Abstract:Objective
To explore the appearance of the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) into retinal ganglion-like (RG-like) cells by the conditioned differentiation medium of rat retinal cells and to compare the electrophysiological characteristics of BMSCs, RG-like cells after induction and retinal ganglion cells(RGCs).Methods The BMSCs  from adult rat at the 3rd generation were selected.  They were cultivated and induced by the conditioned differentiation medium of  retinal cells.The expressions of NF,MAP2 and nestin were observed by immunohistochemistry method.The expression of Thy1.1 was detected by  immunoflurorescence method.The electrophysiological properties of three kinds of cells were observed by patch-clamp.Results On the 7th day after adding the conditioned differentiation medium of rat retinal cells,the neural cell modality-like cells appeared,and some cells expressed positively after stained by nestin,NF,MAP2 and Thy1.1 immunohistochemistry method.Three types of currents were found,including tetrodotoxin-sensitive sodium current (Ina-TTX),delayed rectifier K+ current (IKDR) and L-type Ca2+ current (Ica-L) in BMSCs.The intensities  of three types of currents were increased in the induced RG-like cells and approached to the inherent RGCs,but the current amplitude didn’t reach that of RGCs.Conclusion BMSCs can be induced into RG-like cells by the conditioned differentiation medium of rat retinal cells and three types of currents  are found in  RG-like cells,which shows the same electrophysiological characteristics  as the  RGCs.

Abstract:Objective
To investigate the neuroprotective effect of antipsychotic drug quetiapine and to demonstrate the mechanism of neuprotective effect. Methods Primary cultured hippocampal neurons were injured with glutamate (Glu) to set up Glu-injured model and to simulate the pathological changes in depression.Three groups were included in the experiment:control group,Glu model group and quetiapine administration group.The   survival rates in various groups were  detected by MTT method;the release level of LDH,the activity of GSH,the activity of SOD,and the level of MDA were detected before and after treated with different doses of quetiapine(50,100,200 and 500 μmol•L^-1) by enzyme detection kits.Results The survival rate of neuron in Glu model group was decreased compared with control group,almost 50% of normal data (P<0.05);but compared with Glu group,the rate was increased when the concentration of  quetiapine was 200  μmol•L^-1 (P<0.05). The LDH release level in  Glu model group was  increased dramatically compared with control group,up to  7.4 times of control group (P<0.001);compared with Glu group,the LDH release level was decreased in quetiapine group (P<0.01).The  GSH activity in Glu model group was decreased to  9.2 % of control group (P<0.05),which was increased in quetiapine group compared with Glu model group (P<0.05).The  SOD activity in Glu model group was decresded significantly compared with control group (P<0.01),which was 3.8 times of that in  Glu model group when the concentration of quetiapine was 10  μmol•L-1 (P<0.001).The MDA level in Glu model group was increased,nevertheless,which was reduced in quetiapine administration group compared with Glu model group (P<0.01).Conclusion Quetiapine possesses the neuroprotection and the mechanism may involve that it can elevate the GSH activity and SOD activity as well as decrease the level of MDA.

Abstract:Objective
To observe the vascularization of muscle basal lamina after transplantated into rat spinal cord injury,and to provide  theoretical and experimental basis for the use of muscle basal lamina as tissue engineering material in spinal cord injury. Methods  Muscle basal lamina was made by the frozen-thawed process and transplanted into the rat hemisected spinal cord  model. The rats were sacrificed on the 3，5，7，14 and 28 day after the operation. The vascularization of scaffolds was observed at different time points by alkaline phosphatase staining(APS). The number of blood vessels in scaffold was compared at different time points(3,5,7,14 and 28 d). Results After transplantation,the newly formed blood vessels could grow into the muscle basal lamina scaffold from the juntional area between the scaffold and spinal cord to the inside of scaffold,and a network in the scaffold was formed. The percentage of blood vessel area increased gradually and the differences between each two groups were statistically significant, 5 d > 3 d (P<0.05);7 d >5 d (P<0.01);14 d>7 d ( P<0.01);28 d>14 d (P<0.01). Conclusion Muscle basal lamina has better  vascularization after transplantation into the rat spinal cord injury model and it is expected to become suitable tissue engineering material to repair spinal cord injury.

Abstract:Objective
To investigate    the changes of neuronal activity of habenula and the regulatory effect of Hb on   sleep under the condition of short-time sleep deprivation(SD),and to clarify the effects of lateral habenula (LHb) on sleep rebound after short-time SD.Methods 24 adult healthy Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group (n=12) and  SD group (n=12).The model  of SD was set up by small platform surrounded by water.The typical control for this procedure was to maintain the animal on a large platform.The levels of glutamic acid(Glu) and γ-aminobutyric acid(GABA) in Hb neurons were assessed by HPLC-UV detector.The amounts of c-Fos positive neurons were detected by immunohistochemistry.Results Compared with control group,the levels of Glu in Hb was  increased (P<0.05),and the level of GABA had an incrensing trend.The amount of c-Fos positive neurons was increased markedly in   LHb(P<0.05),but not in  medial Hb(MHb).Conclusion The LHb is related to the sleep rebound after SD,but not the MHb.

Abstract:Objective
To discuss the process conditions and parameters of macroporous resin in enrichment and purification of total flavone in order to improve the product quality of SanKu dropping pills and reduce the single dose of product.Methods The total  flavonoid of China ixeris were obtained as the quantity indexes. The process conditions of different  types of macroporous resin  D101,AB-8,DM130,D312 and NKA in purification of total flavonoid were detected by UV. Results The best purification process was  DM130 macroporous resin,centrifugal of the extract at  8 000 r•min^-1,for 40 min,  70% ethanol elution.So the total flavonoid could reach 65%.Conclusion High speed centrifugal combined with macroporous resin  is good for enriching total flavonoid of Sanku dropping pills.

Abstract:Objective To explore the influence of low-dose dexamethasone (Dex) on the electroencephalogram (EEG) in temporal lobe epileptic male rats,and provide basis for glucocorticoid-related drugs in treatment of temproal lobe epilepsy.Methods Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal group,sham group,control group kindled with temporal lobe epilepsy after pretreated with normal saline (NS-control group) and observation group kindled with temporal lobe epilepsy pretreated with low-dose Dex (Dex group).The temporal lobe epileptic model was established via kainic acid (KA) microinjected (1 μg) into right nucleus amygdalae of  male Wistar rats.EEG on parietal lobe cortex was recorded in normal group and sham group,and EEG was monitored successively for 6 h after KA kindling in NS-control group and Dex group. Results Compared with NS-control group,the kindling latency of temporal lobe epilepsy was delayed in Dex group (P<0.05),the total lasting time of seizure discharge within 6 h was shorten (P<0.05),and the amplitude of EEG wave was significantly decreased (P<0.05).Conclusion Low-dose Dex may inhibit the epileptic discharge in temporal lobe epileptic male rats,and it indicates that low-dose Dex may be effective for curing temporal lobe epilepsy.

