动力电池应急冷却喷射模式实验分析

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb20210213

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对电动汽车行驶过程中动力电池的热失控问题，提出一种动力电池应急热管理系统，将高压液态制冷剂直接喷射至电池表面，对过热电池进行应急管控。搭建试验台并进行实验，分析喷射时长、喷射占空比和喷射频率对系统冷却效果的影响。实验结果表明：连续喷射5 s时，单位质量制冷剂平均温降远低于连续喷射6 s，可达－41.94 ℃/kg，制冷剂利用效率有所提升；当脉冲喷射占空比为90%时，系统的冷却效果和对制冷剂的利用效率均超过相同实验条件下的连续喷射，系统冷却能力提升可达10%；当脉冲喷射喷射频率为2 Hz时，系统冷却能力超过相同实验条件下的连续喷射，冷却能力提升达19.4%。

关键词: 车辆工程, 热失控, 应急热管理, 喷射模式

Abstract:

Aiming at the thermal runaway problem of power battery during the use of electric vehicles， a power battery emergency thermal management system is proposed in this paper， which sprays high-pressure liquid refrigerant onto the surface of overheated battery to cool the battery in seconds. Experiments were conducted to analyze the effects of spray time， spray duty cycle and spray frequency on the cooling capacity of the system. The results show that when the spray time is 5 s， the average temperature drop of unit mass refrigerant is much lower than that of spray time is 6 s， which can be －41.94 ℃/kg， and the utilization efficiency of refrigerant is improved； when the duty cycle of pulse injection is 90%， the cooling capacity of the system can be enhanced by 10% than that of continuous spray， and the utilization efficiency of refrigerant also improves slightly； when the frequency of pulse injection is 2 Hz， the cooling capacity of the system exceeds that of continuous spray， and the cooling capacity of the system can be enhanced by 19.4%.

Key words: vehicle engineering, thermal runaway, emergency thermal management, spray mode

中图分类号:

U469

高青,王浩东,刘玉彬,金石,陈宇. 动力电池应急冷却喷射模式实验分析[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2022, 52(8): 1733-1740.

Qing GAO,Hao-dong WANG,Yu-bin LIU,Shi JIN,Yu CHEN. Experimental analysis on spray mode of power battery emergency cooling[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2022, 52(8): 1733-1740.

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