基于灌溉引水渠介质的膜秆分离装置设计与试验

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20210769

吉林大学学报(工学版) ›› 2023, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (4): 1245-1256.doi: 10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20210769

• 农业工程·仿生工程 • 上一篇

基于灌溉引水渠介质的膜秆分离装置设计与试验

陈永¹(),陈学庚²,何浩猛²,罗昕²,余幸³,胡斌²()

^1.河南农业大学机电工程学院，郑州 450002
^2.石河子大学机械电气工程学院，新疆石河子 832003
^3.黄河水利委员会黄河水利科学研究院，郑州 450003

收稿日期:2021-05-29 出版日期:2023-04-01 发布日期:2023-04-20
通讯作者: 胡斌 E-mail:chenyong@henau.edu.cn;hb_mac@sina.com
作者简介:陈永（1987-），男，讲师，博士.研究方向：现代智能农业机械装备设计.E-mail： chenyong@henau.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(51865051);河南省科技攻关项目(212102110024);新疆维吾尔自治区研究生科研创新项目(XJ2020G112)

Design and experiment of separation device of plastic film and cotton stalks based on irrigation diversion channel media

Yong CHEN¹(),Xue-geng CHEN²,Hao-meng HE²,Xin LUO²,Xing YU³,Bin HU²()

^1.College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering，Henan Agricultural University，Zhengzhou 450002，China
^2.College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering，Shihezi University，Shihezi 832003，China
^3.Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research，Yellow River Conservancy Commission，Zhengzhou 450003，China

Received:2021-05-29 Online:2023-04-01 Published:2023-04-20
Contact: Bin HU E-mail:chenyong@henau.edu.cn;hb_mac@sina.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对新疆秋季棉田机械化作业后地膜混合物存在的分离不彻底、效率低和能耗高等问题，提出基于灌溉用引水渠中的水为介质的膜秆分离方案并进行试验。通过数据处理建立试验因素与评价指标间的拟合回归方程，方差分析探究各因素及其交互作用的影响规律，软件寻优获得最佳参数组合：导流板安装角度为33.75°，膜秆喂入量为67.452个，膜秆回收网安装位置为24 cm，位移差为25.76 cm，经试验验证，与寻优预测值相对应的相对误差分别为6.28%、7.89%和28.95%，膜秆损失率为10.00%，回收网中含杂率为3.72%，样机装置性能可靠。该研究可为膜杂分离方法及装置结构参数优化设计提供相关理论依据。

关键词: 农业机械, 地膜混合物, 膜秆分离, 引水渠

Abstract:

Because of the problems of incomplete separation， low efficiency and high energy consumption of the mulching plastic film and cotton stalks after the mechanized operation of cotton fields in Xinjiang in autumn， a separation scheme between plastic film and cotton stalks based on the irrigation diversion canal as the medium was determined. Then the changes in the movement state of plastic film and cotton stalks during the separation process were analyzed and the key components were designed and selected. The four factors， five levels， and five responses were rotated orthogonally which the installation angle of the deflector， the feeding amount of plastic film and cotton stalk， the installation position of plastic film and cotton recovery net and its displacement differences were acted as the test factors， the separation rate of plastic film and cotton stalks， the plastic film content of the cotton stalk recovery net， the cotton stalk content of the plastic film recovery net， plastic film and cotton stalk loss rate and the impurity rate in the recycling net were evaluation indicators. Through data analysis， the fitting regression equation between test factors and evaluation indicators was established， and the analysis of variance explored the influence of each factor and its interaction. The best combination of parameters were obtained by optimization of using the Design Expert. The results showed were that the installation angle of the deflector was 33.75°， the feeding amount of plastic film and cotton stalk was 67.452， the installation position of plastic film and cotton recovery net was 24 cm， and and its displacement differences was 25.76 cm. The relative error was 6.28%， 7.89% and 28.95%， respectively， the film stalk loss rate was 10.00%， the impurity rate in the network was 3.72%， and the performance of the prototype device was reliable. It can provide relevant basis for the optimal design of plastic film and cotton stalks separation methods and device structure parameters.

