滚筒式机收膜杂除土装置设计及试验

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20211267

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为解决机收膜杂含土率高的问题，设计了一种滚筒式机收膜杂除土装置，对装置内物料进行动力学分析，确定了该装置的基本参数。在此基础上，以滚筛转速、喂料速度、滚筛倾角和叶片螺距为试验因素，以除土率、漏膜率和工作效率为评价指标进行了四因素五水平的响应面试验，分析了各因素对膜土分离作业性能的影响规律，获得了最佳组合参数如下：滚筛转速为24.90 r/min、喂料速度为11.52 kg/min、滚筛倾角为-2°、叶片螺距为699.99 mm。在该条件下验证试验结果如下：除土率为92.48%、漏膜率为1.90‰、工作效率为7.61 kg/min，试验响应指标预测值与验证试验指标间误差分别为2.15%、5.79%、2.63%，表明所构建模型具有较好的预测可靠性，相关研究可为机收膜杂除土技术提供一定参考和理论支撑。

关键词: 农业机械化工程, 机收膜杂, 膜土分离, 滚筒筛, 响应面试验

Abstract:

Aiming at the problem of high soil content of residual film by mechanical recovery， a trommel with function of separating soil from residual film was designed. Through the analysis of kinetics of the residual film material in the device， the basic structure parameters of the device were determined. The rotational speed of the trommel， the feeding speed， the inclination angle of the trommel and the pitch of the spiral blade were selected as the test factors， and the soil removal rate， the rate of the leakage of residual film and the work efficiency were selected as the evaluation indicators. A four-factor， five-level test was designed using the Central-Composite-Design experimental design principle to analyze the effects of each factor on the operational performance of membrane soil separation. The comprehensive effects of various factors on the response index were analyzed by using Design-Expert software surface response diagram， which showed that the optimal rotational speed of the trommel， the feeding speed， the inclination angle of the trommel and the pitch of the spiral blade are 24.90 r/min， 11.52 kg/min， -2° and 699.99 mm，respectively. The experimental results under this parameter combination are 94.48%， 1.90‰ and 7.61 kg/min， respectively. The errors between the experimental results and the optimization results are 2.15%， 5.79%， 2.63%， respectively. The results indicate that the constructed model has good reliability. The device designed in this study meets the design requirements， can realize the effective separation of residual film and soil impurities， and is of great significance to the mitigation of rural ecological pollution and sustainable agricultural development.

Key words: agricultural mechanization engineering, residual film mixture by mechanical recovery, membrane soil separation, trommel, response surface test

中图分类号:

S223.5

周鹏飞,陈学庚,蒙贺伟,梁荣庆,张炳成,坎杂. 滚筒式机收膜杂除土装置设计及试验[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2023, 53(9): 2718-2731.

Peng-fei ZHOU,Xue-geng CHEN,He-wei MENG,Rong-qing LIANG,Bing-cheng ZHANG,Za KAN. Design and experiment of trommel with function of separating soil from residual film mixture[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2023, 53(9): 2718-2731.

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编码值	A/（r·min^-1）	B/（kg·min^-1）	C/（°）	D/mm
2	25	20	2	700
1	22.5	17.5	1	650
0	20	15	0	600
-1	17.5	12.5	-1	550
-2	15	10	-2	500

