增程式电动汽车增程器多点控制策略优化

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb20210168

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对增程式电动汽车增程器多点控制策略的优化问题，提出了一种基于多目标参数优化结果的增程器能量管理控制策略。首先，基于AVL-Cruise和Matlab-Simulink软件搭建整车系统仿真控制模型，基于NSGA-Ⅱ算法，以循环工况下的系统能耗、排放和电池容量衰减率为目标函数，以增程器最小持续工作时间为优化变量，构建了多目标优化模型。离线优化得到综合评估指标下的发动机最小持续工作时间Pareto最优解。设计了模糊控制器，在线实时调整发动机各工作点最小持续工作时间。结果表明：可实时调参的增程器多点控制策略能有效平衡能耗、排放和电池容量衰减率的关系，在有效降低能耗和排放的同时维持了较小的电池容量衰减率。

关键词: 车辆工程, 能量管理, 增程器控制策略, NSGA-Ⅱ算法, 多目标优化

Abstract:

Aiming at the multi-objective optimization（MOO） problem of multi-point control strategy for auxiliary power unit（APU） of the range-extended electric vehicle， an energy management control strategy for APU based on MOO results is proposed. Firstly， the vehicle simulation model was established on AVL-Cruise and Matlab-Simulink software， and a MOO model was built with the system energy consumption， emissions and battery capacity attenuation rate as the objective functions based on NSGA-Ⅱ algorithm， the minimum continuous working time of the engine was taken as the optimization variable. In off-line optimization， Pareto optimal solution was obtained under the comprehensive objective. An real-time adaptive fuzzy controller was designed and the minimum continuous working time of the engine was adjusted online. Simulation results show that the proposed strategy can effectively balance the relationship among energy consumption， emissions and battery capacity decay rate， while effectively reducing energy consumption and emissions while maintaining a small battery capacity loss rate.

Key words: vehicle engineering, energy management, auxiliary power unit control strategy, NSGA-Ⅱ algorithm, multi-objective optimization

中图分类号:

U461.8

刘汉武,雷雨龙,阴晓峰,付尧,李兴忠. 增程式电动汽车增程器多点控制策略优化[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2022, 52(8): 1741-1750.

Han-wu LIU,Yu-long LEI,Xiao-feng YIN,Yao FU,Xing-zhong LI. Multi⁃point control strategy optimization for auxiliary power unit of range⁃extended electric vehicle[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2022, 52(8): 1741-1750.

图/表 18

图1

图2

表1

车辆模型参数"

参数	数值	参数	数值
满载重量/kg	1700	旋转质量换算系数	1.1
电池容量/kW $?$ h	20	总传动比	4.2
轴距/mm	2865	机械效率	0.96
前轴到质心距离/mm	1352	低负荷功率/kW	8
前轴到质心距离/mm	1513	中负荷功率/kW	16
质心高度/mm	500	高负荷功率/kW	28
迎风面积/m²	1.66	电量维持阶段SoC	0.3

表1

图3

图4

图5

图6

图7

图8

图9

表2

评价函数Pareto解集范围"

观测指标	$μ i k m i n$	$μ i k m a x$
C_{oil_ele}	0.728	0.755
E_com	0.42	0.70
Q_loss/%	8.5	12.3
I_com	0.65	0.83

表2

表3

表4

表5

表6

图10

表7

图11

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控制策略	C_{oil_ele}	?C_{oil_ele}/%
策略一	0.739	-
策略二	0.735	-14.82
策略三	0.748	33.33
策略四PACS	0.731	-29.63

控制策略	E_com	?E_com/%
策略一	0.52	-
策略二	0.48	-14.29
策略三	0.59	24.87
策略四PACS	0.46	-21.43

控制策略	Q_loss/10^-3	?Q_loss/%
策略一	11.2%	-
策略二	11.9%	18.42
策略三	8.8%	-63.16
策略四PACS	10.4%	-21.11

控制策略	I_com	?I_com/%
策略一	0.72	-
策略二	0.76	23.53
策略三	0.74	11.76
策略四PACS	0.81	53.94

部件	型号
电涡流测功机	CAMA CW-260
程控系统	CAMA FST-4
功率分析仪	YOKOGAWA WT-1800
永磁同步电机	GLMP15L0