Abstract:Objective
To observe the effect of lactacystin (LAC) on the proliferation rate of C6 cells in vivo on the basis of inhibitory effect of LAC on C6 cells in vitro and  to discuss the possible mechanism of LAC  inhibiting the proliferation rate of C6 cells. Methods The  C6 cells were cultivated in vitro,and the cells in the logarithmic growth phase were selected and were inoculated in nude mice  subcutaneously.All mice were given LAC for 7 d.They were divided into model group,LAC 0.5 μg / 20 g group,LAC 1 μg / 20 g group,and the LAC 5 μg / 20 g group.There were three nude mice in each group.The general condition of mice (food,bathroom,coat color,activities,etc.) was observed;the tumor volumes at different time points were measured and calculated.The Bax,bcl-2 and caspase-3 mRNA expression levels were detected by RT-PCR method.Results Compared with model group, the tumor volumes  in LAC 0.5 μg / 20 g group,LAC 1 μg / 20 g Group,and  LAC 5 μg / 20 g group were significantly reduced(P<0.05);the Bax/bcl-2 and caspase-3 mRNA expression levels were increased significantly (P<0.05).There was not statistically significant between different doses of LAC in  tumor volume,level of Bax/bcl-2 mRNA and level of caspase-3 mRNA,respectively.Conclusion LAC in animals can significantly inhibit the proliferation rate of C6 cells and its mechanism may be that it increases   apoptosis of mitochondrial pathway in C6 cells to inhibit the proliferation.

Abstract:Objective
To study the effects of recombinant human lactoferrin( rhLF ) on the expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 and IL-8   in Tca8113 cells in oral squamous cell carcinoma  and to explore the possible mechanism of inhibiting the growth of tumor cells.Methods The Tca8113 cells cultivated in vitro were treated with rhLF(50  and 100 mg•L^-1).Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and immunohistochemical method were used to detect the influence  of rhLF on the expressions of IL-6 and IL-8 proteins.Results The levels of IL-6 and IL-8 in supernatant were gradually  decreased with the increasing of the concentrations of rhLF.Compared with normal control group,the levels of IL-6 and IL-8  in  100 mg•L^-1 rhLF group were significantly decreased (P<0.05).The results of immunohistochemical staining showed that the expressions of IL-6 and IL-8 were detected in Tca8113 cells.Compared with control group,the expressions of IL-6 and IL-8  in 50 mg•L^-1rhLF group were significantly decreased,there was only weak expression or no expression in this group.Conclusion rhLF can specificially inhibit the generation of IL-6 and IL-8 in Tca8113 cells and induce the changes of inflammatory environment of tumor cells to inhibit the growth of tumor.

Abstract:Objective
To investigate the inhibitory effect of phenylacetate(PA)  on cell proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells and to study the mechanism of the effect at the molecular level. Methods The inhibitory effects of different doses of PA (0,0.25,0.50,1.00,2.00 and 4.00 mmol•L^-1) on pancreatic cancer cells BXPC-3 were detected by MTT and cell numeration methods.The cell percentages in different cell cycles were tested by flow cytometry(FCM). Results After treated with different concentrations (0.25,0.50,1.00,2.00 and 4.00 mmol•L^-1) of  PA for  72 h,the inhibitory rates of proliferation  of BXPC-3 cells (31.0%±1.6%，54.8%±1.2%，68.3%±2.4%，79.9%±2.1%，81.1%±1.3%,respectively) were much higher than that in  control group(1.2％±0.2%)（P<0.05）.With the increasing of concentrations from 0.25 to 2.00 mmol•L^-1,the inhibitory rates of  proliferation were significantly increased (P<0.05)，but there was no significant difference  between 2.00 and 4.00  mmol•L^-1 PA groups（P>0.05）. The FCM result showed that the ratio of G0/G1 phase of BXPC-3 cells after treated with 1.0 mmol•L-1 PA for  72 h was decreased from 61.8% to 51.3%,the ratio of G2+M phase from 9.4% to 9.2%;the ratio of G0/G1 phase of BXPC-3 cells after treated with 2.0 mmol•L^-1 PA  72 h was decreased from 61.8% to 32.3%,the ratio of G2+M phase from 9.4% to 8.1%，the difference between 2.00 mmol•L-1 PA and control group was  significant（P<0.05）. Conclusion PA can supress the cell cycle  at G1 phase,and decrease the DNA synthesis,and inhibit the cell proliferation. The mechanism is that PA  can inhibit the RNA expressions of some kinds of proteins in G1 phase in BXPC-3 cells.

Abstract:Objective
To study the influence of specific oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) on the experimental tooth movement in rats and to clarify its role in the reconstruction of periodontal tissues. Methods Fourty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into experiment group (n= 20) and control group (n= 20).The tooth movement models were set up.Then 50μL specific ODN (20 mg•L^-1) was injected into both sides of the buccal gingival mucosa adjacent to the first upper molar in experiment group,the rats in control group were injected by the same amount of PBS in the sam place,once  every three days.4 rats were killed after 3,7,14,21 and 28 d in each group.Then the distance of tooth movement was measured before the models were made and before the rats was killed,and the changes of periodontal tissues were observed by HE staining and the number of osteoclasts was counted. Results The distance of tooth movement in rats were gradually increased. Except for 3 d group,the distances in  experiment group were shorter  than those in  control group（P<0.05 or P<0.01）. HE staining showed that the absorption on pressure side of the first molar alveolar bone and the number of osteoclasts in  experiment  group were less than those in  control group, especially on the days of 3,7 and 14（P<0.05 or P<0.01）.Conclusion The specific ODN can inhibit the tooth movement by reducing the number of OC on the pressure side of alveolar bone,so the specific ODN can influence the reconstruction of periodontal tissues.

Objective To study the protective effect of pomegranate seed extracts (PSE) on liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride (CC1₄) in mice,and to provide theoretical basis for further development and utilization of pomegranate seeds.
Methods Forty male Wistar mice were randomly divided into five group : control group,model group,and different doses of PSE (200,400,600 mg.kg^-1)groups.The mice in control and model group were lavaged with distilled water and the mice in PSE groups were lavaged with 200,400,600 mg.kg^-1  PSE and there were 8 mice in each group. All the mice were treated as above for seven consecutive days prior to 0.2% of CCl₄ injection(10 mL.kg^-1) intraperitoneally for model group and PSE group to induce liver injury,while the mice  in control group were given olive oil. Sixteen hours later,all the mice were killed and the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT),aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and lactic dehydrogenases (LDH) were determined;the pathological changes of liver tissues were examined by HE staining method. Results Compared with model group,PSE could reduce the serum levels of ALT,AST and LDH (P<0.05);the HE staining results showed swelling of liver cells and eosinophilic changes and there was a large area of inflammatory infiltration in model group,while in experiment group, the pomegranate seed extracts could significantly inhibit the formation of eosinophilic changes and reduce the liver inflammatory infiltration with the increasing of PSE concentration and the effect of 600 mg.kg^-1 dose was most obvious. Conclusion PSE has significantly protective effect on liver tissues in mouse liver injury models,and the protective effect of liver tissues is more obvious with the increasing of dose.

