超声处置石油沥青的流变学响应及响应机理

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20230712

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为确定超声处置石油沥青的流变学响应规律，本文采用系列流变学测试手段，分析了3种典型石油沥青经历超声处置前后的指标变化。研究发现，超声使沥青高温实时黏度降低50%以上，并具有不可恢复的残留影响；中温时处置沥青略变软，触变界限提高；低温时处置沥青的蠕变能力降低。化学和微观分析表明，沥青中重质组分含量明显减少，沥青质聚集体均化分散。超声作用时的选择性不均匀加压加热引起沥青的裂化反应，是化学和流变性质变化的原因。功率超声对石油沥青的这种显著理化影响有用于温拌、再生、改性加工等道路工程技术的可能。

关键词: 道路工程, 沥青, 功率超声, 流变性质, 响应机理, 裂化反应

Abstract:

In order to determine the rheological response of ultrasonically disposed petroleum asphalt， a series of rheological tests were used to analyze the changes in the indexes of three typical petroleum asphalt before and after undergoing ultrasonic disposal. It was found that ultrasound reduces the real-time viscosity of asphalt at high temperature by more than 50%， and has an irrecoverable residual effect； the disposal asphalt becomes slightly softer and the thixotropic limit is increased at mid-temperature； and the creep capacity of the disposal asphalt is reduced at low temperature. Chemical and microanalysis showed that the content of heavy components in the asphalt was significantly reduced， and asphaltene aggregates were homogenized and dispersed. Selective inhomogeneous pressurized heating during ultrasound action induced a cracking reaction in the asphalt， which was responsible for the changes in chemical and rheological properties. This significant physicochemical effect of power ultrasound on petroleum asphalt has the potential to be used in road engineering techniques such as warm mixing， recycling， and modified processing.

Key words: road engineering, asphalt, power ultrasound, rheological properties, response mechanism, cracking reaction

中图分类号:

U414

王黎明,宋子坤,周辉,魏文,袁浩. 超声处置石油沥青的流变学响应及响应机理[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2025, 55(4): 1346-1355.

Li-ming WANG,Zi-kun SONG,Hui ZHOU,Wen WEI,Hao YUAN. Rheological response and response mechanism of petroleum asphalt treated with ultrasound[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2025, 55(4): 1346-1355.

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指标		测值
指标		50号	70号	90号
针入度P（25 ℃，5 s，100 g）/0.1 mm		44.5	75.1	85.4
针入度指数PI		-1.20	-1.62	-1.63
软化点（R&B）/℃		54.2	48.2	47.0
15 ℃延度/cm		87	＞100	＞100
RT FO 后	质量变化/%	-0.11	-0.22	-0.51
	残留针入度比/%	71	65	66
	15℃残留延度/cm	19	53	55
产地/来源		塞内加尔/ERESSENEGAL	中国/中石化茂名石化公司	中国/北方盘锦沥青公司

条件	50#	70#	90#
超声处置前CI	2.33	2.57	3.55
超声处置后CI	2.57	2.61	3.76
处置后CI值相对变化/%	10.2	1.4	6.1