Key words: agricultural machine, mixture of plastic film, separation of plastic film and cotton stalks, irrigation diversion channel

中图分类号:

S223.5

陈永,陈学庚,何浩猛,罗昕,余幸,胡斌. 基于灌溉引水渠介质的膜秆分离装置设计与试验[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2023, 53(4): 1245-1256.

Yong CHEN,Xue-geng CHEN,Hao-meng HE,Xin LUO,Xing YU,Bin HU. Design and experiment of separation device of plastic film and cotton stalks based on irrigation diversion channel media[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2023, 53(4): 1245-1256.

图/表 19

图1

图2

图3

表1

图4

表2

图5

图6

图7

图8

图9

表3

表4

表5

图10

图11

表6

回归模型方差分析及模型可信度分析"

试验指标	决定系数R²	校正后决定系数R $A d j 2$	预测决定系数R $P r e d 2$	变异系数/%
Y₁	0.9869	0.9746	0.9357	1.06
Y₂	0.9345	0.9000	0.8059	14.02
Y₃	0.8694	0.7476	0.3289	33.10

表6

表7

图12

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序号	经纬度	截面形状	截面宽度L_i /cm	截面深度H_i /cm	水表面宽度l_i /cm	水深h_i /cm	水流速度v₁/（m·s^-1）	总体布置	经济费用	环境保护	支撑固定
a	83.49°E 44.19°N	长方形	L₁=100	H₁=50	l₁=100	h₁=30	v_1a=0.56	√	√	√	√
b	83.51°E 44.20°N	V形	L₂= 66 α=60°	H₂=55	l₂=60	h₂=50	v_1b=0.85	×	×	√	×
c	86.05°E 44.32°N	圆弧形	L₃=2R₀ =120	H₃=60	l₃=100	h₃=30	v_1c=0.64	√	√	√	×
d	86.06°E 44.33°N	倒梯形	L₄=200	H₄=80	l₄=120 l₅=60	h₄=20	v_1d=0.41	√	√	√	√

零部件	数值/mm
进水口直径d_n	110
最大圆外径D₁	165
进料口直径L_dn	110
三通管总长L_n	460
进料口距进水口位置L_n1	120
旋流三通管壁厚d₀₁	3

组号	X₁	X₂	X₃	X₄	Y₁/%	Y₂/%	Y₃/%	Y₄/%	Y₅/%
1	-1	-1	-1	-1	88.33	14.29	5.41	3.33	8.33
2	1	-1	-1	-1	91.67	5.26	2.63	5.00	3.33
3	-1	1	-1	-1	78.00	25.58	11.54	5.00	17.00
4	1	1	-1	-1	89.00	7.50	1.89	7.00	4.00
5	-1	-1	1	-1	80.00	20.00	3.03	11.67	8.33
6	1	-1	1	-1	83.33	15.00	2.94	10.00	6.67
7	-1	1	1	-1	73.00	27.91	12.50	9.00	18.00
8	1	1	1	-1	84.00	8.33	3.77	11.00	5.00
9	-1	-1	-1	1	85.00	19.05	2.86	6.67	8.33
10	1	-1	-1	1	88.33	5.56	2.70	8.33	3.33
11	-1	1	-1	1	75.00	27.27	10.42	8.00	17.00
12	1	1	-1	1	86.00	7.89	1.92	10.00	4.00
13	-1	-1	1	1	76.67	21.05	6.06	13.33	10.00
14	1	-1	1	1	80.00	20.00	3.03	11.67	8.33
15	-1	1	1	1	70.00	31.82	11.11	11.00	19.00
16	1	1	1	1	81.00	13.16	4.00	12.00	7.00
17	-2	0	0	0	77.50	26.47	11.90	5.00	17.50
18	2	0	0	0	88.75	3.45	2.27	8.75	2.50
19	0	-2	0	0	87.50	12.50	4.55	5.00	7.50
20	0	2	0	0	80.00	15.91	9.23	9.17	10.83
21	0	0	-2	0	90.00	9.38	4.44	3.75	6.25
22	0	0	2	0	75.00	27.27	12.20	7.50	17.50
23	0	0	0	-2	85.00	17.14	4.88	5.00	10.00
24	0	0	0	2	77.50	21.21	7.69	10.00	12.50
25	0	0	0	0	85.00	15.15	4.76	6.25	8.75
26	0	0	0	0	86.25	17.14	2.44	5.00	8.75
27	0	0	0	0	85.00	15.15	4.76	6.25	8.75
28	0	0	0	0	86.25	14.71	2.44	6.25	7.50
29	0	0	0	0	86.25	16.67	2.50	5.00	8.75
30	0	0	0	0	85.00	18.92	2.56	5.00	10.00

