轮辐设计特征参数对整车气动特性的影响

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb20190960

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探究车轮轮辐偏移距离和轮辐曲率对整车气动阻力系数的影响，以改进的MIRA模型为研究对象，在Fluent软件中首先分别探究不同轮辐偏移距离及不同曲率与整车气动阻力系数的关系，分析不同工况减阻及增阻原因；之后将各工况进行组合，探究各组合工况对整车气动阻力系数的影响。仿真结果表明：较小的轮辐偏移距离有利于整车气动阻力系数的降低，且当轮辐偏移距离为10 mm时，整车气动阻力系数最小，仅为0.2514，与基础工况相比减阻率达5.56%；但轮辐曲率的增大会使整车气动阻力系数增大。

关键词: 空气动力学, 轮辐偏移距离, 轮辐曲率, 气动阻力系数, 数值模拟

Abstract:

In order to explore the influence of spoke features on vehicle aerodynamic drag coefficient （C_d）， an improved MIRA model was studied in Fluent to investigate the relationship of vehicle aerodynamic drag coefficient with different spoke offset distances and curvatures. Meanwhile， the reasons of drag variance in different cases were analyzed. Then combination cases were explored on the influence of various conditions on the vehicle C_d. The simulation results indicate that smaller spoke offset distance is beneficial to the C_d reduction， and when the wheel spokes offset distance is 10 mm， the vehicle C_d is minimum， which is 0.2514. Compared with the base case， the rate of C_d reduction is 5.56%. The increase in spoke curvatures will increase the vehicle aerodynamic drag coefficient.

Key words: aerodynamics, spoke offset distance, spoke curvature, aerodynamic drag coefficient, numerical simulation

中图分类号:

U461.1

苏畅,韩颖,张英朝,苗振华. 轮辐设计特征参数对整车气动特性的影响[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2021, 51(1): 107-113.

Chang SU,Ying HAN,Ying-chao ZHANG,Zhen-hua MIAO. Influence performance with wheel spoke design parameters of vehicle aerodynamic[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2021, 51(1): 107-113.

图/表 18

图1

表1

图2

图3

表2

车身面网格尺寸与MIRA模型气动阻力系数的关系"

车身面网格尺寸/mm	网格总数/万	C_d	$?$ C_d
15	612	0.2992	1.08%
10	1383	0.2985	0.84%
7.5	2131	0.2987	0.91%
Exp.	-	0.296	-

表2

图4

表3

表4

图5

图6

图7

图8

图9

表5

图10

图11

表6

图12

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L/mm	曲率k
L/mm	0	0.001	0.002	0.003	0.004
0	a1	b1	c1	d1	e1
10	a2	b2	c2	d2	e2
20	a3	b3	c3	d3	e3
30	a4	b4	c4	d4	e4
40	a5	b5	c5	d5	e5

计算域	边界条件	设置值
入口	Velocity inlet	20 m/s
出口	Pressure outlet	0 Pa
车轮	Moving wall	59.85 rad/s
侧面	Wall	Symmetry
底面	Wall	Wall

模型	前轮阻力系数	后轮阻力系数	整车阻力系数
a1	0.0296	0.023	0.2662
a2	0.03	0.0253	0.2514
a3	0.03	0.0261	0.259
a4	0.0312	0.0265	0.2657
a5	0.0332	0.0273	0.2776

模型	前轮阻力系数	后轮阻力系数	整车阻力系数
a1	0.0296	0.023	0.2662
b1	0.0294	0.0237	0.2669
c1	0.0312	0.0217	0.2677
d1	0.031	0.024	0.2707
e1	0.0339	0.0178	0.2755

模型	前轮阻力系数	后轮阻力系数	整车阻力系数
a1	0.0296	0.023	0.2662
a2	0.03	0.0253	0.2514
a3	0.03	0.0261	0.259
a4	0.0312	0.0265	0.2657
a5	0.0332	0.0273	0.2776
b1	0.0294	0.0237	0.2669
b2	0.0286	0.0233	0.2656
b3	0.0286	0.0243	0.2638
b4	0.0301	0.0249	0.2669
b5	0.028	0.0266	0.2643
c1	0.0312	0.0217	0.2677
c2	0.0303	0.0254	0.2748
c3	0.0295	0.0254	0.2749
c4	0.0287	0.0246	0.2640
c5	0.0296	0.0252	0.2659
d1	0.031	0.024	0.2707
d2	0.0329	0.0224	0.2738
d3	0.0339	0.023	0.2723
d4	0.0325	0.0209	0.2668
d5	0.0311	0.0248	0.2739
e1	0.0339	0.0178	0.2755
e2	0.0314	0.0232	0.2704
e3	0.0354	0.0244	0.2799
e4	0.0338	0.0224	0.2716
e5	0.0322	0.0242	0.2758