Objective  To construct oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) model of human Hela cell line and to investigate the effect of OGD on the apoptosis of tumor cells and its mechanism  in vitro.Methods The OGD models were constructed by Earle’s balanced salt solution (EBSS) and sodium dithionite.Four groups were established such as control group,OGD 4 h group,OGD 8 h group and OGD 12 h group.The changes of proliferation rates of cells in different groups were detected by MTT.The expressions of proteins related to intra-celluar endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis of Hela cells in each group were detected by Western blotting and the morphological changes of nuclear in each group were detected by Hoechst staining.Results Compared with control group,the proliferation rate in OGD group was decreased obviously,the difference had statistical significance（P<0.05）;the expression of GRP78 protein related with endoplasmic reticulum stress was significantly in creased,and the expressions of apoptosis signal protein CHOP and the caspase-4 activated fragment protein were also increased（P<0.05）,while the expression of protein of caspase-3 activated fragment related to intra-celluar apoptosis was also increased（P<0.05).The morphological changes of nuclear appeared in OGD group,such as nuclear crimple and karyorrhexis.Conclusion OGD can induce the apoptosis of human Hela cell line and the apoptosis may be mediated by endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Objective To clone and detect the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) gene of Veillonella dispar(V.dispar)　and its adjacent gene and  provide a theoretical basis for prevention and treatment of dental caries. Methods LDH gene and its adjacent gene were detected by PCR method and were inserted into a cloning vector  PMD18-T to transform E.coil JM109.The sequencing  was performed after PCR identification and restriction enzyme digestion.Results The PCR product was specific,and the size of the product was   2 300 bp.The sequencing data were analyzed by BLAST software and  the result indicated that they contained three pieces of genes which were DNA gyrase A,LDH,and an unknown product.The homology of the sequencing result was 99 % compared with the LDH gene of Streptococcus(S.mutans) which was reported in GenBank.And the sequence had been submitted to the NCBI GenBank,and the accession number was EU518464.Conclusion The LDH gene of Veillonella dispar was successfully cloned, and it is proved to have a full reading framework,through the analysis of the  gene sequences  and amino acids.

Objective To explore the effect of   autologous hair keratin(HK) composite particles on fibroblasts(HK)  in vitro.
Methods The experiment was divided  into Fbs group,Fbs∶HK=1∶1 group,Fbs∶HK=2∶1 group and HK group.The digestion method was used in primary culture of Fbs;MTT method was used to determine the growth curve of Fbs; the hydroxyproline(HYP) content in   composite culture of Fbs and autologous HK was determined with HYP kit.Results The human  skin Fbs grew well.When the ratio of Fbs to HK  was 2∶1,the HYP content was the highest  in composite culture.In MTT assay,when the radio of Fbs to HK was 2∶1,the grafting efficiency was  perfect.Conclusion Composition of  cultured Fbs in vitro with HK can significantly promote the fragmentation and proliferation of cells;when the ratio of Fbs to HK is 2∶1,it is benifit to promote the synthesis of Fbs into collagen.

Objective To measure the anatomic structures of the jaw and to discuss the accuracy of the method. Methods
The mandibular specimens were divided into ankle conylar group (3 specimens,regular trabecular architecture and mandibular
 
body group(5 specimens,irregular trabecular architecture). Fifteen volumes of interests(VOI) were created in each group and the total of thirty were measured. The mean value and standard deviation of each parameter at each reconstruction voxel size were calculated. Repeated ANOVA test was used to determine whether the significant differences in the values  existed between each parameter.Results The structure model index (SMI) value in  mandibular body group had  significant difference(P<0.05)  at all reconstruction voxel sizes compared with 18 μm group;but in condyle group,the reconstruction voxel size of 36 μm was not significant(P>0.05).The differences of trabecular thickness(Tb.Th),trabecular number(Tb.N) and trabecular seperation(Tb.Sp) values between condyle and mandibular body groups were significant at all reconstruction voxel sizes(P<0.05). In condyle group,except for Tb.Th,Tb.N,and Tb.Sp,the most parameter values were not significant at reconstruction pixel size of 36 μm. In the mandible body group,the differences of all  parameter values between  different pixel sizes were significant.Conclusion Micro-CT can reflect the anatomical changes of bone trabecula structure.

Objective To study the influence of simvastatin on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor(V
EGF) in periodontal tissue of rats during the retentive stage after tooth movement and to explore the effect and mechanism of simvastatin on the remodeling of periodontal tissue during the retention stage. Methods 78 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups.The rats in negative control group didn’t receive any treatment.The maxillary first molars of rats in control group were moved to the mesial by closed coil spring running between upper first molar and anterier tooth for 21d and then retentive appliances were placed on the molars in the left side. The retentive appliances were maintained respectively for 1,3,7,14,21 and 28 d. During the retentive stage,the rats  received intraperitoneal injection of normal saline once a day.The rats in  experiment group were treated the same as control group,but they were administered with simvastatin solution instead of normal saline. At the end of the retention,the rats were executed and the changes of VEGF expressions were examined in the periodontal tissue of the moved teeth by using the immunohistochemical staining method and quantitative analysis method. Results In control group,the expression of VEGF was changed indistinctly at the early stage of retention and decreased at the later stage. In experiment group,the expression of VEGF was increased gradually but changed indistinctly at the later stage. Compared with the corresponding time of control group,the VEGF expression was significantly increased in experiment group,there was significant difference between two groups(P<0.05).The VEGF expression on the 28th day in control group had no significant difference compared with negative control group,but the VEGF expressions at the other days except the  28th day were higher than those in negative control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Systemic administration of simvastatin can increase the expression of VEGF in periodontal tissue of rats during the retentive stage after  experimental tooth movement.

Objective To explore the effect of different calculation grids in the treatment planning system(TPS) on the dose distribution for the target and recepted doses of organs at risk (OAR) and to provide basis for clinical treatment.
Methods Ten nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients  recepted fixed-field IMRT rediation therapy were treated with  Anisotropic Analytical Algorithm(3A) method.Calculation grid of 2.50 mm was selected as control group and calculation grids of 5.00,4.00,3.00,2.00,1.00 and 1.25 mm were selected as experiment groups to perform  6 treatment plans.Pencil Beam Convolution (PBC) Algorithm were used for calculation,calculation grid of 2.50 mm was selected as  control group and calculation grids of 10.00,5.00 and 1.25 mm were selected as experiment groups to perfrom  4 treatment plans respectively for 10 patients.The effects of different calculation grids on the maximum dose,the minimum dose,the mean dose,conformal index and homogeneity index of the target,and the maximum dose of brain stem,left lens,left optic nerve,optic chiasm and spinal cord were analyzed by dose volume histogram.Results Compared with control group,with  3A method,the  size calculation grid was increased,the  maximum dose,the mean dose and conformal index of the target were increased;but the  homogeneity index, the maximum dose of the target,and the  maximum dose of left len were decreased（P<0.05）.With PBC  Algorithm,the  size calculation grid,the  the maximum dose,the minimum dose,the mean dose and conformal index of the target were increased;but the  homogeneity index of the target,and  the  maximum doses of left len and spinal cord were decreased,and the maximum dose of optic chiasm was increased（P<0.05）.Conclusion The target dose distribution and the dose of OAR change with the changes of  calculation grids.Using the right size calculation grid can evaluate  accurately the  doses of   the target and OAR.In clinical use,the calculation grid should generally choose 2.5-5.0 mm,and the  recommended grid is  2.5 mm.
 

