point

中图分类号: 

  • U491.2
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