重型增压柴油机燃烧过程中的缸内㶲损失

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb20180922

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了探索增压柴油机燃烧过程中缸内?损失分布特征及其影响因素，以某车用重型增压柴油机为研究对象，基于试验平台、STAR-CD计算流体力学软件及其理论，计算分析了特定工况下燃烧过程中的缸内?损失变化规律、分布特征、影响因素及其相关性。结果表明：缸内?损失主要发生在燃烧过程，且化学反应?损失及其所占缸内总?损失的比例正相关于柴油机负荷；柴油机缸内?损失主要由化学反应的不可逆性引起，化学反应引起的?损失多发生在油束边缘附近；最大的化学反应?损失率发生在当量比为1~1.5的区域，而在当量比为0~1的稀混合区及大于1.5的过浓混合区相对偏低；在一定温度范围内化学反应?损失率与燃油放热率基本呈正比关系，在特定放热率区域内，随缸内局部温度的升高，化学反应?损失及化学反应?损度逐渐减少；随燃烧过程的进行，当量比、温度与化学反应?损失的相关强度均逐渐减小。

关键词: 动力机械工程, 增压柴油机, 燃烧过程, 缸内?损失, 温度, 当量比

Abstract:

The purpose of this paper is to explore the distribution of in-cylinder exergy destruction and its influence factors in combustion process. A heavy-duty turbocharged diesel engine is taken as the research object to study exergy change rule, exergy destruction distribution in cylinder and its influence factors based on test platform, STAR-CD computational fluid dynamics software and subsequent theoretical calculation. The results show that first, exergy destruction in cylinder mainly happens in combustion process, the exergy destruction caused by chemical reaction and its proportion to in-cylinder exergy destruction are positively related with engine load at the same speed, the proportion is up to 94.5% at B75 working condition. Secondly, exergy destruction in cylinder of diesel engine is mainly caused by chemical reaction irreversibility and it mostly occurs at the edge of oil beam. Third, the largest chemical reaction exergy destruction rate happens in dense mixing zone whose equivalence ratio range is 1~1.5; however, the value is relatively low in dilute mixing region or denser mixing zone whose equivalence ratio is lower than 1 or greater than 1.5. With the development of combustion process, the reaction exergy destruction rate decreases gradually in different equivalence ratios zone. Fourth, in a certain temperature range, the chemical reaction exergy destruction rate is almost proportional to the heat release rate of fuel, and in a certain heat release rate region, the chemical reaction exergy destruction and its proportion of the fuel exergy gradually reduces with the temperature increase. Finally, as the combustion process proceeding, the relative intensity of equivalence ratio, temperature and chemical reaction exergy destruction decrease gradually.

Key words: power machinery and engineering, turbo-charged diesel engine, combustion process, in-cylinder exergy destruction, temperature, equivalent ratio

中图分类号:

TK421

刘长铖,刘忠长,田径,许允,杨泽宇. 重型增压柴油机燃烧过程中的缸内㶲损失[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2019, 49(6): 1911-1919.

Chang-cheng LIU,Zhong-chang LIU,Jing TIAN,Yun XU,Ze-yu YANG. In⁃cylinder exergy destruction during combustion process ofheavy⁃duty turbocharged diesel engine[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2019, 49(6): 1911-1919.

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参数	数值
缸径/mm	112
行程/mm	145
压缩比	17
总排量/L	8.6
标定功率/kW	257
标定转速/(r·min^-1)	2 100
单缸气门数/个	4
气缸数/个	6
进气方式	增压-中冷
供油系统	Bosch共轨控制系统

模型名称	模型类型
湍流模型	k-ε/RNG
着火模型	Shell
雾化模型	Huh
喷嘴模型	MPI-2
液滴破碎模型	Reitz/Diwakar
撞壁模型	Bai
燃烧模型	EBU LATCT
NO_x排放预测模型	Zeldovich
Soot排放预测模型	Mauss