试验指标	膜秆分离率Y₁/%			棉秆回收网中含膜率Y₂/%			地膜回收网中含秆率Y₃/%
试验指标	F值	P值	显著性	F值	P值	显著性	F值	P值	显著性
模型	80.46	<0.0001	***	24.40	<0.0001	***	7.14	0.0003	***
X₁	342.62	<0.0001	***	211.35	<0.0001	***	45.63	<0.0001	***
X₂	147.23	<0.0001	***	12.17	0.0033	**	18.59	0.0006	***
X₃	373.23	<0.0001	***	60.85	<0.0001	***	6.62	0.0212	*
X₄	87.45	<0.0001	***	8.46	0.0108	*	0.21	0.6544	NS
X₁X₂	75.86	<0.0001	***	31.17	0.0001	***	15.18	0.0014	**
X₁X₃	<0.01	0.9978	NS	3.45	0.0828	NS	0.088	0.7724	NS
X₁X₄	<0.01	0.9978	NS	0.01	0.9147	NS	0.12	0.7374	NS
X₂X₃	14.33	0.0018	***	5.02	0.0407	*	0.34	0.5712	NS
X₂X₄	0.14	0.7109	NS	<0.01	0.9730	NS	0.16	0.6925	NS
X₃X₄	<0.01	0.9978	NS	0.82	0.3792	NS	0.60	0.4524	NS
X₁²	20.56	0.0004	***	0.56	0.4664	NS	3.76	0.0716	NS
X₂²	12.99	0.0026	**	1.48	0.2429	NS	3.23	0.0926	NS
X₃²	29.85	<0.0001	***	1.80	0.2001	NS	8.07	0.0124	*
X₄²	53.63	<0.0001	***	3.49	0.0815	NS	1.83	0.1957	NS
失拟项	1.98	0.2334	NS	2.09	0.2146	NS	2.99	0.1195	NS

试验编号及参数	膜秆分离率Y₁/%	棉秆回收网中含膜率Y₂/%	地膜回收网中含秆率Y₃/%	膜秆损失率Y₄/%	回收网中含杂率Y₅/%
1	88.57	7.14	2.70	7.14	4.29
2	88.57	7.69	2.56	7.14	4.29
3	85.71	4.17	2.63	11.43	2.86
4	84.29	7.69	2.78	11.43	4.29
5	84.29	4.35	2.63	12.86	2.86
平均值	86.29	6.21	2.66	10.00	3.72
预测值	91.71	5.72	1.89	-	-
相对误差	6.28	7.89	28.95	-	-

基于灌溉引水渠介质的膜秆分离装置设计与试验

Design and experiment of separation device of plastic film and cotton stalks based on irrigation diversion channel media

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编码	X₁导流板安装角度θ/（°）	X₂膜秆喂入量Q_M/个	X₃棉秆回收网安装位置l₁/cm	X₄膜秆回收网位移差Δl/cm
-2	0	40	18	10
-1	11	60	24	20
0	23	80	30	30
1	34	100	36	40
2	45	120	42	50