Objective To observe the effects of  electric pulse stimulation on cervical glossopharyngeal nerve on the reactivity and convulsive threshold in rat and to identify its efficiency against rat convulsion. Methods 30 rats were randomly divided into control group (n=10),cervical vagus nerve group (n=10) and cervical glossopharyngeal nerve group (n=10). The skin covering the left cervical parts were cut open and sterilized of rats in control group. The left cervical vagus/glossopharyngeal nerve was separated in vagus/glossopharyngeal nerve group respectively,then stimulated with electric pulse stimulation.The  reactivity and convulsive threshold to electrostimulation in rats were recorded when the bilateral ears of the animals from different groups were stimulated by lectrostimulation. Results The smallest voltages causing  braying,tetania and clonus in rats were remarkably enhanced in cervical glossopharyngeal group compared with control group (P<0.01). However,there was no significant difference of the smallest voltages when compared with cervical vagus group (P>0.05). Conclusion Electric pulse stimulation on cervical glossopharyngeal nerve may play a role in convulation control because it effectively enhances the  reactivity and convulsive threshold to electrostimulation in rats.

Objective To investigate the effects of glucose and insulin on the production of solubility endothelial cell protein C receptor(sEPCR) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells ( HUVEC) and to clarify the  mechanisms of the damage of vein endothelial cells and the diabetic thrombosis. Methods HUVEC  cultivated in vitro were divided into glucose (Glu) groups (5.5,20.0 and 40.0 mmol/L），insulin groups（0.1,1.0 and 10.0 nmol/L），insulin groups（0.1，1.0 and 10.0 nmol/L） in high glucose environment（40 mmol/L）and control group (without glucose and insulin). The cell supernatant was collected at different time (0，6，24，48 and 72 h) and the levels of sEPCR were detected by ELISA assay. Results The levels of sEPCR of HUVEC in Glu groups were higher than that in control group （P<0.01）,and it was gradually increased with the prolongation of time. But the level of sEPCR at high concentration of Glu （40 mmol/L） was decreased after the cells  were cultured for 48 h（P<0.01）. The level of sEPCR of HUVEC in insulin group was higher than that in  control group （P<0.01）,  and it was gradually increased with the prolongation of time. But the level of sEPCR at high concentration of Glu（40 mmol/L）  was decreased after the cells were cultured for 72 h （P<0.01）.The levels of sEPCR at high concentration of Glu with different concentrations of insulin were lower than the levels of those cultured with Glu（P<0.01）.Conclusion Insulin can inhibit the damage effect of high concentration Glu on HUVEC,but long-time use of high concentration insulin can aggravate the damage of HUVEC and induce thrombosis.   

Objective To explore the growth inhibition  of survivin specific siRNA on hepatocellula carcinoma HepG2 cells in vitro and to investigate the growth inhibition  of survivin specific siRNA carried by attenuated Salmonella typhimurium on subcutaneous hepatocellular carcinoma in nude mice and its mechanism.Methods According to the expression of vector siRNA, the lipofectin control group and plasmid control group were transfected to HepG2 cells.The expressions of survivin mRNA and protein were detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting respectively.The proliferation abilities of cells were measured by MTT,and the cell cycle and apoptosis level were detected by flow cytometry (FCM).The subcutaneous hepatocellular carcinoma model was  set up in nude mice and the survivin specific siRNA carrid by attenuated Salmonella typhimurium  was injected into abdominal of mice and the growth inhibition of cells was observed.The expression of survivin was detected by immunohistochemistry and the apoptosis  was detected by TUNEL staining.Results After 48 h  transfection,the level of  survivin mRNA in the cells in siRNA group was (32.0±6.2)% and (27.8±4.6)% of those  in lipofectin control group and plasmid control group,respectively;and expression of survivin protein was (27.3±4.0)% and (20.8±2.8)% of inlipofecton control group and plasmid control group, respectively.The proliferation rate of  the  cells in survivn siRNA group was (29.2±4.8)% of that in lipofectin group.The cell proportion  in  G1 phase in survivin siRNA group was significantly higher than that in  two control groups,while the cell proportion in S phase was  lower(P<0.05).Subcutaneous hepatocellular carcinoma model was successfully set up  in nude mice, and after injected with survivin siRNA carried by specific  attenuated Salmonella typhimurium the growth rate was lower in siRNA group than the others (P<0.05).The expression of survivin in survivin siRNA group was lower than that in controls detected by immunohistochemical  method. The apoptotic rate of the cells was  increased obviously than those in controls detected by TUNEL (P<0.05).Conclusion Survivin specific siRNA could inhibit the proliferation of liver cancer HepG2 cells and promote the apoptosis in vitro and survivin specific siRNA carried by attenuated Salmonella typhimurium  could inhibit the growth of liver subcutaneous tumor and the mechanism may be related to the apoptosis.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the genetic association between the polymorphisms of estrogen receptor α(ERα) gene and type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)  in the  Han population from North China，and  to discuss the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of ERα gene and T2DM.Methods 128 DM patients were selected as case group and 193 nomal persons as control group.The  genotypic  frequencies and the  allelic frequencies of rs　11155816,rs 2077647 and rs 9397463 sites in two grops  were compared by  polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique and  restriction fragment length polymorphism(RFLP) method,the SNPs of rs11155816,rs2077647 and rs9397463 sites of ERα  gene were analyzed, and the relative risk of the haplotypes combined by the three sites mentioned above was analyzed by link analysis of multiple sites.Results The genotypic frequencies of rs11155816,rs2077647 and rs9397463 site of  ERα gene did not deviate from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in both case and control groups（P>0.05）.There were no significant differences of the frequencies of the genotypes and the alleles of rs11155816,rs2077647 and rs9397463 sites between two groups（P>0.05）. There were no significant differences among  the haplotypes formated by every two of  rs 11155816,rs 2077647 and rs 9397463 sites（P>0.05）.Conclusion There may be no genetic associations between the polymorphisms of rs11155816,rs2077647 and rs9397463 on ERα gene and T2DM in the Han population from North China.

