A active anti-rollover control algorithm based on differential bake of front wheel was proposed for hybrid hydraulic hub-motor hybrid heavy truck. First, the linear model with two degrees of freedom of the heavy truck was developed, and the active anti-rollover controller was designed according to linear quadratic optimal principles, which could calculate the optimal yawing moment. Then, the active braking of front wheel was achieved by the secondary component, hydraulic in-wheel pump/motor, which could realize regenerative brake, and the regenerative braking torque controller of the secondary component was designed by feedforward and feedback control. Finally, the system model was constructed on the Trucksim and AMESim platform, and the active anti-rollover control algorithm was built on Matlab/Simulink platform. The co-simulation was conducted on the Matlab/Simulink, Trucksim and AMESim platform to verify the proposed algorithm, in which step steering condition and hooks steering condition were applied. Results show that the vehicle lateral stability can be improved effectively by the active anti-rollover control algorithm, and good fuel economy is obtained by using the secondary component to recover the braking energy of the front wheel.

In this paper, based on the study of vehicle dynamics during turning, the reason that causing extra driving resistance was found. It was proposed that a counter yaw moment can mitigate this extra driving resistance during turning. For a vehicle with independent electric drive for left and right wheels on rear axle, driving power can be reduced by means of proper torque distribution between the left and right wheels. By theoretical analysis and simulation, he optimal torque distribution coefficient of the real axle was obtained by genetic algorithm, by which the vehicle consumes the lowest power during turning without causing instability. This research shows that the vehicle energy consumption can be reduced, and turning maneuverability can be improved by the yaw moment control.

Aiming at dual power Open-winding Permanent Synchronous Motor (OW-PMSM) for electric vehicle, three winding modes, star mode, triangle mode and independent mode, and their implementation methods were proposed. A novel winding mode shifting strategy was put forward on the basis of discussing the working range of each winding mode, in which the torque saturation decision is insensitive to motor parameters. Also a multi-level current hysterisis modulation method was proposed, which could assign the main power source and change it anytime by additional electric levels and their trigger mechanism. Using this method the energy can be distributed between two power sources. The modulation method has two patterns, the low switching frequency pattern and the high power difference pattern, to achieve different energy distribution effects. Simulation results show that, the proposed method can take full advantage of the working range of each winding mode, reduce device loss and improve the effectiveness of the system, and provide theoretical basis and engineering proposal for designing the drive system of electric vehicle with dual power sources.

In order to improve the stability of tank trucks, which can cause serious casualties, economic losses and environmental pollution because of vehicle-liquid coupling, an equivalent sloshing dynamics model of the tank trucks is established. This model consists of 3 DOF vehicle model and the equivalent pendulum model, which represents the movement of the liquid in the tank. Further, the anti-rollover control strategy of the tank trucks based on differential breaking is proposed. The Trucksim/Simulink co-simulation is carried out. Comparison of the state variables of the tank trucks with the same liquid cargo and solid cargo, and selected step condition, proves that the liquid sloshing in the tank influences the motion of the truck. Also it is demonstrated that the anti-rollover strategy is effective by comparing the states of tank trucks with or without control under the step condition and the hook condition.

To improve the performance of decision-making planning for intelligent vehicles, a vehicle motion intention identification strategy is proposed based on the reactive behavior. Analysis and classification are performed for reactive vehicle motion intention, and a Reaction Motion Intention Model (RMIM) is built based on Multi-dimension Gaussian Hidden Markov Process (MGHMP). The experimental data of typical cases are obtained from the vehicle motion intention data acquisition system, and RMIM is trained and identified. The key parameters of the model are optimized using orthogonal test method, and typical cases are selected for measurement and analysis. Test results show that the reaction intention of traffic vehicle can be identified effectively using the proposed identification strategy.

