近断层大跨RC轻柔拱桥纵向阻尼器减震研究

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20220845

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为提升高烈度近断层地区大跨轻柔拱桥的纵向抗震性能，通过非线性时程分析，探讨了某上承式RC拱桥黏滞阻尼器的适用性。对比该新型拱桥与常规RC拱桥结构体系、动力特性的差异，明确了其地震损伤路径，优化了阻尼器布置方案，探究了近远断层地震动下墩柱响应规律及减震效果，考虑了高阶振型的影响，结合易损性说明了减震方案的合理性。结果表明：此类轻柔拱桥在近断层纵竖向设计地震下，中等高度立柱最易损伤，而拱肋保持弹性；在桥台及高柱处布置阻尼器的减震效果最佳；受高阶振型影响，设置阻尼器后的高墩柱墩身剪力及弯矩包络“S”形分布更显著；在近场脉冲及远场长周期地震下的结构响应更大，受位移脉冲的影响阻尼器滞回环会出现突变，但耗能显著、减震效果突出；4类近远场地震动下黏滞阻尼器均可有效降低拱桥墩柱的损伤概率，适用性较优，但需满足大出力、大量程的地震需求。

关键词: 桥梁工程, 大跨轻柔拱桥, 近远断层地震动, 减震性能, 高阶振型, 易损性分析

Abstract:

To improve the longitudinal seismic performance of long-span soft-lighten arch bridges in high-intensity near-fault regions， the applicability of viscous dampers was discussed for an upper-deck RC arch bridge through the nonlinear time history analysis. The structural system and dynamic characteristics of the novel arch bridge were compared with those of the conventional RC arch bridge. The seismic damage path was explored and the layout schemes of the viscous damper were optimized. The structural response and the mitigation due to dampers were investigated under the near-field and far-field ground motions. The influence of high-order mode was analyzed. The rationality of the mitigation design was investigated based on fragility analysis. The results show that the medium height column is vulnerable to near-field longitudinal and vertical design earthquake， while the arch rib remains elastic. The overall mitigation effect is the best when the dampers are located on the abutments and high columns. The S-shaped distribution of shear force and bending moment envelope of high column with damper is more obvious than the others due to the influence of high-order mode. The structural responses are larger with significant energy dissipation and efficient mitigation under near-field impulse and far-field long-period earthquakes than the other conditions， and the hysteresis loop of the damper would suddenly change under the influence of displacement pulse. The damage probability of mitigation design with excellent application is effectively decreased under four types of near-field and far-field earthquakes. However， the damper should meet the seismic requirements of large force and stroke.

Key words: bridge engineering, soft-lighten long-span arch bridge, near-field and far-field ground motions, seismic mitigation performance, high-order mode, fragility analysis

中图分类号:

U448

邵长江,崔皓蒙,漆启明,庄卫林. 近断层大跨RC轻柔拱桥纵向阻尼器减震研究[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2024, 54(5): 1355-1367.

Chang-jiang SHAO,Hao-meng CUI,Qi-ming QI,Wei-lin ZHUANG. Longitudinal seismic mitigation of near⁃fault long⁃span RC soft⁃lighten arch bridge based on viscous damper[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2024, 54(5): 1355-1367.

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连接单元		连接属性
板式橡胶支座		剪切刚度k/（kN·m^-1）
	P2、P7、P8、P15、P16及P21处	P5、P6、P17及P18处	P3、P4、P19及P20处
	3675	6125	9198
四氟滑板支座	初始刚度k₀/（kN·m^-1）	临界滑动摩擦力F_max/kN	等效刚度k_eff/（kN·m^-1）
四氟滑板支座	6750	40	208
黏滞阻尼器	阻尼系数C/（kN·（m·s^-1）^-^α ）	速度指数α
黏滞阻尼器	500~6000	0.2~0.8

序号	周期/s	质量参与系数/%	振型特征
1	3.970	60.98	主拱纵向弯曲、主梁纵向平动
5	2.074	2.12	梁拱反对称竖弯
11	0.837	1.94	主跨梁拱反对称竖弯
43	0.403	0.96	墩P6、P7、P16、P19纵向弯曲
50	0.350	0.75	墩P7、P15纵向弯曲
67	0.261	0.90	墩P5、P8纵向弯曲
81	0.211	0.75	墩P5、P14纵向弯曲
98	0.173	3.41	主跨梁拱反对称竖弯
102	0.161	11.36	主跨梁拱纵向平动
200	0.006	1.03	墩P1及主拱拱肋根部纵向弯曲

地震动	断层距/km	PGA/g	PGV/（m?s^-1）	PGD/m	PGV/PGA/s	PGD/PGV/s
NP	5.09	0.35	0.76	0.57	0.22	0.76
NF	7.29	0.27	0.25	0.09	0.09	0.37
FF	50.10	0.12	0.13	0.03	0.11	0.20
FL	36.92	0.11	0.12	0.08	0.11	0.66

损伤状态	判断依据	曲率/m^-1	曲率延性比
轻微损伤	纵筋首次屈服	2.40E-03	1.000
中等损伤	截面等效屈服	3.01E-03	1.256
严重损伤	混凝土压应变达到0.004	7.75E-03	3.235
完全破坏	截面破坏	1.58E-02	6.573