基于排气热管理的柴油机氧化催化器升温特性

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb20181240

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为研究柴油机颗粒捕集器（DPF）再生升温过程中所采用的排气热管理措施对柴油机氧化型催化器（DOC）升温特性及其他发动机性能的影响，选取低转速、中小负荷下的两个低排温的典型工况点进行试验研究。试验结果表明：增加次后喷油量对DOC入口排气温度影响较小，可提高DOC内部升温速率、缩短升温速率峰值到达时间，且负荷越大效果越明显；次后喷油量的增加能提高DOC对HC的转化效率，但由于HC基数的增多会导致DOC后的HC逃逸量增多；增加次后喷油量也会增加发动机的比油耗和加重发动机的机油稀释程度，需要合理控制次后喷油量；进气节流阀开度减小，节流作用增强，进气流量降低，DOC入口温度上升，DOC内部升温响应速度变缓但升温速率峰值增大。升温过程中，峰值温度出现在DOC中后部且温度梯度大。试验研究成果可为DPF主动再生方法及温升策略提供试验依据。

关键词: 动力机械工程, 排气热管理, 柴油机氧化催化器, 升温特性

Abstract:

Diesel engines have been widely applied in the fields of transportation and manufacturing due to their advantages such as good power, economy and reliability, but the subsequent pollutant emissions are increasingly serious. Among them, the particular emissions seriously pollute the environment and endanger human health. As emission regulations are becoming gradually stricter, the after-treatment technology to control particulate emission has been a hot spot for research. Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) has been proved to be the most effective after-treatment equipment to control diesel particulate emission, but the regeneration method and strategy of DPF are the key technical questions. DPF regeneration technology generally includes active regeneration and passive regeneration. Active regeneration has become the mainstream of DPF regeneration method due to its completeness and safety. The precise control of DPF regeneration temperature is the key to its thoroughness and safety. In order to study the influence of exhaust thermal management measures on the heating characteristics of Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC) and other engine performances during DPF regeneration of diesel engine, two typical working condition modes at low speed and medium-light load (working condition 1 was 1 250 r/min and 25% load, working condition 2 was 1 250 r/min and 40% load), which had low exhaust temperature, were selected to research. The test results show that increasing late post injection quantity has little effect on the exhaust temperature at the entrance of DOC. The heating rate inside DOC is increased and the time of peak heating rate is shortened, and the heavier the load the more obvious the effect. The conversion efficiency of hydrocarbon (HC) is improved but HC emissions deterioration is obvious, Brake Specific Fuel Consumption (BSFC) and oil dilution are worsened. Therefore, the late post injection quantity should be controlled reasonably. When the intake throttle opening is reduced, the air intake mass flow is decreased, the exhaust temperature at DOC inlet is increased, the heating response is slowed but the peak of heating rate is higher. The peak temperature appeares at middle and posterior of DOC during heating process. The experimental results and conclusion lay experimental foundation for DPF active regeneration method and strategy.

Key words: power machinery and engineering, exhaust thermal management, diesel engine oxidation catalyst, heating characteristics

中图分类号:

TK421

王建,许鑫,顾晗,张多军,刘胜吉. 基于排气热管理的柴油机氧化催化器升温特性[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2020, 50(2): 408-416.

Jian WANG,Xin XU,Han GU,Duo-jun ZHANG,Sheng-ji LIU. Heating characteristics of DOC based on exhaust thermal management of diesel engine[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2020, 50(2): 408-416.

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项目	技术参数
结构形式	直列、4缸、4气门、高压共轨燃油系统
缸径×行程/mm×mm	95×87.4
总排量/L	2.5
压缩比	17
标定功率/kW	90
标定转速/（r·min^-1）	3 600

项目	DOC	DPF
载体材料	堇青石	碳化硅
载体尺寸/mm×mm	118.4×?152.4	143.8×?177.8
孔目数/cpsi	400	300
催化剂密度/（g.cm^-3）	0.31	0.76
贵金属种类	Pt/Pd	Pt/Pd
外部形状	圆柱体	圆柱体

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