Abstract:Objective To evaluate the association between HLA-DRB1 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)  and cerebrovascular disease in the Han population from North China,and to lay a foundation for immunogenetic research on cerebrovascular disease.Methods 160 patients with cerebrovascular disease and 116 controls were enrolled in the case-control study.According to the principle of informed consent,the indexes of height,weight,waist circumference (WC),abdominal circumference (AC) and body mass index (BMI) were measured;and the venous blood was drawn for the analysis of albumin (ALB),hemoglobin (Hb),blood creatinine (Cr),blood uric acid (UA),fasting plasma glucose (FBG),total cholesterol (TC),triglycerides (TG),high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and DNA extraction.The SNPs of rs2308765,rs3135388 and rs9269186 in HLA-DRB1 were detected by PCR-LDR assay.The goodness-of-fit χ2 test was used for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium test in case and control groups.The differences of genotypic frequency and allelic frequency between case and control were test by χ2 test.Results There were no significant differences of WC,ALB,Hb,FBG,TC and TG between two groups (P>0.05);Compared with control group,the BMI,AC,Cr and UA in case group were higher than that in control group (P<0.05),while HDL was lower (P<0.05).There were no significant differences of distributions of genotypes and alleles of rs2308765,rs3135388 and rs9269186 sites between two groups.Conclusion There is not a certain correlation between rs2308765,rs3135388,and rs9269186 SNPs  and cerebrovascular disease in Han population from North China.

Abstract:Objective To evaluate the correlation between the lipid level of ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients after treated with percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) for 1 year and to clarify the relationship between lipid level and prognosis. Methods Based on the LDL-C level within 24 h after admission,624 patients with STEMI underwent primary PCI were divided into  normal group (LDL-C＜3.37 mmol/L,n=380),LDL-C marginal increased group (LDL-C 3.37-4.14 mmol/L,n=159) and LDL-C increased group(LDL-C＞4.14 mmol/L,n=85). Of these 624 patients,the serum lipid levels of 335 patients after statins treatment for 4 weeks after discharged were collected underwent follow-up in outpatient settings,and these 335 patients were divided into target group (LDL-C＜1.81 mmol/L,n=77) and non-target group (LDL-C≥1.81 mmol/L,n=258 ).The relationship between the lipid level of acute period and  MACCE prognosis after  treatment was studied.  Results The occurrence rate of MACCE(cardiac death,ischemic stroke and recurrent myocardial infarction and composite events) had no significant differences between three groups(P>0.05). After statins treatment,the target group got one MACCE patients(1.3%),which was significantly lower than that in non-target group(7.4%)(P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed a significant relationship between the triglyceride (TG) level at acute stage and ischemic stroke (OR=1.226；95% CI：1.068-1.407;P<0.05 ),so did the LDL-C level after statins treatment and MACCE (OR=1.788；95% CI：1.091-5.233；P<0.05). Smoking history (OR=0.136；95% CI：0.016-0.115；P<0.05) and higher SYNTAX score (OR=1.544；95% CI：5.387-33.522；P<0.05) were also influence factors of MACCE. Conclusion The different levels of LDL-C of  patients at acute stage are not related with MACCE,but it is related with the MACCE of the patients with unnormal LDL-C level after statins treatment.

Abstract:Objective To establish an individual health risk appraisal model of breast cancer among women so as to predict the risk of breast cancer of a specific individual in the future.Methods Systemic review and reports of major scientific projects with big sample size which were related with risk factors of breast cancer among women in China were searched to select positive index.Age of menarche,age of first delivery,times of abortion,feeding style,age of menopause,smoking,benign breast diseases,family history of cancer,intake of contraceptive and educational level were choose to built a mathematical model.The mathematical model was used to build a risk score table and individual health risk appraisal model.Results The risk scores were obtained in individuals with different characteristics,with the results of 1.10 for age of the first menstrual period less than 17 years old,1.31 for age at first delivery more than 25 years old,2.56 for two or more  times of abortions,0.90 for breast feeding,1.01 for age of menopause younger than 44 years old,1.49 for smoking,2.41 for having benign breast diseases,1.93 for having family history of cancer,1.39 for having intake of contraceptive and 2.04 for high educational level.Conclusion The newly established individual health risk appraisal model of breast cancer can fit for woman with different characteristics in age of menarche,age of first delivery,times of abortion,feeding style,age of menopause,smoking,benign breast diseases,family history of cancer,intake of contraceptive and educational level in China.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the influence of the adoption preference in the clinical choice of antibiotics on   drug resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii (Ab),and to provide references for clinical  treatment.Methods 1 078 Ab-positive strains  isolated from clinical specimens were divided into multi-drug resistance Ab straains(n=449) and non-drug resistance strins(n=437) based on drug resistance.The relationship  between clinicians, preferences of choosing carbapenem antibiotics and(or) β-lactam antibiotics adding β-lactamase inhibitor to treat non-drug resistance Ab  and the changes of drug resistance of Ab strains was analyzed.Results There were 394 Ab strains in 2006，354 Ab strains in 2007，and 330 Ab strains in 2008. 449 multi-drug resistance Ab strains contained 206 strains in 2006，124 strains in 2007，and 119 strains in 2008.In multi-drug resistance Ab group,the ratios of sensitivity to carbapenem antibiotics and adding β-lactamase inhibitor from 2006 to 2008 were 25.2%,50.8%,and 25.2%.The ratios only sensitive to carbapenem antibiotics from 2006 to 2008 were 68.0%,11.3%,and 2.5%；the ratios only sensitive to antibiotics adding β-lactamase inhibitor from 2006 to 2008 were 6.8%,37.9%,and 72.3%. 437 non-drug resistance Ab strains contained 88 strains in 2006，230 strains in 2007，and 119 strains in 2008.The ratios of clinician’s preference of choosing carbapenem antibiotics from 2006 to 2008 were 0%,9.3%,and 20.7%.The ratios of clinician’s preference of choosing antibiotics adding β-lactamase inhibitor from 2006 to   2008 were 35.5%,38.4%,and 22.4%.With the increasing frequencies of using carbapenem antibiotics in non-drug resistance Ab from 2006 to 2008,the carbapenem resistance of Ab  increased rapidly.From 2006 to 2007,with the slow increasing of choosing antibiotics adding β-lactamase inhibitor in non-drug resistance Ab infected patients,the drug resistance of Ab to adding β-lactamase inhibitor  decreased  obviously.In 2008, the frequencies of using antibiotics adding β-lactamase inhibitor in non-drug resistance Ab decreased,the sensitivity to antibiotics adding β-lactamase inhibitor increased twice in multi-drug resistance Ab. Conclusion The preferences of clinicial antibiotics adoption may influence the changes of drug resistance of Ab strains,but β-lactamase inhibitor maybe obviously suppress the production of drug resistance of Ab strains.

