果园多风管喷雾机风送系统流场仿真和试验

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20221431

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对传统环形风送喷雾机气流分布不均匀、雾滴穿透性差的问题，设计了果园多风管喷雾机风送系统。通过对风道、转换接口、柔性风管和出风口构成的内流场进行仿真确定了最优结构参数，通过外流场仿真确定了风机转速及出风口总高度最佳参数。根据仿真结果得到最优参数组合如下：风道宽度为170 mm、转换接口夹角为40°、柔性风管直径为123 mm、出风口宽度为52 mm、风机转速为2 160 r/min、出风口总高度为1.9 m，此参数下风送系统内外流场分布均匀，气流速度大小满足作业要求。按优化参数组建喷雾机风送系统并设计气流速度试验，结果表明：仿真值与试验值符合程度高，出风口左右两侧气流速度误差小于10%。通过田间试验得到雾滴穿透性良好，冠层之间雾滴沉积密度偏差小于12%，雾滴在冠层垂直方向上分布均匀。

关键词: 农业机械化工程, 果园喷雾机, 风送系统, 流场仿真, 气流速度

Abstract:

Design of orchard multi-duct sprayer air delivery system for the problems of uneven airflow distribution and poor droplet penetration of traditional ring-shaped air delivery sprayers. The optimal structural parameters were determined by simulation of the internal flow field consisting of the air duct， transition interface， flexible duct and air outlet， and the optimal parameters of the fan speed and total height of the air outlet were determined by external flow field simulation. According to the simulation results， the optimal combination of parameters was 170 mm duct width， 40° conversion interface angle， 123 mm flexible duct diameter， 52 mm outlet width， 2 160 r/min fan speed， and 1.9 m total height of the outlet. The air delivery system of the sprayer was set up according to the optimized parameters and designed for the airflow velocity test， and the results showed that the simulated values were in good agreement with the test values， and the error of airflow velocity on the left and right sides of the outlet was less than 10%. The droplet penetration was good， the deviation of droplet deposition density between canopies was less than 12%， and the droplets were evenly distributed in the vertical direction of the canopy.

Key words: agricultural mechanization engineering, orchard sprayer, air delivery system, flow field simulation, airflow velocity

中图分类号:

S491

杨欣,刘玉肖,王阳,陈春皓,吕林硕. 果园多风管喷雾机风送系统流场仿真和试验[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2024, 54(9): 2723-2732.

Xin YANG,Yu-xiao LIU,Yang WANG,Chun-hao CHEN,Lin-shuo LYU. Flow field simulation and test of air delivery system for orchard multi⁃duct sprayer[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2024, 54(9): 2723-2732.

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风道出口边长	检测指标	均值	标准差
D₁	速度/（m·s^-1）	6.54	0.02
D₁	相对压力/Pa	1067.34	1.97
D₂	速度/（m·s^-1）	6.67	0.03
D₂	相对压力/Pa	324.12	3.73
D₃	速度/（m·s^-1）	7.09	0.89
D₃	相对压力/Pa	702.96	9.72

来源	Y₁		Y₂
来源	F值	P值	F值	P值
模型	337.61	<0.000 1	224.66	0.000 2
A	1 693.44	0.080 8	7.65	0.018 1
B	913.28	<0.000 1	122.43	0.001 3
C	211.63	0.000 4	1 342.38	0.001 2
AB	12.02	0.004 7	50.49	0.368 6
AC	5.97	<0.000 1	147.27	0.343 5
BC	13.65	0.004 7	9.70	0.003 5
A²	30.62	<0.000 1	86.28	<0.000 1
B²	24.62	0.000 1	236.13	0.005 1
C²	134.51	0.156 4	29.76	0.000 7
失拟项	1.91	0.073 6	2.23	0.133 7

参数	h/m			v/（m·s^-1）
参数	R₁	R₂	R₃	R₁	R₂	R₃
H₁	23 45.78	2 410.47	2 473.65	12.62	13.76	15.14
H₂	2 712.63	2 852.45	3 082.64	7.58	8.49	9.24
H₃	3 246.78	3 314.62	3 368.51	5.23	6.47	7.31