In order to study the 13° impact performance of wheel, a wheel structure design and optimization method were proposed based on fatigue and 13° impact performance. Taking a 16×6 12 J type wheel as the research object, united topology optimization was performed based on dynamic bending fatigue test and dynamic radial fatigue test, and an assembled wheel with a magnesium alloy rim and an aluminum alloy disc was designed. Finite element models of the assembled wheel for 13° impact test were established, and the strain of the wheel under two conditions, where the hammer was facing the spoke and the window, was analyzed, using the material constitutive model of AZ91D magnesium alloy and 6061 aluminum alloy at different strain rates. The relationship between 13° impact performance and wheel structure was studied. The parametric model of the assembled wheel under two conditions was established with twelve design variables defined by using the mesh morphing technology. Multi-objective Optimization (MoO) model was built using Isight software platform where DEP-MeshWorks and LS-DYNA software were integrated. The Optimal Latin Hypercube design and Box-Behnken design were used to fit the RBF network surrogate model and to validate the precision of the surrogate model. Using the established surrogate model, Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-Ⅱ (NSGA-Ⅱ) was adopted to perform the MoO of the wheel, in which the wheel mass and the maximum strain when the hammer was facing the spoke were taken as the objectives and the other strain as the constraint. The Pareto frontier was obtained, and a compromise solution was selected as the optimal design result taking a comprehensive consideration of 13° impact performance of the wheel. The results show that under the condition of satisfying the 13° impact performance of the wheel, the weight of the optimized assembled wheel is 30.65% less than that of the same type cast aluminum alloy wheel.

Based on the Pam-Crash/Safe software, the basic vehicle-dummy finite element model for 25% overlap frontal collision was built. The bending and compression performance expressions of the main energy-absorbing components were simplified. With the restraint of structural intrusion, the total target energy absorption was assigned to the sub-components. Then, the average reactive forces of the sub-components were calculated according to the crush length. Finally, the parameters of cross-sections were designed to satisfy the average reactive forces and energy-absorbing requirements. The results show that the designed frontal structure can satisfy the regulation requirements of the three frontal collision conditions, which include 20% overlap frontal collision. This method not only improves the efficiency of structural optimization, but also realizes "forward design" to a certain degree.

To solve the problem of thermal comfort of passengers, experiment research was conducted in Qionghai, Hainan Province of China, to analyze the rule of thermal load of vehicle seats and the influencing factors. In the experiment, a black domestic car was exposed to extreme hot and humid climate, and the parameters of the thermal environment around the car were recorded. The thermal grid numerical method, which is characterized by high efficiency and accuracy in the analysis of the wall temperature of vehicles, was adopted to analyze the thermal load of the whole vehicle model. The change of heat flux during heat transfer process was analyzed by simulation, and the effects of the thermal properties of vehicle seats, transmittance of the glass window, the parking location and other factors on the surface temperature of the vehicle seats were investigated. The results indicate that, reasonable selections of the thermal properties of the seats, the transmittance of the front windshield and the parking site can effectively reduce the surface temperature of the seats, thus, improving the thermal load condition.

Considering the existing electric wheel structure with rigid connection between in-wheel motor and rim, the longitudinal vibrations of tire and in-wheel motor are revealed based on torque ripple of in-wheel motor and the coupled longitudinal- torsional vibration model of electric wheel system. The analysis of corresponding modes to longitudinal vibration indicates that, the overall vibration performance of the electric wheel system during motor operation range deteriorates due to the separation of two dominant rotational modes. Therefore, structure scheme with elastic connection between in-wheel motor and rim is adopted to deploy modal parameters of the electric wheel system. Comparative analysis shows that elastic connection structure results in lower and closer frequencies of the two dominant rotational modes, thus improving the overall vibration performance. The reasonable connection parameter ranges are determined through impact factors of the tire and in-wheel motor longitudinal vibration, providing reference for structure design of electric wheel for vibration attenuation purpose.