Abstract:Objective To study the association between urotensin Ⅱ (UTS2) S89N  gene single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)  and serum lipid level in essential hypertension(EH) patients in Dongxiang population.Methods The genotypes of UTS2-S89N of 102 normal persons(control group) and 120 EH  patients (case group) were conducted by PCR -RFLP and agarose gel electrophoretic analysis.The serum lipid levels was detected by automatic biochemical analyzer.The association between genotypes of UTS2-S89N and the serum lipid level in Dongxiang population was analyzed.Results The levels of  TC,TG,and LDL-C in case group.were higher than those in control group(P<0.01).In case group,the level of LDL-C of the  patients with SS gentype(2.76±1.02) was higher than those of the  patients with NN genotype(2.34±0.37) and NS genotype (2.12±0.65)(P<0.05).The levels of TC,TG and HDC-C had no significnat differences between various genotypes in two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion The SS genotype  of UTS2-S89N gene is associated with the serum lipid of the  EH patients in Dongxiang population.

Abstract:Objective To explore the effect of stent implantation on the hemodynamic characteristics of middle cerebral artery(MCA) aneurysm and analyze the effect of stent on hemodynamic factors such as wall shear stress.Methods One patient with  wide-neck MCA bifurcation aneurysm was analyzed before operation and during  follow-up  according to clinical images and using fluid dynamics software (ANSYS software) based on computational fluid dynamics(CFD) numerical simulation methods.The blood streamlines and wall shear stress were compared in both conditions.Results There was significant change in morphology of arteries after stent implantation and the aneurysm was gone.The angle of vascular bifurcation became smaller from 196.4° to 92.5°.The aneurysm disappeared completely.The distribution of wall shear stress on the surface of aneurysm turned uniform after stent implantation.The region of high wall stress  value near the neck of aneurysm was disappeared directly.Conclusion Stent implantation can change the partial hemodynamics of aneurysm and parent artery.The numerical simulation of CFD can directly reflect the hemodynamic characteristics of aneurysm.

Abstract:Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of  Quartz SplintTM high strength quartz fibre splint in fixing  mobile anterior teeth and to provide the clinical evidence for the treatment of teeth moving periodontitis patients. Methods The  Ⅱ degree and Ⅲ degree mobile anterior teeth of thirty two cases of chronic periodontitis patients were fixed by Quartz SplintTM high strength quartz fibre splint.The clinic status such as probing depth (PD),attachment level (AL) and radiograph were measured before fixation and 3,6 months after fixation.Results The value of PD reduced from (4.39±1.26) mm to (3.16±0.37) mm after 3 months and there was statistical difference(P<0.01).The AL value reduced from（3.56±1.17） mm to （3.34±1.03） mm after 3 months and there was statistical difference(P<0.05). 6 months after fixation,the  PD value reduced to （3.21±0.25） mm,and there was significant difference compared with  before  fixation(P<0.01). The   AL value reduced to （3.36±1.31） mm,and  there was significant difference compared with  before  fixation(P<0.05);and there was no statistical difference compared with 3 months after fixation.Meanwhile,advanced bone loss was not found.Conclusion The Quartz SplintTM high strength quartz fibre splint can get satisfactory clinical effect in fixing  mobile anterior teeth.

Abstract:Objective  To study the expression of murine double mimute 2(MDM2) protein in normal ovarian tissue,benign ovarian tumor and epithelial ovarian carcinoma tissue and to clarify the relationship between MDM2 protein and clinical pathological features of epithelial ovarian carcinoma tissue.Methods Surgical resection specimens  were selected,including 20 cases of normal ovarian tissue,20 cases of benign ovarian epithelial tumor and 58 cases of epithelial ovarian carcinoma.The expression of MDM2 protein was detected by immunohistochemical method. Results The expression of MDM2 protein in epithelial ovarian cancer tissue was significantly higher than those in normal ovarian tissue and benign tumor tissue（P＜0.05）.The expression of MDM2 protein was enhanced with the increasing of the surgical stage,but there were no significant differences in different histopathological grades and histological types（P＞0.05）.Conclusion The high expression of MDM2 protein may contribute to the incidence and development of epithelial ovarian carcinoma,and its high expression may predict more aggressive tumor with poor prognosis and easy relapse.

Abstract:Objective To measure the area of macular foveal avascular zone(FAZ) without area vasculosa with APS-B digital fluorescein fundus angiography(FFA) and image analysis system,and provide the  normal morphological data and technique for clinical work.Methods The 49 normal eyes in 37 cases without eye diseases were detected with digital FFA. All objects of the study had clear dioptric media without retinal disease,such as  retinal hemorrhage in center of retina.The  area of  FAZ was calculated with APS-B image analysis system;the difference FAZ areas between yonger age group and older age group was compared,then  the correlationship between age and FAZ area was analyzed. Results The normal  FAZ area   was (0.32±0.09) mm2,and it was (0.23±0.07) mm2 in yonger age group,and the FAZ area in older age group was (0.26±0.11) mm2.There was no significant difference between  two groups(P＞0.05). There was no correlationship between age increasing and macular area (r=0.312,P=0.106),but there were greater differences of FAZ area between individuals.Conclusion The FAZ area obtained with APS-B digital FFA  and image analysis system   doesn’t change with age increasing.

bstract:Objective To investigate the relationships between angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2) and essential hypertension (EH) and heart function,and to clarify the function of ACE2 in the development of hypertension. Methods 113 EH patients were selected as  experiment group(EH group),there were two parts in  EH group: the group of patients who had non-left ventricular systolic dysfunction (non-HF group,65 cases),and the group of patients who had  left ventricular systolic dysfunction (HF group,48 cases).60 cases of healthy people were selected as control group.The levels of ACE2,angiotensin Ⅱ(Ang Ⅱ),atrial natriuretic peptide(ANP) and brain natruretic peptide(BNP) in the serum of 113 EH patients and 60 normal persons were detected by ELISA method. And the Chisquare test,independent-samples t test,ANOVA and stepwise regression analysis were used to analyze those clinic results. Results The levels of ACE2 in non-HF group was significantly lower than those in control group (P<0.05),and the levels of AngⅡ,ANP and BNP were significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05). In addition,when EH came along with heart failure,the levels of ACE2,AngⅡ,ANP and BNP in HF group were statistically higher than those in non-HF group. The multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that the evels of ACE2,AngⅡ,ANP and BNP were positively correlated with the courses of hypertension and the left ventricular end-diastolic diameter(LVDD)(r=0.034,r=8.466,r=1.300,r=2.004,P<0.01;r=0.265,r=5.019,r=4.303,r=2.099,P<0.01);and negatively correlated with the ejection fraction(EF)(r=－0.815，r=－4.077，r=－10.137，r=－13.116，P<0.01). Conclusion During the occurrence of hypertension and heart failure,the activation of renin-angiotensin system(RAS)  together with the expansion of ventricle lead to the rise of the release of AngⅡ,ANP and BNP. As a novel cardiovascular protective factor,the level of release of ACE2 increases in the process of hypertension and heart failure,and counteracts the cardiovascular damage caused by the excessive release of AngⅡ,thus protecting the cardiac vessel.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the clinical features of spinocerebellar ataxiatype 3(SCA3) through the analysis of clinical and genetic characteristics of the patrents with spinocerebellar ataxia type 3(SCA3) in a large Chinese family. Methods The SCA3 patients from one family with 46 family members were selected,the clinical data from 5 patients confirmed by genetic diagnosis were summarized and analyzed retrospectively;meanwhile the  specimens of blood samples of 10 people in the family were selected for genetic diagnosis and  polymerase chain reaction (PCR) specific for the suspected causative gene of SCA3 was performed.The clinical features of this type of disease,and effective diagnosis and typing methods were summarized. Results The  age range of onset was from 17 to 53 years (average 35 years). The duration of disease was 6-17 years,average 11.7 years. The clinical manifestations were complex,and the most common manifestations were uvula and ataxia (4/5),followed by superficial sensory impairment and facial palsy (3/5). In the patient samples numbered 1,2,3,4,and 8,the PCR product of one allele was about 200 bp,whereas that of another allele was about 400 bp. The patient numbered 1, a 7-year-old girl, was found no other signs and symptoms outside uvula offset. Conclusion The  species and subtypes of such genetic diseases are different,the clinical manifestations are complex,the symptoms overlap,and the genetic diagnosis is an effective method.

