微斜面式重型静压轴承润滑油膜高速特性

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb20190998

吉林大学学报(工学版) ›› 2021, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (2): 450-457.doi: 10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb20190998

• 车辆工程·机械工程 • 上一篇

微斜面式重型静压轴承润滑油膜高速特性

张艳芹^1,²(),罗义¹,倪世钱³(),伍儒康²,张志全⁴

^1.南京工程学院机械工程学院，南京 211167
^2.南京工程学院燕山大学-南京工程学院联合研究院，南京 211167
^3.南京交通职业技术学院，南京 211188
^4.哈尔滨理工大学机械动力工程学院，哈尔滨 150080

收稿日期:2019-11-02 出版日期:2021-03-01 发布日期:2021-02-09
通讯作者: 倪世钱 E-mail:yanqin.zhang@njit.edu.cn;nsqmoney@163.com
作者简介:张艳芹（1981-），女，教授，博士.研究方向：润滑理论.E-mail：yanqin.zhang@njit.edu.cn
基金资助:
南京工程学院科研启动基金项目(YKJ201953);黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(E2017048)

High⁃speed characteristics of micro⁃beveled heavy duty hydrostatic bearing lubricant oil film

Yan-qin ZHANG^1,²(),Yi LUO¹,Shi-qian NI³(),Ru-kang WU²,Zhi-quan ZHANG⁴

^1.College of Mechanical Engineering，Nanjing Institute of Technology，Nanjing 211167，China
^2.Yanshan University & Nanjing Institute of Technology Joint Research Institute，Nanjing Institute of Technology，Nanjing 211167，China
^3.Nanjing Vocational Institute of Transport Technology，Nanjing 211188，China
^4.School of Mechanical Power Engineering，Harbin University of Science and Technology，Harbin 150080，China

Received:2019-11-02 Online:2021-03-01 Published:2021-02-09
Contact: Shi-qian NI E-mail:yanqin.zhang@njit.edu.cn;nsqmoney@163.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对重型装备制造业中大尺寸静压轴承高速运行易引起润滑失效问题，进行了变黏度条件下静压轴承高速运行时的楔形油膜润滑性能研究。该研究依据轴承润滑理论，推导出微斜面矩形腔流量方程、静压承载力方程以及不同转速和倾角影响的微斜面动压承载力方程，利用CFD原理和FLUENT软件仿真分析轴承在较高转速100、120、140、160、180、200 r/min下油膜润滑性能，揭示出较高转速工况对油腔压力、流体流速、涡度及流量的影响规律。最后，针对一定楔形高度、较高转速下的油腔压力进行了实验测量，对理论分析和仿真模拟加以验证。研究发现：平面油垫高转速下静压失效现象极其明显，本文微斜面式静压油垫在定载荷下能很好地补偿因轴承高速运行带来的静压损失，其轴承的动压补偿值域为16%~30%，且较高转速下轴承运行实验测量与数值模拟计算结果在规律上有较好的一致性。

关键词: 重型静压轴承, 润滑失效, 补偿, 微斜面, 动压

Abstract:

For large size hydrostatic bearings in heavy equipment manufacturing， it is easy to cause lubrication failure when running at high speed. In this paper， the lubrication performance of wedge oil film for hydrostatic bearing is studied under variable viscosity and high speed operation. Based on lubrication theory of bearings， the flow rate equation， the hydrostatic bearing capacity equation and the dynamic pressure bearing capacity equation of micro-beveled rectangular cavity affected by different speed and angle are deduced. CFD and FLUENT are used to simulate the oil film lubrication performance of bearings at higher speeds of 100 r/min， 120 r/min， 140 r/min， 160 r/min， 180 r/min and 200 r/min， respectively. The comprehensive influence law of oil cavity pressure， fluid velocity， vorticity and flow rate is revealed under the influence of higher speed changes. Finally， the oil film pressure field affected by higher speeds is tested under certain wedge height and higher speed， which verifies the theoretical analysis and simulation. It is found that hydrostatic failure of flat oil pad is very obvious at high speed. The micro-bevel oil pad can compensate the hydrostatic loss by the high-speed operation of the hydrostatic bearing. The dynamic pressure compensation range of the bearing is 16%~30%. The experimental and numerical simulation results of bearing operation have a good consistency at higher speeds.

Key words: heavy-duty hydrostatic bearing, lubrication failure, compensate, micro-beveled, dynamic pressure

中图分类号:

TH122

张艳芹,罗义,倪世钱,伍儒康,张志全. 微斜面式重型静压轴承润滑油膜高速特性[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2021, 51(2): 450-457.

Yan-qin ZHANG,Yi LUO,Shi-qian NI,Ru-kang WU,Zhi-quan ZHANG. High⁃speed characteristics of micro⁃beveled heavy duty hydrostatic bearing lubricant oil film[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2021, 51(2): 450-457.

图/表 15

图1

表1

轴承结构参数"

参数	数值	参数	数值
转台自重/t	9.85	油腔长度/mm	300
最大工件重/t	32	油腔宽度/mm	190
转台直径/mm	4500	进油孔直径/mm	15
转速范围/(r·min^-1)	1~200	油腔深度/mm	3
油垫个数	12	初始油膜厚度/mm	0.1
液压油牌号	32#	四周封油边宽度/mm	11
液压油黏度/（ $P a ? s$ ）	0.045	导轨内半径/mm	692.5
液压油密度/(kg·m^-3)	880	导轨外半径/mm	975

表1

图2

图3

图4

图5

图6

图7

表2

表3

20 t不同转速下静压轴承的动压补偿率 (%)"

转速/ (r·min^-1)	$Δ h / m m$
转速/ (r·min^-1)	0.02	0.04	0.06	0.08	0.10
100	10.56	13.78	16.87	16.29	15.21
120	11.50	16.32	20.19	21.15	21.65
140	11.78	17.54	21.96	23.61	24.82
160	12.29	18.65	23.77	25.87	27.78
180	14.09	20.33	26.43	28.70	31.01
200	15.67	22.67	28.49	31.91	34.65

表3

图8

图9

图10

图11

图12

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微斜面式重型静压轴承润滑油膜高速特性

High⁃speed characteristics of micro⁃beveled heavy duty hydrostatic bearing lubricant oil film

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转速/(r·min^-1)	失效率/%
100	17.3
120	17.8
140	18.7
160	19.7
180	21.1
200	22.2