蔗渣纤维表面改性及其沥青混合料路用性能

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20220870

吉林大学学报(工学版) ›› 2024, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (6): 1738-1745.doi: 10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20220870

• 交通运输工程·土木工程 • 上一篇

蔗渣纤维表面改性及其沥青混合料路用性能

李祖仲¹(),李梦园¹,刘卫东²(),庞萧萧³,唐豪¹,张学磊⁴,马晨杨¹

^1.长安大学材料科学与工程学院，西安 710064
^2.广西交科集团有限公司广西道路结构与材料重点实验室，南宁 530007
^3.天津大学材料科学与工程学院，天津 300072
^4.中交天津港湾工程研究院有限公司，天津 300222

收稿日期:2022-07-08 出版日期:2024-06-01 发布日期:2024-07-23
通讯作者: 刘卫东 E-mail:zuzhongli@126.com;liuwd2016@126.com
作者简介:李祖仲（1973-），男，副教授，博士.研究方向：固体废弃物综合开发利用.E-mail：zuzhongli@126.com
基金资助:
广西自然科学基金项目(2024GXNSFAA010308);南宁市重点研发计划项目(20223039);广西中央引导地方项目(桂科ZY21195043);长安大学大学生创新创业训练资助项目(S202310710081);长安大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(X202220510435)

Surface modification of bagasse fibers and road performances of asphalt mixture

Zu-zhong LI¹(),Meng-yuan LI¹,Wei-dong LIU²(),Xiao-xiao PANG³,Hao Tang¹,Xue-lei ZHANG⁴,Chen-yang MA¹

^1.School of Materials Science and Engineering，Chang′an University，Xi′an 710064
^2.Guangxi Transportation Science and Technology Co. ，Ltd. ，Nanning 530007 China
^3.School of Materials Science and Engineering，Tianjin University，Tianjin 300072，China
^4.Tianjin Port Engineering Institute Company Ltd. of CCCC，Tianjin 300222，China

Received:2022-07-08 Online:2024-06-01 Published:2024-07-23
Contact: Wei-dong LIU E-mail:zuzhongli@126.com;liuwd2016@126.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了提升蔗渣纤维沥青混合料的路用性能，分别采用一步改性法（碱、硅烷、乙酸酐）和二步改性法（碱与硅烷、碱与乙酸酐）对蔗渣纤维进行表面化学处理，并依据规范测试纤维的基本技术性能。分别以红外光谱、扫描电镜及热重法研究其改性前、后结构变化和热降解特性，并以SMA-13沥青混合料为例，分析表面改性对蔗渣纤维沥青混合料路用性能的改善效果。结果表明：与未改性的蔗渣纤维相比较，改性后纤维的吸油率倍数可提高10.9%以上；碱、硅烷、乙酸酐都能降低纤维表面分子的极性，且二步法中碱与硅烷的改性方案能够最有效地去除纤维中的无定形成分，提高了纤维表面的疏水性和界面相容性；改性后纤维的热解温度升高，热解速率变小；改性后蔗渣纤维沥青混合料的动稳定度、低温弯曲破坏应变、浸水马歇尔试验残留稳定度和冻融劈裂抗拉强度比指标最大可分别提高15.0%、12.6%、7.5%和7.0%。整体而言，在5种改性方案中，碱与硅烷改性方案呈现出最优的改性效果。

关键词: 道路与铁道工程, 沥青混合料, 蔗渣纤维, 表面改性, 路用性能

Abstract:

In order to improve the road performance of bagasse fiber asphalt mixture， one-step modification method （alkali， silane， acetic anhydride） and two-step modification method （alkali plus silane， alkali plus acetic anhydride） were used to treat the surface of bagasse fiber， and the basic properties of the fibers were tested according to the specifications. Following that， the structural changes of bagasse fibers before and after modification were studied by infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. In addition， the thermal degradation properties were investigated by the thermogravimetric analyzer. And SMA-13 asphalt mixture with bagasse fiber was designed and its road performances were evaluated according to the specifications. The results showed that the oil absorption rates of modified fibers increased by over 10.9% compared to original fiber. Alkali， silane， and acetic anhydride could reduce the polarity of fiber surface molecules. Furthermore， the alkali and silane in two-step modification method could remove most effectively amorphous components in bagasse fiber， improving the hydrophobicity of the fiber surface and the interfacial compatibility between fiber and asphalt components. For modified bagasse fibers， the pyrolysis temperature rose up， while the pyrolysis rate slowed down. The dynamic stability， low temperature flexural strains， residual stability indexes in immersing Marshall tests and splitting strength ratio indexes in freeze-thaw tests for asphalt mixtures with the modified bagasse fibers could be increased by a maximum of 15.0%， 12.6%， 7.5% and 7.0%， respectively. Overall， among the five modification methods， the alkali plus silane in two-step modification showed the best modification effect.

Key words: road and railway engineering, asphalt mixture, bagasse fiber, surface modification, road performance

中图分类号:

U414

李祖仲,李梦园,刘卫东,庞萧萧,唐豪,张学磊,马晨杨. 蔗渣纤维表面改性及其沥青混合料路用性能[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2024, 54(6): 1738-1745.

Zu-zhong LI,Meng-yuan LI,Wei-dong LIU,Xiao-xiao PANG,Hao Tang,Xue-lei ZHANG,Chen-yang MA. Surface modification of bagasse fibers and road performances of asphalt mixture[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2024, 54(6): 1738-1745.

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名称	化学式	形态	沸点/℃	自燃温度/℃	密度/（g·mL^-1）
乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷	C₅H₁₂O₃SI	无色透明液体	123	235	0.96~0.98
乙酸酐	C₄H₆O₃	无色透明液体	140	49	1.08

技术指标	原样	技术要求
针入度（25 ℃， 100 g， 5 s）/mm	67.2	60~80
软化点/℃	69.0	≥55
延度（5 ℃， 5 cm/min）/cm	38.9	≥30
运动黏度（135 ℃）/Pa·s	1.754	≤3
残留物质量损失/%	0.8	±1.0
残留物针入度比/%	85	≥65
残留物延度（5 ℃， 5 cm/min）/cm	34.5	≥30

技术指标	试验值		技术要求
技术指标	5~10 mm	10~15 mm	技术要求
表观相对密度	2.854	2.796	≥2.60
吸水率/%	1.02	0.84	<2.0
<0.075颗粒含量/%	0.6	0.4	<1
针片状颗粒含量/%	4.4	5.1	<15
洛杉矶磨耗损失/%	11.4		<28
压碎值/%	9.7		≤26

技术指标	试验值	技术要求
表观相对密度	2.715	≥2.50
含水量/%	0.2	≤1

纤维种类	吸油倍数/倍	质量损失/%	灰分含量/%	含水率/%
技术要求	5~9	≤6	13~23	≤5
OL-BF	6.4	6.8	18.3	6.4
AL-BF	8.6	5.3	15.0	4.2
SS-BF	7.3	5.1	15.8	3.3
AA-BF	7.1	5.5	16.9	4.8
ASS-BF	8.7	5.8	13.2	2.2
AAA-BF	8.2	5.9	14.7	3.0

蔗渣纤维表面改性及其沥青混合料路用性能

Surface modification of bagasse fibers and road performances of asphalt mixture

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