Objective To study the p18 mRNA expression in esophageal cancer patients and to analyze the relationship between the expression and pathological features of esophageal cancer,and to investigate the function of p18 gene in the growth and metastasis of esophageal cancer. Methods The cancer tissues from  34 esophageal can
cer patients (confirmed by the pathology before  and after surgery) after surgery were selected as  experiment group. The normal tissues adjacent to  cancer tissue from 34 patients and the  endoscopic biopsy tissues form 30 chronic  gastritis  patients were used as  control groups(adjacent normal group and chronic gastritis group).The expression of p18 mRNA was detected by in situ by bridization method,and  the relationship between the p18 mRNA expression and the  size of foci,the degree of invasion depth and lymph node
 metastasis were analyzed. Results Compared with adjacent normal group and chronic gastritis group,the expression of p18 mRNA in esophageal cancer group was increased (P<0.01),while there was no significant  differences between  adjacent normal group and chronic gastritis group(P>0.05);the  expression of p18 mRNA in esophageal cancer tissues was related to the invasive depth,differentiation degree of cancer tissues and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05),which had nothing to do with the foci size (P>0.05). Conclusion p18 gene does not inhibit the growth of esophageal cancer,but inhibits its metastasis. p18 gene shows higher expression in esophageal cancer,which can be considered as a marker for diagnosis of esophageal cancer.

Abstract:Objective To analyze the axillary lymph node metastasis of the different groups of breast cancer patients and  to explore  the opportunity to minimize the armpit circumscription in  early stage patients. Methods 80 breast cancer patients without any  neoadjuvant treatment were selected and treated with  standard modified radical mastectomy and received total axillary lymph node dissection. The lymph node samples were divided into four groups such  as level Ⅰ,level Ⅱ,level Ⅲ and Rotter’s lymph node  groups,then the  pathologic examination was performed. Results There were 55 (63.2%) patients with negative nodes and 32(36.8%) patients with positive nodes in total 87 patients. There was one patient with Rotter’s lymph node skip metastasis in level Ⅰ negative patients.There were 24 patients with 1-3 positive nodes in level Ⅰ group, and  there were 22(91.7%) patients with negative nodes in level Ⅱ group and there was one patient with positive Rotter’s lymph node in levels Ⅰ and Ⅱ groups(8.3% together). 7 patients had more than 3 positive nodes in level Ⅰ group, there were 2(28.6%) patients with negative nodes in level Ⅱ group,one patient (14.3%) with 1-3positive nodes,3 patients(42.9%) with 4-9 positive  nodes,one patient (14.3%) with more than 9 positive  nodes in level Ⅱ group and 4  patients with axillary lymph node metastasis in level Ⅲ group. Conclusion ①It  exists  the feasibility of giving level Ⅰ dissection to the patients with no clinical evidence of lymph node metastasis  and no findings of positive nodes in the procedure of operation. ②The patients with  1-3  positive  nodes in level Ⅰ group should accept a at least level Ⅱ dissection.③The patients with more than 3 positive nodes should accept levelⅡ cirumscription if there is no lymph node metastasis and should accept total armpit sirum soription if there is lymph node metastasis.

Objective  To study the effects of equivalent dose of ephedrine and phenylephrine on the prevention and treatment of post-spinal hypotension during combined spinal epidural anesthesia(CSEA) for  caesarean section,and to observe their influence in neonate and the maternal adverse reactions. Methods  40 pregnant women who had elective cesarean delivery under spinal anesthesia were randomly divided into 100 μg?L-1  phenylephrine group (n=20) and 8 mg?L-1 ephedrine group (n=20),and the blood pressure,heart rate,adverse reactions such as nausea and vomiting, umbilical venous blood gas samples，plasma concentrations of lactate and glucose,Apgar score and NABA score of neonate were recorded. Results The general state,intraoperative adverse reactions of maternal,Apgar score and NABA score after birth had no significant differences between two groups(P>0.05). The systolic blood pressure in ephedrine group after intrathecal injection for 5,10,15 and 20 mins were higher than that in phenylephrine group (P<0.05). In phenylephrine group,the umbilical venous pH,concentrations of lactate and glucose were lower than those in ephedrine group,but there were no significant differences(P>0.05). The frequency of using drugs  in phenylephrine group was higher than that  in ephedrine group,and there were significant differences (P<0.05). Conclusion  Compared with 100 μg phenylephrine,8 mg ephedrine  is also effective and safe to maternal and neonate in the prevention of post-spinal hypotension during CSEA for  caesarean section.

Objective To investigate the clinical application of ECG-gated 256-slice CT angiography for diagnosis of congenital heart disease,and to evaluate the relationship of the image quality and radiation dose between prospective ECG-gated and retrospective ECG-gated cardiac CT angiography (CTA). Methods Sixty patients who doubt congenital heart disease underwent cardiac CTA,and they were randomly divided into two groups. Thirty patients in group A underwent prospective ECG-gated cardiac CTA,and thirty patients in group B underwent retrospective ECG-gated cardiac CTA. Then the homogeneous enhancement of vascular structures,stair-step artifact,overall image quality and radiation dose were evaluated. Results The homogeneous enhancement of vascular structures were 2.8±0.3 and 2.7±0.6,respectively,in two groups;and there was no  statistical significance (P>0.05). The stair-step artifact were 3.0±0.9 and 3.1±0.9, respectively,in two groups;and there was also no  statistical significance (P>0.05). The overall image quality were 3.0±0.8 and 3.1±0.9,respectively,i n two groups;and there was  statistical significance (P>0.05). However,the effective dose were (5.24±0.52） mSv and (16.68±1.49） mSv, respectively, in  two groups;and there was  statistical significance (P<0.001). Conclusion Compared with retrospective ECG-gated cardiac CTA,prospective ECG-gated cardiac CTA can reduce radiation dose about 68.6%,while maintaining the image quality which could be made diagnosis.