The model of buckling nodes for annular thin plate was developed to explain the deformation of separator discs in multi-disc clutches. The influence of the thickness and radial temperature difference on the buckling of separator discs was studied. Sliding experiments of multi-disc clutch were conducted. The analysis of buckling model and the results of the sliding experiments show that the radial stress caused by radial temperature gradient can lead to buckling deformation of the discs. Separator discs can be buckled while radial stress reaches to the preferred value. Radial thermal stresses caused by temperature gradient can not be ignored. The critical buckling stresses of the separator discs are different for different orders, and the critical buckling load of the lower buckling order is smaller. The buckling critical loads are different under different boundary conditions, and the critical buckling load under the condition simple support on the outside diameter is smaller. The critical radial buckling stress can be enhanced by increasing the disc thickness. The thickness of the separator discs under different boundary conditions are both increased by 1 mm, and the anti-buckling ability of the discs are increased by 125.4% and 125.9%, respectively.

Based on basic social force model, considering the interference of bikes on pedestrian, this paper presents a modified social force model to describe the interactions between bikes and pedestrians. By simulation, the influences of the setting cyclists' path on the number of pedestrians and bicycle accidents and the arrival rate of bicycles were analyzed; and then, the slipstreaming, self-organization and lane-forming of bicycle and pedestrian mixed flow were reproduced, which obeys the observed data. The simulation results show that setting of cyclists' path can effectively alleviate the conflicts of bicycles and pedestrians, and help to reduce the number of potential traffic accidents of pedestrian and bicycle mixed flow, thus, improving the operation efficiency of the mixed traffic flow. Comparison of the simulation results and the observed data proves the effectiveness of the modified model. Besides, conclusions are drawn that with the increase of bicycle traffic, setting the cyclists' path on the crosswalk becomes more beneficial. Furthermore, setting wider cyclists' path according to the bicycle volume can guarantee bicycles to cross the crosswalk with maximum speed. The simulation model enables us to visually represent pedestrian and cyclist collective phenomenon.

To identify travelers with different preferences on using public transit information, the market segmentation was conducted using attitudinal factors. Based on survey data of Nanjing, first the attitude latent variables were determined by factor analysis, and the relationships among the attitude latent variables were analyzed by structural equation modeling. Then, the K-means clustering method was employed to segment the travelers' use of public transit information. Four variables including willingness to use public transit, reliability of public transit information, accessibility of public transit information, and perception toward public transit information were selected as clustering variables to segment the use of public transit information market into five sub-markets. Travelers in the same sub-market have similar travel preferences, while those in different sub-markets have distinct preferences. Differences of the attitudinal factors and characteristics of public transit travel choices in each sub-market were examined, and the policies that serve different sub-markets were proposed to improve public transit information service.

In order to accurately calculate the transverse distribution coefficient of simply supported beam bridge considering the effect of bridge deck pavement, based on the idea of rigid-jointed beam, a new method for calculating the transverse distribution coefficient was proposed, using the methods in structural mechanics. This method is referred as the modified rigid-jointed beam method, in which the effect of shear slip between concrete bridge deck pavement and the main girder was considered. The transverse distribution coefficient of an actual simply supported T-shaped beam bridge was calculated using the proposed method, the deflection of each main girder and the static response such as the strain of the bridge deck pavement under vehicle load were obtained and compared with experimental results. It is shown that the calculated static response is in good agreement with the measured one, which verifies the accuracy and reliability of proposed modified rigid-jointed beam method.

In order to solve road frost damage in seasonal frozen areas, a composite cold resistance layer of extruded polystyrene board (XPS) and silty clay modified by fly ash and crumb rubbers in road subgrade is proposed. Based on numerical thermal analysis with phase change, the temperature field, isothermal characteristics and freezing depth of roadbed, which is respectively replaced by silty clay, new modified soil and composite cold resistance layer, are analyzed and compared. Moreover, cold resistance effect and heat preservation characteristics of the composite cold resistance layer in freeze-thaw cycles are evaluated. The calculated results indicate that single modified soil and combination of XPS and modified soil can both improve the temperature environment and increase the freezing depth of the road significantly, but the cold resistance effect of the combination structure is better, especially in the center and shoulder of the road. The function of the cold resistance layer is to prevent cold erosion during cold period, but it also prevents heat during hot period. Moreover, the effect of the cold resistance layer in cold period is better.

