吉林大学学报(工学版) ›› 2023, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (4): 964-972.doi: 10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20220234

• 车辆工程·机械工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

板簧式弹性金属车轮胎面弹片结构优化

金敬福1(),董新桔1,贾志成1,王康2,贺连彬1,邹猛1,齐迎春1()   

  1. 1.吉林大学 生物与农业工程学院，长春 130022
    2.中国空间技术研究院 北京空间飞行器总体设计部，北京 100094
  • 收稿日期:2022-03-15 出版日期:2023-04-01 发布日期:2023-04-20
  • 通讯作者: 齐迎春 E-mail:jinjingfu@jlu.edu.cn;qiyc@jlu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:金敬福（1978-），男，教授，博士.研究方向：工程机械仿生设计.E-mail：jinjingfu@jlu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(52075217);拖拉机动力系统国家重点实验室开放课题(SKT2022002);吉林大学研究生创新研究基金项目(101832022CX184)

Optimization of the tread plate-spring structure of flexible metal wheel with plate-spring

Jing-fu JIN1(),Xin-ju DONG1,Zhi-cheng JIA1,Kang WANG2,Lian-bin HE1,Meng ZOU1,Ying-chun QI1()   

  1. 1.College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering，Jilin University，Changchun 130022，China
    2.Beijing Institute of Spacecraft System Engineering，China Academy of Space Technology，Beijing 100094，China
  • Received:2022-03-15 Online:2023-04-01 Published:2023-04-20
  • Contact: Ying-chun QI E-mail:jinjingfu@jlu.edu.cn;qiyc@jlu.edu.cn

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摘要：

针对现有板簧式弹性金属车轮容易产生应力集中或塑性变形现象，对胎面出现应力集中和大变形原因进行了分析。建立了常规拱形胎面、双边弧形胎面结构三维模型，运用有限元分析方法，对2种胎面在平压、胎面中部承压、胎面单侧承压3种工况下的变形和受力状态模拟，分析表明，胎面两端固定的连接方式会对胎面的受力情况产生影响，造成胎面局部刚度过大或承载能力不足的缺陷。根据仿真结果进一步优化，提出耦合弹性胎面结构，改变胎面两端固定约束，将胎面径向位移转移到轮毂轴向外扩，通过轴向位移实现径向位移的拓展。有限元模拟表明，在3种相同工况下，耦合弹性胎面结构可获得更大的径向变形，且胎面具备均匀刚度，变形连续，不产生应力集中区域。试制了耦合弹性金属车轮，并进行车轮承压试验，结果表明耦合弹性胎面结构可有效扩大车轮的径向位移能力，且胎面具备足够的刚度，验证了设计耦合弹性胎面结构的优势。

关键词: 板簧金属轮, 胎面特性, 耦合弹性胎面, 结构设计, 数值模拟

Abstract:

To solve the problem that conventional flexible metal wheels with plate-spring simply have stress concentrations or plastic deformation， the cause of stress concentrations and large deformations in the tread is analyzed. The three-dimensional models of conventional arched tread and bilateral curved tread structure are established. And the deformation and load of the two treads are simulated under three working conditions of flat pressure， middle tread pressure and unilateral tread pressure by using finite element analysis method. The analysis shows that the restrained connection method of the ends of the tread will affect the stress situation of the tread and cause the excessive local rigidity or insufficient load capacity of the tread. According to the simulation results， the coupled flexible tread structure is proposed. The structure that restricts the ends of the tread has been changed. The radial displacement of the tread is transferred to the axial outward tension of the hub， and then the radial displacement is expanded by the axial displacement. Finite element simulation shows that the coupled flexible tread structure can obtain same greater radial deformation under all the three working conditions， and the tread has uniform rigidity， continuous deformation and no stress concentration area. The result shows that the coupled flexible tread structure can effectively expand the radial displacement capacity of the wheel， and the tread has sufficient rigidity， which verifies the advantages of designing the coupled flexible tread structure.

Key words: plate-spring metal wheels, tread characteristics, coupling flexible tread, structural design, numerical simulation

中图分类号: 

  • V19

图1

弹性轮辐车轮"

图2

弹性胎面车轮"

图3

两边约束情况下胎面板簧变形趋势图"

图4

常规弹性胎面车轮结构模型"

图5

拱形胎面结构在各工况下载荷和支撑"

图6

工况1下2种模型总变形和等效应力分布图"

图7

工况2下2种模型总变形和等效应力分布图"

图8

工况3下2种模型总变形和等效应力分布图"

图9

耦合弹性胎面结构板簧变形趋势图"

图10

耦合弹性胎面车轮结构模型"

图11

工况1下耦合弹性胎面模型总变形和等效应力分布图"

图12

工况2下耦合弹性胎面模型总变形和等效应力分布图"

图13

工况3下耦合弹性胎面模型总变形和等效应力分布图"

图14

车轮结构图"

图15

车轮径向载荷-位移曲线"

图16

承载时耦合弹性胎面结构变形情况"

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