基于疲劳和13°冲击性能的组装式车轮优化设计

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb20170036

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了研究车轮的13°冲击性能,提出了一种基于疲劳和13°冲击性能的车轮结构设计和优化方法。以16×612J型车轮为研究对象,基于动态弯曲疲劳试验和动态径向疲劳试验对车轮进行了联合拓扑优化,设计了一个镁合金轮辋和铝合金轮辐的组装式车轮结构。建立了组装式车轮13°冲击试验的有限元模型,基于不同应变率下AZ91D镁合金和6061铝合金的材料本构模型分别分析了冲锤正对辐条和正对窗口冲击两种工况下车轮的应变,并研究了13°冲击性能与车轮结构之间的关系。利用网格变形技术建立了组装式车轮在两种工况下的参数化模型并定义了12个设计变量,使用Isight软件平台集成DEP-MeshWorks和LS-DYNA软件建立车轮多目标优化模型,利用最优拉丁超立方和Box-Behnken设计拟合了径向基RBF网络近似模型并验证了近似模型的精度。利用所建立的近似模型,以车轮质量和冲锤正对辐条冲击时轮辐的最大应变最小为目标,其余应变为约束,采用第二代非劣排序遗传算法(NSGA-Ⅱ)对车轮进行了多目标优化设计。得到了Pareto前沿,综合考虑了车轮13°冲击性能条件下,选取了一个妥协解作为优化设计结果。结果表明:在满足车轮各项13°冲击性能要求的条件下,优化得到的组装式车轮与同型铸造铝合金车轮相比减重30.65%。

关键词: 车辆工程, 组装式车轮, 联合拓扑优化, 13°, 冲击, 多目标优化

Abstract: In order to study the 13° impact performance of wheel, a wheel structure design and optimization method were proposed based on fatigue and 13° impact performance. Taking a 16×6 12 J type wheel as the research object, united topology optimization was performed based on dynamic bending fatigue test and dynamic radial fatigue test, and an assembled wheel with a magnesium alloy rim and an aluminum alloy disc was designed. Finite element models of the assembled wheel for 13° impact test were established, and the strain of the wheel under two conditions, where the hammer was facing the spoke and the window, was analyzed, using the material constitutive model of AZ91D magnesium alloy and 6061 aluminum alloy at different strain rates. The relationship between 13° impact performance and wheel structure was studied. The parametric model of the assembled wheel under two conditions was established with twelve design variables defined by using the mesh morphing technology. Multi-objective Optimization (MoO) model was built using Isight software platform where DEP-MeshWorks and LS-DYNA software were integrated. The Optimal Latin Hypercube design and Box-Behnken design were used to fit the RBF network surrogate model and to validate the precision of the surrogate model. Using the established surrogate model, Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-Ⅱ (NSGA-Ⅱ) was adopted to perform the MoO of the wheel, in which the wheel mass and the maximum strain when the hammer was facing the spoke were taken as the objectives and the other strain as the constraint. The Pareto frontier was obtained, and a compromise solution was selected as the optimal design result taking a comprehensive consideration of 13° impact performance of the wheel. The results show that under the condition of satisfying the 13° impact performance of the wheel, the weight of the optimized assembled wheel is 30.65% less than that of the same type cast aluminum alloy wheel.

Key words: vehicle engineering, assembled wheel, united topology optimization, 13°impact, multi-objective optimization

中图分类号:

U463.34

王登峰, 张帅, 汪勇, 陈辉. 基于疲劳和13°冲击性能的组装式车轮优化设计[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2018, 48(1): 44-56.

WANG Deng-feng, ZHANG Shuai, WANG Yong, CHEN Hui. Optimization design of assembled wheel based on performance of fatigue and 13° impact[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2018, 48(1): 44-56.

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