燃料电池膜电极的催化剂载量面分布非均匀设计

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20240478

Abstract

Abstract:

To improve the magnitude and distribution uniformity of current density at various locations of the fuel cell membrane electrode， a polynomial function is used to approximate the distribution law of catalyst loading， and a weighted objective function is constructed for the average current density and current density uniformity of the fuel cell. By using numerical simulation to solve the mapping relationship between polynomial coefficients and weighted objective function， the distribution function can be optimized. The results showed that compared with fuel cells with uniformly distributed catalyst loading， fuel cells with optimized non-uniform catalyst loading distribution showed a significant improvement in current density uniformity， although the average current density slightly decreased. Considering both the magnitude and uniformity of fuel cell current density，non-uniform catalyst loading surface surpasses the uniform one. Furthermore， the first-order distribution function indicates greater advantages.

Key words: proton exchange membrane fuel cell, non-uniform distribution of catalysts, uniformity of current density, average current density, multi-objective optimization

CLC Number:

TM911.4

Qin-wen YANG,Xu WANG,Gang XIAO. Non⁃uniform design of catalyst distribution for fuel cell membrane electrode assembly[J].Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2025, 55(12): 3814-3821.

Figures/Tables 14

Table 1

Fig.1

Table 2

Fig.2

Table 3

Fig.3

Fig.4

Fig.5

Fig.6

Table 4

Constraint condition"

情况1	情况2	情况3	情况4
$a 3 + b 2 + c = 1 - b 2 a < 0 a > 0 c > 0$	$a 3 + b 2 + c = 1 0 < - b 2 a < 1 a > 0 c > 0 a + b + c > 0$	$a 3 + b 2 + c = 1 0 < - b 2 a < 1 a < 0 c > 0 a + b + c > 0$	$a 3 + b 2 + c = 1 - b 2 a > 1 a < 0 c > 0$

Table 4

Fig.7

Fig.8

Fig.9

Table 5

Optimal catalyst distribution function"

最优分布函数	加权目标函数	电流密度均匀性提升/%	平均电流密度提升/%
$f x = 0.5 x + 0.75$	0.000 79	0.535	-0.377
$f x = 0.9 x + 0.55$	0.002 18	1.063	-1.048
$f x = 0.9 x 2 + 0.6 x + 0.4$	0.005 91	1.970	-2.627
$f x = 0.6 x 2 + x + 0.3$	0.010 94	2.147	-3.118
$f x = 1.8 x + 0.1$	0.016 67	2.369	-4.643
$f x = 1.9 x + 0.05$	0.023 71	2.371	-5.477

Table 5

References 17

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电流/A	阳极计量比	阴极计量比	气体出口压力/kPa	气体露点温度/℃	气体入口温度/℃
0	14.34	12.03	60	68	80
5	43.02	36.11	60	68	80
10	21.51	18.05	60	68	80
15	14.34	12.03	60	68	80
20	10.75	9.03	60	68	80
22.5	9.56	8.02	60	68	80
25	8.6	7.22	60	68	80
27.5	7.82	6.56	60	68	80
30	7.17	6.02	60	68	80
35	6.15	5.16	60	68	80
40	5.38	4.51	60	68	80
45	4.78	4.01	60	68	80
50	4.3	3.61	60	68	80

参数名称	单位	阳极侧值	阴极侧值
流道高度	mm	1	1
流道宽度	mm	1	1
气体扩散层厚度	mm	0.2	0.2
催化层厚度	mm	0.01	0.01
质子交换膜厚度	mm	0.05	0.05
气体扩散层孔隙率	-	0.6	0.6
催化层孔隙率	-	0.2	0.2
有效面积	cm²	25	25
操作压力	Pa	101 325	101 325

参数名称	单位	阳极侧值	阴极侧值
参考交换电流密度	A/m²	30 000	50
参考浓度	kmol/m³	0.8	0.8
浓度指数	-	0.05	0.002
转移系数	-	1	1

Non⁃uniform design of catalyst distribution for fuel cell membrane electrode assembly

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