To improve the anti-deformation capacity of bridge structure, prestressed Reactive Powder Concrete (RPC)-Normal Concrete (NC) composite beam is proposed and ten prestressed RPC-NC composite beams and one NC beam were designed. Experiments of the mid-span deflections of the composite beams are conducted and the calculation method of the reflection is proposed. The influence of the degree of prestress, height of RPC and concrete degree of NC are considered in the experiments. The results show that the developing process of the deflection of composite beam can be divided into three stages, the elastic stage before cracking, cracking stage, rapid increasing stage after the yield of reinforcement. The higher the degree of prestress is, the longer the elastic stage is before cracking of the mid-span load-deflection, and the faster the stiffness yield and strength phase fall. The formulas of code for design of concrete structure and code for design for design of reinforced and prestressed concrete structure of railway bridge and culvert are modified based on the testing results. The calculated results by the modified formulas are in good agreement with the testing results.

To study the stability of three-span continuous curved girder bridge with single column pier, the overturning axis critical equation of slightly curved bridge and curved bridge is deduced based on the mechanics principle of structure overturning and the selection principle of the bridge overturning axis. The anti-overturning stabilities of curved bridge under two types of overturning axis are compared. The anti-overturning stability coefficient of three-span continuous curved girder bridge with single column pier was checked and compared with the value calculated from standard formula. Calculation results show that, choosing the connecting line of the bearings of two middle piers as the overturning axis, the check is safer. The anti-overturning stability coefficient of the three-span continuous curved girder bridge with single column pier first decreases and then increases with the increase in the curvature radius. For slightly curved bridge, the theoretical calculated value is greater than the value calculated from the standard formula. For curved bridge, both calculated values are basically identical.

This paper describes the current status and reasons of decease scratch cracking in variable cross section continuous beam bridge and continuous rigid frame bridge and analyzes the current status of the calculation of external prestressed reinforced bridge. The deficiencies in the design calculations of reinforcement by single beam model, plane grillage model and solid model are point out, which leads to practical fine analysis of space grid model. The principle of detailed mesh model is introduced and the grid model of external reinforcement of continuous rigid frame bridge is analyzed. Then, the key longitudinal stresses before and after the reinforcement are compared. By analyzing the normal stress and in-plane principal tensile stress angle, the stress state of each longitudinal beam is improved by the reinforcement. The principal tensile stress is the synthesis of normal stress and shear stress, and the main stress in-plane is actively strengthened, which can reflect the strengthening effect.

To overcome the shortcomings of the design method of composite box girder corrugated steel webs, a spatial grid analysis model and a design method based on “tensile stress region” are proposed. Taking engineering cases, the mesh reinforcement, design reinforcement and standard reinforcement results are compared, and the longitudinal reinforcement trend of key slab in the cross section is described. The results show that the calculation method of reinforcement based on “tensile stress region” can realize the fine reinforcement of in-plane and out-of-plane in the top and bottom plane of the composite beam bridge with corrugated steel web, and verify the accuracy of the grid model in simulating the composite box girder with corrugated steel web. So the spatial grid model and “tensile stress region” design method can provide references to fine design of composite box girder corrugate steel web.