试验号	A	B	C	D	Y₁	Y₂	Y₃
1	-1	-1	-1	-1	90.80	3.44	8.27
2	1	-1	-1	-1	90.38	2.81	6.91
3	-1	1	-1	-1	89.54	3.39	5.43
4	1	1	-1	-1	88.28	2.85	6.71
5	-1	-1	1	-1	92.90	4.25	3.73
6	1	-1	1	-1	93.53	3.58	3.99
7	-1	1	1	-1	92.17	2.56	4.07
8	1	1	1	-1	91.64	3.52	4.08
9	-1	-1	-1	1	89.75	3.17	5.71
10	1	-1	-1	1	91.64	4.42	7.06
11	-1	1	-1	1	89.96	3.93	6.16
12	1	1	-1	1	89.75	5.83	7.08
13	-1	-1	1	1	88.49	3.24	3.65
14	1	-1	1	1	92.48	3.22	4.88
15	-1	1	1	1	91.01	2.60	4.14
16	1	1	1	1	93.79	3.41	5.13
17	-2	0	0	0	92.27	7.06	4.50
18	2	0	0	0	92.48	8.11	5.49
19	0	-2	0	0	92.27	3.36	5.75
20	0	2	0	0	91.64	3.88	5.01
21	0	0	-2	0	87.44	2.71	7.82
22	0	0	2	0	92.48	1.79	3.24
23	0	0	0	-2	91.43	1.79	5.61
24	0	0	0	2	88.91	2.89	5.84
25	0	0	0	0	89.96	5.31	6.33
26	0	0	0	0	89.77	6.35	5.30
27	0	0	0	0	90.90	4.52	5.37
28	0	0	0	0	89.75	5.60	5.93
29	0	0	0	0	89.75	5.50	5.19
30	0	0	0	0	89.12	5.08	6.21

误差来源	平方和	自由度	均方和	F	P
总和	76.05	29	R²	0.9150
模型	69.58	14	4.97	11.53	0.0001
A	2.21	1	2.21	5.14	0.0386
B	1.08	1	1.08	2.50	0.1344
C	28.15	1	28.15	65.29	<0.0001
D	2.29	1	2.29	5.31	0.0360
AB	1.76	1	1.76	4.09	0.0614
AC	2.95	1	2.95	6.84	0.0195
AD	6.29	1	6.29	14.59	0.0017
BC	2.44	1	2.44	5.66	0.0310
BD	4.13	1	4.13	9.58	0.0074
CD	2.70	1	2.70	6.26	0.0244
A²	10.11	1	10.11	23.44	0.0002
B²	6.91	1	6.91	16.03	0.0011
C²/10^-4	2.863	1	2.863	6.643	0.9798
D²	0.085	1	0.085	0.20	0.6630
残差	6.47	15	0.43
失拟项	4.80	10	0.48	1.44	0.3617
纯误差	1.67	5	0.33

误差来源	平方和	自由度	均方和	F	P
总和	66.51	29	R²	0.9361
模型	62.26	14	4.45	15.69	<0.0001
A	1.11	1	1.11	3.91	0.0666
B	0.042	1	0.042	0.15	0.7068
C	1.17	1	1.17	4.13	0.0603
D	1.32	1	1.32	4.64	0.0479
AB	0.64	1	0.64	2.26	0.1537
AC	0.051	1	0.051	0.18	0.6786
AD	1.45	1	1.45	5.12	0.0389
BC	1.19	1	1.19	4.19	0.0586
BD	0.76	1	0.76	2.67	0.1231
CD	2.48	1	2.48	8.75	0.0098
A²	6.2	1	6.2	21.87	0.0003
B²	7.3	1	7.3	25.74	0.0001
C²	20.21	1	20.21	71.28	<0.0001
D²	19.16	1	19.16	67.59	<0.0001
残差	4.25	15	0.28
失拟项	2.42	10	0.24	0.66	0.7327
纯误差	1.84	5	0.37

误差来源	平方和	自由度	均方和	F	P
总和	45.25	29	R²	0.9199
模型	41.63	14	2.97	12.30	<0.0001
A	1.85	1	1.85	7.65	0.0144
B	0.35	1	0.35	1.43	0.2503
C	34.61	1	34.61	143.19	<0.0001
D	0.049	1	0.049	0.20	0.6603
AB	0.18	1	0.18	0.77	0.3956
AC	5.63310^-3	1	5.63310^-3	0.023	0.8808
AD	1.16	1	1.16	4.78	0.0450
BC	0.87	1	0.87	3.62	0.0766
BD	0.91	1	0.91	3.77	0.0711
CD	0.66	1	0.66	2.71	0.1202
A²	0.86	1	0.86	3.54	0.0794
B²	0.18	1	0.18	0.73	0.4051
C²	0.051	1	0.051	0.21	0.6541
D²	9.33310^-4	1	9.33310^-4	3.86310^-3	0.9513
残差	3.63	15	0.24
失拟项	2.39	10	0.24	0.97	0.5518
纯误差	1.24	5	0.25