含电动汽车的微电网模型预测负荷频率控制

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb20180421

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

对含电动汽车的孤岛微电网负荷频率控制问题进行了研究，分析了柴油发电机和电动汽车的调频特性，并基于电动汽车调频特性利用模型预测控制方法实现了对含电动汽车的微电网系统的负荷频率控制。仿真结果表明：在系统受到负荷阶跃波动时，本文提出的模型预测控制器能合理地分配各系统的输出，快速消除频率波动，在为用户提供高质量电力的同时也延长了设备使用寿命。

关键词: 自动控制技术, 模型预测控制, 负荷频率控制, 微电网, 电动汽车

Abstract:

With the development of the Vehicle-to-Microgrid (V2M) technique, Electrical Vehicles (EVs), which are considered as the controllable loads and also as the distributed energy storage units, are used to alleviate the frequency fluctuation of microgrid caused by the intermittent new energy. This paper studies the load frequency control problem of microgrid with EVs. Frequency regulation characteristics of the diesel generator and EVs are analyzed, respectively. Then, the model predictive control strategy is proposed for the load frequency control of microgrid with EVs. The simulation results show that when the system is subjected to a step load fluctuation, the proposed model predictive control strategy can reasonably allocate the output of each system, and quickly eliminate the frequency fluctuation. Moreover, it also extends the life of the generators while providing high-quality power to customers.

Key words: automatic control technology, model predictive control, load frequency control, microgrid, electrical vehicle

中图分类号:

TP273

马苗苗,潘军军,刘向杰. 含电动汽车的微电网模型预测负荷频率控制[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2019, 49(5): 1644-1652.

Miao-miao MA,Jun-jun PAN,Xiang-jie LIU. Model predictive load frequency control of microgrid with electrical vehicles[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2019, 49(5): 1644-1652.

图/表 8

图1

图2

图3

图4

图5

表1

含电动汽车的微电网系统参数"

微电网系统

参数

数值

$T g$ /s

$T d$ /s

R/(Hz·pu^-1·MW)

$δ d g$ /(pu·MW·s^-1)

$μ d g$ /(pu·MW)

0.1

2.5

0.0018

0.06

EV1

$T e 1$ /s

$δ e 1$ /(pu·MW·s^-1)

$μ e 1$ /(pu·WM)

$E m a x$ /(pu·MW·h)

$E m i n$ /(pu MW·h)

0.02

0.025

0.95

0.80

EV2

$T e 2$ /s

$δ e 2$ /(pu·MW·s^-1)

$μ e 2$ /(pu·MW)

$E m a x$ /(pu·MW·h)

$E m i n$ /(pu·MW·h)

0.02

0.015

0.90

0.80

表1

图6

图7

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