基于正交试验法的悬索桥索夹螺杆紧固力损失影响因素

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20230719

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为研究悬索桥索夹螺杆紧固力损失的影响因素及敏感度，建立了广西某大桥索夹局部有限元模型，并利用蠕变试验结果对有限元模型进行验证。在此基础上，分别考虑螺杆的应力松弛速率、主缆蠕变速率、主缆空隙率、吊索力大小、螺杆的初始紧固力、索夹倾角和主缆与索夹温差等因素，利用正交试验法设计27种索夹螺杆紧固力损失的有限元分析工况，研究它们对螺杆紧固力的影响。研究结果表明：索夹螺杆紧固力损失随螺杆自身应力松弛速率的增大而增大；主缆蠕变速率对索夹螺杆紧固力损失的影响极其显著，索夹螺杆紧固力损失随主缆蠕变速率的增大而显著增大；索夹与主缆的温差对索夹螺杆紧固力损失的影响显著，螺杆紧固力损失随主缆与索夹温差的增大而减小；常见的主缆空隙率对索夹螺杆紧固力损失的影响相对较小；吊索力大小对索夹螺杆紧固力损失的影响可以忽略不计；螺杆紧固力损失随螺杆初始紧固力增大呈现先增大后减小的规律；索夹倾角对同一索夹不同位置的螺杆紧固力损失的影响有所差异；本文研究结论可为悬索桥的设计及养护提供参考。

关键词: 桥梁工程, 螺杆紧固力, 正交试验, 应力松弛, 温差, 初始紧固力

Abstract:

In order to study the influence factors affecting the preload loss of the cable clamp bolt of the suspension bridge and its sensitivity， a local finite element model of the cable clamp in a suspension bridge in Guangxi province was established， and then was verified by the creep test results. Next， 27 finite element models of bolt clamp were set up by using the orthogonal experiment method to study the influence factors on preload loss which include the stress relaxation rate of the bolt， the creep rate of the cable， the porosity of the cable， the suspender force， the initial preload of the bolt， the cable clamp inclination angle and the temperature difference between cable and clamp. The research results show that： the preload loss of the bolts increases with the stress relaxation rate of the bolts. The cable creep rate has a significant impact on the preload loss of the bolts. The preload loss increases significantly with the cable creep rate. The temperature difference between the clamp and the cable has a significant impact on the preload loss of the bolt， the bolt preload loss decreases as the temperature difference increases. The influence of the cable porosity on the preload loss of the bolts is relatively small. The impact of the suspender force on the preload loss of the bolt is negligible. The preload loss of the bolts initially increase and then decrease with the increasing initial preload of the bolts. The influence of the cable clamp inclination angle on the different bolts in the same clamp is unclear. The research conclusions can provide references for the design and maintenance of the suspension bridge cable.

Key words: bridge engineering, bolt preload, orthogonal experiment, stress relaxation, temperature difference, initial preload

中图分类号:

周勇军,穆丰睿,蔡诚,杨帆. 基于正交试验法的悬索桥索夹螺杆紧固力损失影响因素[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2025, 55(4): 1188-1196.

Yong-jun ZHOU,Feng-rui MU,Cheng CAI,Fan YANG. Influence factors of preload loss in cable clamp bolt of suspension bridge based on orthogonal experiment method[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2025, 55(4): 1188-1196.

图/表 16

图1

图2

表1

材料蠕变参数"

构件	初始应力 /MPa	$A$ /10^-6	$n$	$m$
螺杆	391	1.346 6	0.374 8	0.282 1
	453	3.714 1	0.351 2	0.256 5
	515	4.328 4	0.3253	0.270 6
主缆	850	433.280 0	1.159 0	0.286 5
	1 120	70.203 0	1.034 8	0.194 3
	1 190	10.836 0	1.088 5	0.148 4

表1

图3

表2

表3

图4

图5

图6

图7

图8

图9

图10

图11

图12

表4

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因素水平	螺杆应力松弛速率①	主缆蠕变速率②	主缆空隙率/%③	吊索力大小/kN④	螺杆的初始紧固力/kN⑤	索夹倾角/（°）⑥	主缆与索夹温差/℃⑦
水平1	0.8	0.5	16	1 500	470	0	-2
水平2	1.0	0.6	18	1 750	620	10	0
水平3	1.2	0.7	20	2 000	780	20	2

工况	螺杆应力松弛速率	主缆蠕变速率	主缆空隙率/%	吊索力大小/kN	螺杆的初始紧固力/kN	索夹倾角/（°）	主缆与索夹温差/℃
1	0.8	0.5	16	1 500	470	0	-2
2	0.8	0.5	16	1 500	620	10	0
3	0.8	0.5	16	1 500	780	20	2
4	0.8	0.6	18	1 750	470	0	-2
5	0.8	0.6	18	1 750	620	10	0
6	0.8	0.6	18	1 750	780	20	2
7	0.8	0.7	20	2 000	470	0	-2
8	0.8	0.7	20	2 000	620	10	0
9	0.8	0.7	20	2 000	780	20	2
10	1.0	0.5	18	2 000	470	10	2
11	1.0	0.5	18	2 000	620	20	-2
12	1.0	0.5	18	2 000	780	0	0
13	1.0	0.6	20	1 500	470	10	2
14	1.0	0.6	20	1 500	620	20	-2
15	1.0	0.6	20	1 500	780	0	0
16	1.0	0.7	16	1 750	470	10	2
17	1.0	0.7	16	1 750	620	20	-2
18	1.0	0.7	16	1 750	780	0	0
19	1.2	0.5	20	1 750	470	20	0
20	1.2	0.5	20	1 750	620	0	2
21	1.2	0.5	20	1 750	780	10	-2
22	1.2	0.6	16	2 000	470	20	0
23	1.2	0.6	16	2 000	620	0	2
24	1.2	0.6	16	2 000	780	10	-2
25	1.2	0.7	18	1 500	470	20	0
26	1.2	0.7	18	1 500	620	0	2
27	1.2	0.7	18	1 500	780	10	-2

因素	1号螺杆	2号螺杆	3号螺杆	4号螺杆
螺杆应力松弛速率	****	***	***	***
主缆蠕变速率	*****	****	****	*****
主缆空隙率	**	**	**	**
吊索力大小	**	*	*	**
螺杆的初始紧固力	***	***	***	***
索夹倾角	***	**	**	***
温差	****	***	***	****