The performance optimization of turbocharged common-rail diesel engine was carried out. Taking the China Stage 4 emission standard and less than 5% fuel consumption deterioration as the as the objectives, five combustion boundary parameters, including injection parameters and Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) rate were set for performance optimization on ESC-B speed 50% load rate. Results show the response surface method can determine the key factors that influence the engine performance. The influence of each factor is highly impacted by the specific performance parameter. The interactions among the key factors or between key and minor factors have greater contribution to the engine performance than the interaction among minor factors. Combined with satisfactory degree function, the optimal performance can be accurately estimated, The NO_x and soot specific emissions are respectively reduced to 3.43 g· (kW·h)^-1 and 0.019 g· (kW·h)^-1, while the fuel consumption is slightly higher compared with the prototype. This response surface methodology can be used for engine performance research and development.

To study the influence of spray strategies on particulate emission, the effect of multi-injection with piezo injector on particulate emission in Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI) engine was studied using Engine Exhaust Particle Size Spectrometer (EEPSS). Experimental results show that, with single injection there are one peak of nucleation mode and two peaks of accumulation mode in particle size distribution. In contrast, with multi-injection, there are two peaks of nucleation mode and one peak of accumulation mode in particle size distribution. Compared with double injection, in triple injection, PN of accumulation mode decreases a lot, and two peaks of nucleation mode increase a bit. Compared with single injection, the total particle number can decrease a lot with appropriate double injection and triple injection, and PN of two modes is also lower. At the same time, double injection can make a big decrease in nucleation mode, while tripe injection results in a big decrease in accumulation mode. Also multi-injection reduces NO_x emission.

In order to reduce the vibration of rigid pin-cycloid speed reducer and improve its operational reliability, a non-rigid pin-cycloid speed reducer with damping mat is designed its nonlinear vibration characteristics are analyzed. Taking into consideration of three internal excitations, including time-varying stiffness, axial error and meshing impact, an eight-degrees of freedom multi-factor coupling dynamic model of the designed pin-cycloid speed reducer is established based on the theory of concentrated parameter, and the vibration differential equations are set up based on Newton second law. Then, the equations are solved by adopting the fourth-order Runge-Kutta algorithm with variable step length. The verticality and the torsion vibration characteristics of the cycloid gear and low speed shaft of the new pin-cycloid speed reducer are compared with that of traditional one. Results show that the verticality and the torsion vibration of the cycloid gear and low speed shaft are reduced by the damping mat. Also the theoretical analysis is verified by measurement data from the test of the new reducer.

To solve the problem of sparse measurement methods under field actual vehicle operation conditions, an integrated test system architecture is developed based on hybrid bus network for armored vehicles. Based on NI CompacRIO development platform, this system can realize data acquiring, transmission, real-time deploying and storage for vehicle dynamic measurement by wire test, wireless test and Controller Area Network (CAN) bus test. Considering the total number, the different sampling frequency and the data size of the vehicle testing signals, a strategy of self-adaptive data flow control is proposed, which is composed of self-adaptive data buffer control strategy and pseudo homogeneous sampling strategy based on highest sampling frequency. Dependent on the PIX platform, the experimental testing environment is established to test the function of the system. The results show that the armored vehicle integrated test system not only works reliably but also meets the testing requirement or armored vehicles.

Based on the need of lightweight and technological requirements, this paper proposes two optimal schemes for dashboard cross beam design, including three segments and five segments. These design schemes can replace the original structure design of uniform thickness. By comparing the simulation results of low order frequencies, vertical bumping, brake force and Passenger Air Bag (PAB) expanding conditions, it is verified that Tailor Rolled Blank (TRB) can reduced can reduce the weight greatly as well as guarantee the performance of the dashboard cross beam. Designers can apply the appropriate TRB scheme to the design of automobile structure with lightweight target.

Based on anatomical configuration of human foot joints, a completely passive walking machine was developed with bionic subtalar joint (the joint axis of the sagittal plane is 45 degrees) and matatarsal phalangeal joint (add toe), realizing stable walking on slope. The optimum height of the walking machine was determined by single factor measurement. The influences of three factors, the height, the distance between two legs and toes or without toes of the walking machine, on the stable walking performance of the walking machine were analyzed by using multi-factor mixed-level orthogonal test design. Within the scope of the study, the distance between two legs played the most significant role on the walking performance (the stable walking distance and walking speed). Compared with the leg distance, with or without toes (metatarsal phalangeal joint) in the foot has a secondary influence on walking speed, while the height of the walking machine has secondary influence on the maximum walking distance.

