奥氏体不锈钢在单调和循环加载下的力学性能

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20230569

吉林大学学报(工学版) ›› 2025, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (3): 912-924.doi: 10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20230569

奥氏体不锈钢在单调和循环加载下的力学性能

颜建煌¹(),王志勇²,汤恩宏³,韩雪⁴,李海锋¹(),姜子钦⁵

^1.华侨大学土木工程学院，福建厦门 361021
^2.漳州城投设计咨询集团有限公司，福建漳州 363007
^3.福建宏昌建设集团有限公司，福建龙岩 364030
^4.厦门工学院建筑科学与土木工程学院，福建厦门 361021
^5.北京工业大学建筑工程学院，北京 100124

收稿日期:2023-06-06 出版日期:2025-03-01 发布日期:2025-05-20
通讯作者: 李海锋 E-mail:jh-yan@foxmail.com;lihai_feng@126.com
作者简介:颜建煌（1995-），男，博士研究生.研究方向：钢结构.E-mail：jh-yan@foxmail.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(51778248);厦门市自然科学基金项目(3502Z202374088);厦门市建设局建设科技项目(XJK2023-1-5)

Mechanical properties of austenitic stainless steels under monotonic and cyclic loading

Jian-huang YAN¹(),Zhi-yong WANG²,En-hong TANG³,Xue HAN⁴,Hai-feng LI¹(),Zi-qin JIANG⁵

^1.College of Civil Engineering，Huaqiao University，Xiamen 361021，China
^2.Zhangzhou City Investment Design Consulting Group Co. ，Ltd. ，Zhangzhou 363007，China
^3.Fujian Hongchang Construction Group Co. ，Ltd. ，Longyan 364030，China
^4.School of Architecture and Civil Engineering，Xiamen Institute of Technology，Xiamen 361021，China
^5.College of Architecture and Civil Engineering，Beijing University of Technology，Beijing 100124，China

Received:2023-06-06 Online:2025-03-01 Published:2025-05-20
Contact: Hai-feng LI E-mail:jh-yan@foxmail.com;lihai_feng@126.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为促进奥氏体不锈钢在结构体系中应用，需要明确奥氏体不锈钢材料的力学性能。以材料类型和加载制度为变量，对33根棒状试件进行试验测试，获得了应力-应变曲线、应力-时间曲线以及骨架曲线，探讨了屈强比、滞回耗能和断后伸长率等力学性能指标的影响规律。在此基础上，拟合得出Johnson-Cook模型（J-C模型）的参数值，并采用ABAQUS软件建立了奥氏体不锈钢试件的有限元模型，数值模拟结果与试验结果吻合较好，验证了有限元建模方法的准确性以及J-C模型的适用性。试验结果表明：奥氏体不锈钢试件的应力-应变曲线具有显著的非线性特征，均有弹性阶段、强化阶段以及局部变形阶段，但没有明显的屈服平台；316型号奥氏体不锈钢试件在循环加载下的屈强比达到了0.857，滞回耗能和断后伸长率明显下降，其塑性变形能力逐渐减弱；303、304型号奥氏体不锈钢试件在单调和循环加载下的屈强比、滞回耗能以及断后伸长率等力学性能指标较为接近，二者具有良好的塑性变形能力。

关键词: 奥氏体不锈钢, 低周疲劳, 力学性能, 耗能

Abstract:

To promote the application of austenitic stainless steel in structural systems， it is necessary to clarify the mechanical properties of austenitic stainless steel materials. By material types and loading systems as variables， a total of 33 bar-shaped specimens were subjected to testing， yielding stress-strain curves， stress-time curves， and skeleton curves. The influence of mechanical properties such as yield ratio， hysteretic energy dissipation and percentage elongation after fracture was thoroughly examined. The parameter values of the Johnson-Cook model （J-C model） were obtained by fitting， and the finite element model of austenitic stainless steel specimens was established using ABAQUS software. The numerical simulation results showed good agreement with the experimental results， which confirmed both the accuracy of the finite element modeling method and the applicability of the J-C model. The test results show that the stress-strain curves of austenitic stainless steel specimens exhibit including elastic phase， strengthening phase， and local deformation phase， but no obvious yield platform is observed. The yield ratio of 316 austenitic stainless steel specimens under cyclic loading reached 0.857， while the hysteretic energy dissipation and percentage elongation after fracture decreased significantly， and its plastic deformation ability gradually weakened. The mechanical properties such as yield ratio， hysteretic energy dissipation and percentage elongation after fracture of 303 and 304 austenitic stainless steel specimens under monotonic and cyclic loading are relatively similar， and both of them have good plastic deformation ability.

