自走式藜麦联合收割机设计及试验

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20211199

吉林大学学报(工学版) ›› 2023, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (9): 2686-2694.doi: 10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20211199

自走式藜麦联合收割机设计及试验

史瑞杰¹(),戴飞¹,赵武云¹(),杨发荣²,张锋伟¹,赵一鸣¹,曲浩¹,王天福¹,郭军海¹

^1.甘肃农业大学机电工程学院，兰州 730070
^2.甘肃省农业科学院畜草与绿色农业研究所，兰州 730070

收稿日期:2021-11-04 出版日期:2023-09-01 发布日期:2023-10-09
通讯作者: 赵武云 E-mail:aete_fcb@163.com;zhaowy@gsau.edu.cn
作者简介:史瑞杰（1993-），男，博士.研究方向：北方特色作物机械化收获技术与装备.E-mail：aete_fcb@163.com
基金资助:
中央引导地方科技发展专项项目(ZCYD-2020-6-2);甘肃省农业农村厅科技项目(NJ2020-07);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设项目(CARS-14-1-28);甘肃农业大学伏羲青年英才培养计划项目(Gaufx-03Y01);甘肃省教育厅优秀研究生“创新之星”项目(2021CXZX-362)

Design and experiments of self⁃propelled quinoa combine harvester

Rui-jie SHI¹(),Fei DAI¹,Wu-yun ZHAO¹(),Fa-rong YANG²,Feng-wei ZHANG¹,Yi-ming ZHAO¹,Hao QU¹,Tian-fu WANG¹,Jun-hai GUO¹

^1.College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering，Gansu Agricultural University，Lanzhou 730070，China
^2.Livestock Grass and Green Agriculture，Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Lanzhou 730070，China

Received:2021-11-04 Online:2023-09-01 Published:2023-10-09
Contact: Wu-yun ZHAO E-mail:aete_fcb@163.com;zhaowy@gsau.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为提高藜麦机械化收获水平，解决普通谷物联合收割机收获时损失大、含杂高、喂入不畅等问题，针对收获期藜麦植株特性设计了一种大型自走式藜麦联合收割机。该机采用扩口式小行距链齿喂入割台、组合式纵轴流脱粒滚筒、专用编织筛凹板、双层往复式异向振动筛等装置，配合宽体过桥、脱粒滚筒无级变速和大脱分空间等设计实现了藜麦的顺畅喂入和高效脱粒分离，对关键部件进行了设计分析，并进行了田间试验。田间试验结果表明：当藜麦籽粒含水率为14.42%时，脱净率为96.83%、含杂率为4.41%、破损率为0.2%、割台损失率为1.14%、夹带损失率为1.73%，清选损失率为1.09%、飞溅损失率为0.16%、总损失率为4.13%；作业期间机具运行平稳，满足藜麦机械化收获要求。本文研究成果可为藜麦联合收割机设计及试验提供一定参考。

关键词: 农业机械, 联合收割机, 藜麦, 割台, 脱粒滚筒

Abstract:

To improve the mechanization harvesting level of quinoa and solve the problems of a significant loss rate， high impurity rate， and poor feeding during harvesting of ordinary rice-wheat combine harvester， according to the characteristics of quinoa plants during the harvesting period， a sizeable self-propelled quinoa combine harvester was designed. The machine used flaring type small row spacing chain teeth feeding into the header， combined longitudinal axial flow threshing cylinder， unique woven screen concave， double reciprocating vibrating screen and other devices， cooperation wide bridge， threshing cylinder CVT regulation， and excellent space design to realize the smooth quinoa feeding and efficient threshing separation. Critical components for the design were analyzed， and a field experiment was carried out. The results of the field experiment showed that when the water content of quinoa grain was 14.42%， the threshing rate was 96.83%， the impurity rate was 4.41%， the damage rate was 0.2%， the header loss rate was 1.14%， the entrainment loss rate was 1.73%， the cleaning loss rate was 1.09%， the splash loss rate was 0.16%， the total loss rate was 4.13%. During the experiment， the machine runs smoothly and meets the mechanical harvesting of quinoa. This paper can provide some reference for the design and test of quinoa combine harvester.

Key words: agricultural machinery, combine harvester, quinoa, header, threshing cylinder

中图分类号:

S225.5

史瑞杰,戴飞,赵武云,杨发荣,张锋伟,赵一鸣,曲浩,王天福,郭军海. 自走式藜麦联合收割机设计及试验[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2023, 53(9): 2686-2694.

Rui-jie SHI,Fei DAI,Wu-yun ZHAO,Fa-rong YANG,Feng-wei ZHANG,Yi-ming ZHAO,Hao QU,Tian-fu WANG,Jun-hai GUO. Design and experiments of self⁃propelled quinoa combine harvester[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2023, 53(9): 2686-2694.

图/表 12

图1

图2

表1

自走式藜麦联合收割机技术参数"

参数	数值
整机尺寸（长×宽×高）/（mm×mm×mm）	7000×3375×3470
喂入量/（kg?s^-1）	10
作业速度/（m?s^-1）	0~2.68
额定功率/kW	129
额定转速/（r?min^-1）	2200
滚筒参数（外径×长度）/（mm×mm）	$?$ 600×3145
割台幅宽/mm	2800
离地间隙/mm	≥280
生产率/（hm²?h^-1）	0.6~1.6

表1

图3

图4

图5

图6

图7

图8

图9

图10

表2

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试验指标	脱净率/%	含杂率/%	破损率/%	割台损失率/%	夹带损失率/%	清选损失率/%	飞溅损失率/%	总损失率/%
标准值	≥95	≤5	≤3	≤3	≤3	≤3	≤3	≤5
试验结果	96.83	4.41	0.2	1.14	1.73	1.09	0.16	4.13

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自走式藜麦联合收割机设计及试验

Design and experiments of self⁃propelled quinoa combine harvester

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