Al-10Sr master alloy with different states (conventional as-cast state, rapid-solidified state and rolled state) were prepared as modifiers in the experiments, with 0.02 wt.% of Sr. The effects of the size of Al₄Sr phase, modification temperature and holding time on the microstructure of ZL114A alloy were investigated. Results show that the optimized conditions of ZL114A alloy modified by conventional as-cast and rapid-solidified Al-10Sr master alloy were holding 30 min and 15 min at 750 ℃, respectively. The rolled Al-10Sr made modification treatment has significant effect at 720 ℃ for 15 min, as it caused the eutectic silicon to transform into coral-like. The smaller the size of Al₄Sr phase, the better modification efficiency was obtained. Moreover, the smaller size of Al₄Sr and higher melt temperature resulted in the shorter incubation time.

In This paper the influences of three different loading paths on the quality of stretch- forming were studied. Based on the plane strain assumption, the s tress state of Al alloy sheet between multi-point stretch-forming and equidifferent-curvature punch active loading stretch-forming were compared and analyzed. The strain, stress, elongation distribution of the multi-point stretch-forming and the multi-point punch active loading stretch-forming under three different loading conditions were studied by numerical simulation. Results show that, compared with the multi-point stretch-forming, constant velocity punch active loading, isochronous punch active loading and equidifferent-curvature punch active loading can not only reduce the stress concentration in the position between the sheet and jaw, but also improve the uniformity of the distribution of stress, strain and elongation. The results confirm that equidifferent-curvature punch active loading method can achieve the best formability of Al alloy sheet.

A finite element model of adhesive joint of aluminum alloy 5025 sheet surface with or without grooves and Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) was built to evaluate the influence of the grooves on adhesive joint intensity. First, the adhesive joint intentions are compared and analyzed on the aluminum alloy with or without grooves and CFRP, and the effect of the groove depth on the adhesive joint intensity was discussed. The simulation results show that the adhesive joint intensity of aluminum alloy with grooves is better than that of aluminum alloy without grooves. Furthermore, the adhesive joint intensity increases with the groove depth. Then, experiments were carried out, and the results are in good accordance with the simulation results, verifying the simulation method. With the increase in the groove depth, the failure load of the adhesive joints grows continuously, however with further increase in the groove depth, the failure load increases slowly.

To reduce the common rail pressure fluctuation and reduce the workload of experimental calibration of structure parameters for Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI) engine, a structure parameters optimization method of common rail system is proposed based on improved genetic algorithm. First, a model of GDI common rail system, including high-pressure pump, common rail pipe, injector and low-pressure pump, is developed in GT-suite environment. Second, the effects of common rail pipe volume and damping orifice diameter of the rail pressure fluctuation and rise-time are analyzed by dynamics, and the rationality of the model is verified. Finally, a control system of the common rail pressure is designed based on feedforward and feedback. On this basis, an improved genetic algorithm is used to optimize the damping orifice diameter and common rail pipe volume, considering the common rail pressure fluctuation and rise-time as the objective functions. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed optimization method.

Based on the Discrete Event-triggered Communication Scheme (DETCS) and considering actuator saturation constraint, the co-design problem was studied for Network Control System (NCS). Such co-design was between active fault-tolerant control with multi-objective constraints and network communication. First, the NCS active fault-tolerant framework and design concept were proposed by introducing event-trigger to the traditional NCS, namely, the observer of state and fault was driven by equal physical sampling period of the system, and the feedback control was driven by event with communication constraints. Second, the model of non-uniform transmission closed-loop failure system was established dedicatedly, which integrated network attribute, actuator saturation constraint, estimation value of failure, and disturbance information into one uniform framework. Third, the solving method of state and fault estimation with H_∞- performance was proposed based on generated observer. The co-design method between satisfactory failure accommodation and network communication was given for non-uniform transmission NCS. Finally, simulation experiment was conducted to verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method by a four tank benchmark example.