Key words: austenitic stainless steel, low-cycle fatigue loading, mechanical properties, energy dissipation

中图分类号:

TU391

颜建煌,王志勇,汤恩宏,韩雪,李海锋,姜子钦. 奥氏体不锈钢在单调和循环加载下的力学性能[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2025, 55(3): 912-924.

Jian-huang YAN,Zhi-yong WANG,En-hong TANG,Xue HAN,Hai-feng LI,Zi-qin JIANG. Mechanical properties of austenitic stainless steels under monotonic and cyclic loading[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2025, 55(3): 912-924.

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试件编号	材料类型	加载模式	试件编号	材料类型	加载模式
A-1	303	NM1	B-5a	304	NM5a
A-2	303	NM2	B-5b	304	NM5b
A-3	303	NM3	B-5c	304	NM5c
A-4a	303	NM4a	B-6	304	NM6
A-4b	303	NM4b	B-7	304	NM7
A-4c	303	NM4c	C-1	316	NM1
A-5a	303	NM5a	C-2	316	NM2
A-5b	303	NM5b	C-3	316	NM3
A-5c	303	NM5c	C-4a	316	NM4a
A-6	303	NM6	C-4b	316	NM4b
A-7	303	NM7	C-4c	316	NM4c
B-1	304	NM1	C-5a	316	NM5a
B-2	304	NM2	C-5b	316	NM5b
B-3	304	NM3	C-5c	316	NM5c
B-4a	304	NM4a	C-6	316	NM6
B-4b	304	NM4b	C-7	316	NM7
B-4c	304	NM4c	—	—	—

试件	σ_y/MPa	σ_u/MPa	ε_u	δ	E/J	A	破坏类别
A-1	543.02	751.20	0.428	0.723	367.95	0.536	Ⅱ
A-2	557.05	770.58	0.450	0.723	393.20	0.554	Ⅰ
A-3	537.72	765.84	0.424	0.702	370.08	0.522	Ⅰ
A-4a	563.14	765.19	0.447	0.736	358.25	0.507	Ⅱ
A-4b	557.89	770.22	0.449	0.724	354.63	0.499	Ⅱ
A-4c	547.57	773.87	0.204	0.708	161.84	0.227	Ⅱ
A-5a	598.93	771.71	0.426	0.776	382.86	0.537	Ⅰ
A-5b	570.55	783.51	0.426	0.728	395.48	0.542	Ⅰ
A-5c	513.61	781.66	0.391	0.657	305.23	0.420	Ⅰ
A-6	565.11	775.63	0.422	0.729	391.25	0.547	Ⅰ
A-7	559.24	780.13	0.427	0.717	394.26	0.547	Ⅱ
B-1	549.38	762.32	0.486	0.721	390.64	0.552	Ⅱ
B-2	544.07	742.46	0.495	0.733	406.38	0.580	Ⅰ
B-3	553.62	771.96	0.488	0.717	401.55	0.571	Ⅰ
B-4a	535.98	743.05	0.502	0.721	407.03	0.582	Ⅱ
B-4b	519.96	733.99	0.493	0.708	394.82	0.572	Ⅰ
B-5a	535.94	738.12	0.497	0.726	408.10	0.583	Ⅰ
B-5b	522.01	734.24	0.513	0.711	418.36	0.601	Ⅰ
B-5c	529.92	737.89	0.517	0.718	417.35	0.592	Ⅰ
B-6	521.33	734.39	0.520	0.710	418.96	0.606	Ⅰ
C-1	598.90	827.83	0.431	0.723	384.39	0.495	Ⅱ
C-2	621.69	777.73	0.257	0.799	283.23	0.386	Ⅰ
C-3	616.79	787.85	0.195	0.783	304.27	0.412	Ⅰ
C-4a	606.24	776.47	0.197	0.781	282.73	0.392	Ⅱ
C-4b	709.03	839.64	0.197	0.844	315.11	0.311	Ⅱ
C-4c	634.71	797.34	0.190	0.796	312.88	0.411	Ⅰ
C-5a	633.75	784.60	0.194	0.808	308.35	0.408	Ⅰ
C-5b	624.73	788.08	0.173	0.793	274.44	0.364	Ⅱ
C-5c	640.62	788.45	0.176	0.813	292.24	0.390	Ⅱ
C-6	629.28	790.61	0.279	0.796	273.31	0.366	Ⅱ
C-7	719.40	839.56	0.189	0.857	245.53	0.296	Ⅰ

材料类型	b/MPa	n
A组（303）	316	0.579 5
B组（304）	322	0.408 7
C组（316）	299	0.480 8

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奥氏体不锈钢在单调和循环加载下的力学性能

Mechanical properties of austenitic stainless steels under monotonic and cyclic loading

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