Objective To study the clinic value of DTPA renal dynamic imaging in the functional evaluation of infantile hydronephrosis and clarify its applicational value，and lay the foundation for DTPA renal dynamic imaging in  diagnosis and treatment of infantile hydronephrosis.Methods 70 infants with hydronephrosis in our hospital whose mean age was （2.32±2.1） years (rang from 37 d to 6 years) were selected.There were 56 males and 14 females.18 normal infants with mean age (2.66±2.01) years (rang from 41 d to 6 years,15 males and 3 females) were selected as control group during the same period.Technetium-99m-labelled DTPA (^99mTc-DTPA) was taken as agent,and the dose of ^99mTc was 18.5MBq per infant.GE Infinia SPECT was used as imaging equipment.The time-activity curve was generated in the imaging system automatically.The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was detected by DTPA renal dynamic imaging through drawing the region of interest (ROI).Results 83 kidneys were suffered from hydronephrosis diagnosed by B-ultrasound among 70 infant patients,while 104 abnormal kidneys were diagnosed by renal dynamic imaging.The detection rate of renal dysfunction by renal dynamic imaging was higher than that of B-ultrasound (t=7.751,P=0.005).Among 83 kidneys suffered from hydronephrosis diagnosed by B-ultrasound,the continued rising type was 56 cases (67.47%);the parabolic type was cases (7.23%);the high linear extension type was 14 cases (16.87%);and the low linear extension type was 7 cases (8.43%). The GFR value of linear extension type was lower than normal control group,the difference was significant (P<0.05),and the another three types had no significant diffirences compared  with control group.Conclusion For infantile hydronephrosis,DTPA renal dynamicimaging can observe not only the abnormal morphology of kidney,but also the function of split kidney;and it can provide objective basis for  diagnosis and treatment of infantile hydronephrosis.

Objective To evaluate the method for predicting breast cancer pathology response through comparisons between application value of physical examination,ultrasound and mammography in measuring the size of tumor before and after chemotherapy and the results of pathological Miller and Payne(MP) grade.Methods 65 patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy(NAC) in our department were selected.All patients received one to six cycles of TAC (Docetaxel,Doxorubicin and Cyclophosphamide) regimen or other regimen after being diagnosed as breast cancer by mammotomy biopsy.The following operation was undergone within 3 weeks after the last chemotherapy.The tumor sizes of all patients were examined by physical examination,ultrasound and mammography before NAC and before the operation.The pathological responses were evaluated by MP
grading system criteria by comparing the changes of cancer tissues in biopsy tissues before NAC and after the operation.ROC curve and spearman correlation analysis were used for the analysis between the changes of tumor sizes examined by physical examination,ultrasound and mammography and the results of MP grade．Results There was a significant correlation between MP grade and the results of physicalexamination,ultrasound and mammography (r=0.487,P=0.000;r=0.251,P=0.044;r=0.351,P=0.004 ).The area of pathology complete response (pCR)of MP grade 5 under the ROC curve (Az value) was 0.703 for physical examination,0.531 for ultrasound,0.712 for mammography,and 0.727 for combining three techniques.Conclusion Physical examination and mammography are more useful than ultrasound in predicting the pathologic results of NAC.Combining three techniques has  predictive value in  pathology response of  breast cancer after NAC.

Objective To investigate the detectable rates of subclinical hypothyroidism (SH) of children aged 8-10 years,adults aged 18-45 years,breastfeeding women and pregnant women,and analyze the differences of the detectable rates in different people with different levelsof urinary iodine concentrations and immune status in order to provide new indexes for prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency disorders.Methods  A cross-sectional survey was performed in four kinds of 1 999 target people (633 children aged 8-10 years,703 adults aged 18-45 years,334 breastfeeding women and 329 pregnant women) in six different areas in China from the April 2009 to April 2010.The morning blood samples and three urine samples selected randomly of different people were collected and the thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH),free thyroxine(FT4),thyroid microsome antibody(TMAb),thyroid globulin antibody(TGAb) in blood samples and iodine in urine samples were detected.ResultsThe detectable rates of subclinical hypothyroidism of children aged 8-10 years old,adults aged 18-45 years old,breast feeding  women and pregnant women were 10.43%,4.84%,4.19%, and 3.95%,respectively.The detectable rate of SH in children group was significantly higher than that in adults group (P<0.01).There was no significant differences of the detectable rates of SH between children whose urinary iodine were normal and children whose urinary iodine were elevated (P>0.05).The positive rates of  TMAb and TGAb of people with SH were significantly higher than those of people with normal thyroid function(P<0.01).Conclusion The detectable rate of SH  of children aged 8-10 years is higher than those in   other three groups,which indicates that  the index of SH should be used in   routine monitoring of iodine disorder control in  children. 

Objective To investigate the effects of exercise prescription on the  cardiopulmonary function,muscle strength,back pain of women in perimenopausal period and provide basis for scientific exercise of women in perimenopausal period. Methods In the exercise intervention study,women in postmenopausal period (aged 40-60) were divided into exercise group andcontrol group. The indexes of  and cardiovascular performance and muscle strength and back pain were detected at the 3rd and 6th month.The women in exercise group did exercise under the guidance of exercise prescription and the women in control group didn’t do regular exercises.Results The women in exercise group had a significantly greater increase in cardiopulmonary performance after   6-month intervention.The seores of step test were improved significantly during follow-up period in  exercise group（P<0.01）,while there was no significant change  in control group（P> 0.05). The women in exercise group had a substantial improvement in muscular strength of lower limbs,lower back,and forearm（P<0.01).After 6-month intervention,the low back pain was improved significantly in exercise group,while worsened in control group ［(－85.05±77.17)%  vs  (0.26±26.38)%, P<0.01］. Conclusion Exercise prescription can improve the muscle strength,cardiovascular function and ease low back pain of women in perimenopausal period.

Objective To explore the effect of calcium and vitamin D fortified drinking supplementation on the growthdevelopment of bone tissue in children,and to clarify the necessity of nutrients supplementation in childhood. Methods 294 students  (147 males,147 females) in   the grade one and two  in primary school aged between 6-8 years old  were selected and  were randomly divided in to two groups:intervention group(n=174) and control group(n=120).The students in intervention group and control group were from the same school but different classes,who had a similar social and economic background.The students in intervention group drank 250 mL drink every morning;and the students in control group maintained their daily diet without the supplement drinks.The intervention time was one year.After the intervention,the calcium metabolism,bone mineral composition (BMC),bone mineral density (BMD),bone area (BA) and so on were observed before and after  intervention in two groups.Results Before  intervention,the indexes including the calcium metabolism,BMC,BMD,BA and so on had no statistical significances between two groups(P>0.05).After  intervention,the 25-(OH)　 D levels and osteocalcin levels of boys and girls in intervention group were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.05);the total amount of lower limbs and femur,BMC of greater trochanter of femur,BA of femur and BMD of lower limb and greater trochanter of  boys in intervention group were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.05), the BMC of bones of upper limbs and BMD of girls in intervention group were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.05).Conclusion Supplement of drinks fortified with calcium and vitamin D could promote the growth development of children’s bone tissue.