In this paper, we introduce the concept of Semi-trapdoor One-way Function (STOF) to implement the Public Key Cryptosystem (PKC), which is different from the One-way Function. STOF is semi-invertible, so it can be directly used to implement the PKC. For this characteristic we develop a method to construct a PKC based on the STOF. Combined with the difficulty and solvability of the Subset Sum Problem (SSP), we can construct a Semi-supper Increasing Knapsack (SSIK). Based on SSIK a scheme of STOF is designed and realized. ON this basis, we propose two new knapsack public key schemes, STOF_PKC. STOF_PKC belongs to knapsack cryptosystem, thus has the potential to resist quantum attack.

In hybrid wireless Mesh network, routing protocols need to distinguish nodes types and consider communication modes.So this paper proposes a method of routing and channel assignment union optimization in hybrid wireless Mesh network,used Greedy Distributed Spanning Tree Routing is a new geographic routing algorithm that is able to find shorter routing path and save energy.For the node continuously changing over time but not being updatable it in real time,we make channel assignment algorithm to replace collecting Bus directly,a model in which a game with incomplete information is used for estimation purposes,and a competitive ranking is estimated by joint cumulative distribution of the competing nodes.The researching result in this paper can increase the effectiveness and reliability, and play an important role to popularize the Mesh network.

With the increasing number of candidate services that meet the same function on the Internet, service selection becomes more and more difficult, and service recommendation becomes the key issue that needs to be solved urgently. However, the traditional service QoS prediction based recommendation method pays less attention to the role of the service ranking to the recommendation list, which can not accurately reflect the user preference. To solve the above problems, this paper proposes a QoS ranking learning based service recommendation algorithm. It selects low computational complexity listwise loss function to optimize the matrix factorization model, and further improves the accuracy of QoS ranking by mining the neighbor information between users. Experiments on real datasets show that the proposed algorithm has good performance.

A modeling and parameter determining method is proposed based on Bayesian Networks (BN) for electronic throttle susceptibility assessment of Intentional Electromagnetic Interference (IEMI). This method can remedy the deficiencies of susceptibility assessment based on effect test. First, according to the structure of electronic throttle control system, the Fault Tree (FT) model is built. The coupling of the system with IEMI is analyzed using Electromagnetic Topology (EMT). Then, the BN assessment model is built to integrate the FT and EMT, and the probability acquiring of BN nodes is discussed. As data input of assessment model, the susceptibilities of components are tested with pulse voltage injection, and the Electromagnetic Stress (EMS) of the components is simulated using CST CABLE STUDIO. Finally, the electronic throttle susceptibility assessment against High-altitude Electromagnetic Pulse (HEMP) is taken as an example to illustrate the modeling and probability calculation process, which verify the effectiveness of the BN based assessment model.

We present a method to generate the element image based on hexagonal lenslet array. By analyzing the imaging principle of real lens we set up the imaging model first. Then, the pick up process of integral imaging is simulated by virtual camera array and the parameters are set according to the display platform. Finally, the pixel mapping is used to generate the elemental image array. Experimental results show that the hexagonal elemental image array generated by the proposed method has continuous horizontal and vertical parallax, satisfies the mapping between subimage and elemental images and can truly represent the spatial information of 3D objects. The proposed method not only overcomes the problems of pseudoscopic and depth reverse generated by lenslet pick up method, but also avoids the error caused by the optical acquisition equipment. In addition, it can save costs and provides various image sources for integral imaging system.

