面向复杂系统健康评估的若干思考

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb20221370

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着工程中系统复杂性的不断提高，系统的可靠性和安全性面临新的挑战，与此同时，系统的可靠性、安全性等概念进一步发展成为一种新的综合性指标，即“健康”。于是，复杂系统的预测和健康管理逐步成为系统工程领域一个新的研究热点，并在航空航天、机械、电力电子等领域得到应用实践。本文介绍了复杂系统健康评估的研究现状，并在此基础上提出了一种面向复杂系统的健康评估框架，其包含数据获取、数据处理、健康评估和健康预测等4个部分。最后，对复杂系统的健康评估进行了总结和展望，并建议开展面向健康评估开源项目的研究工作，即OpenHA。

关键词: 系统工程, 复杂系统, 健康评估, 健康预测, OpenHA

Abstract:

With the increasing system complexity in various engineering applications， greater demands are being placed on the reliability and safety of these systems. A kind of more comprehensive requirement called “health” has been naturally put up beyond reliability and safety. Consequently， Prognostics and Health Management （PHM） for complex systems has naturally become a hotspot in systems engineering. Moreover， it has been applied in many areas， such as aerospace， machinery， and power electronics. This paper summarizes and proposes a framework for the health assessment of complex systems， which consists of four aspects： data acquisition， data processing， health assessment， and health prediction. At last， the prospect view of health assessment is presented， and a system-leveled open-source project， namely OpenHA （Open Health Assessment） is suggested.

Key words: system engineering, complex system, health assessment, health prediction, OpenHA

中图分类号:

TP277

全权,崔根,赵峙尧,戴训华,温畅,蔡开元. 面向复杂系统健康评估的若干思考[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2023, 53(3): 601-628.

Quan QUAN,Gen CUI,Zhi-yao ZHAO,Xun-hua DAI,Chang WEN,Kai-yuan CAI. Speculative views on health assessment of complex systems[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2023, 53(3): 601-628.

图/表 27

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表1

时序信号常用数据特征"

序号	特征名称	计算公式
1	均值（Mean）	$μ = 1 n ∑ i = 1 n x i$
2	整理平均值（Average rectified value）	$X A R V = 1 n ∑ n = 1 n x i$
3	方差（Variance）	$σ 2 = 1 n - 1 ∑ i = 1 n x i - μ 2$
4	方根幅值	$X r = 1 n ∑ i = 1 n x i 2$
5	峰峰值（Peak to peak）	$X P P = m a x x i - m i n x i$
6	峰值（Peak）	$X P = m a x x i$
7	均方根（Root mean square，RMS）	$X R M S = 1 n ∑ i = 1 n x i 2$
8	峰度（Kurtosis）	$X K = 1 σ 4 ∑ i = 1 n x i - μ 4 n$

表1

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表2

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体重情况	BMI
体重过低	<18.5
体重正常	18.5~23.9
超重	24~27.9
肥胖	≥28

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