A novel non-iterative phase noise suppression algorithm utilizing Cyclic Prefix (CP) for linear interpolation is proposed to compensate the interference arisen from the phase noise in Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) systems. The algorithm can make full use of the correlation of the CP and the corresponding sample in the OFDM symbol, and apply the Inter-Symbol-Interference (ISI)-free part of the CP to estimate the phase noise. This scheme requires a small amount of the CP to optimize the interpolation point and increases the interpolation points of linear interpolation in each OFDM symbol. The interpolation estimation of the proposed method is more close to the actual phase noise. The analysis of the simulation results shows that the performance of the bit error rate is more approximate to the ideal curve for small phase noise, and the algorithm can improve 0.8 to 1.8 dB gain of the system performance and effectively reduces the error floor under large phase noise.

To study the downlink performance of a cellular system, this paper establishes a method of combing Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) and location diversity in downlink of multi carrier system. The possible Gaussian interference factors in receiving the composite signals are the keys to express the theoretical conditional Bit Error Rate (BER) in a given set of channel gains. By Gauss properties of the interference, the mathematical expressions of the Multiple Access Interference (MAI), Inter-cellular Interference (ICI), Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR) and BET are given, and Monte Carlo simulation method is provided. The simulation results show that the theory and computer simulation method proposed in this paper are effective and feasible.

C-means Clustering Method (CM) is a widely for data clustering, which is sensitive to the initial cluster centers and easily leads to local optimum. To solve this problem, an Optimal Initialization-based C-means Method (OI-CM) is proposed. First for each point in the dataset, the neighborhood and neighborhood density are calculated, and the point with the maximum neighborhood density is selected as the first cluster center. Then, the point with the maximum neighborhood density from the rest datasets is selected as the next cluster center, whose neighborhood must have little coupling degree with the neighborhoods of existing cluster centers. This procedure is continued until all the cluster centers are selected. Finally, the CM is utilized to cluster the datasets with the selected cluster centers. Experimental results on simulated and UCI datasets show that the proposed OI-CM can effectively solve the sensitivity defect of the traditional CM to initial cluster centers, and has superior performance than other three global CMs.

GPS timing synchronization phasor measurement provides important basis for online analysis of wide-area power signal. Currently discrete Fourier transform method is widely used in synchronization phasor measurement. To eliminate or weaken the measurement error caused by the imprecise synchronous sampling, a high precision synchronous phasor measurement algorithm is proposed. It is based on Compressed Sensing (CS) theory, which modifies discrete Fourier transform to estimate the results. The reconstruction algorithm uses the discrete Fourier transform to rarefy the measuring signal, and takes the Dirichlet matrix as the observation matrix. It also refacors measurement signal with CS refactor algorithm. The simulation results show that, compared with the traditional discrete Fourier transform method, without extending the measurement time, the proposed algorithm can effectively eliminate or weaken the spectrum leakage error and greatly improve the phasor measurement precision of signal.

A traffic sign detection method based on deep attribute learning was proposed. To make up the gap between raw image and high level semantics, three visual attributes, including shape, color and pattern, were introduced. Attribute learning was added to train Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), where attribute learning and classification learning were carried out simultaneously. Experimental results on datasets Sweden Traffic Sign Detection Dataset (STSD) and German Traffic Sign Detection Dataset (GTSD) show that the proposed method can effectively improve the precision and recall in terms of traffic sign detection.

Conventional traffic information acquisition technologies, such as virtual coil and WSN, have small information acquisition range that can not meet the requirement of wide range coordinate traffic. It can take the advantage of wide-area coverage of remote sensing image and meet the need of mass traffic information acquisition if the image information parameters is applied to set up the instantaneous velocity model of vehicle. In this paper, to solve the problem of wide-area traffic information acquisition, a instantaneous velocity model of the vehicle is set up based on the Back Propagation (BP) network and Next Generation Simulation (NGSIM) data by analyzing and determining the input parameters. The effectiveness of the model is validated using the data of similar period. This model differs from the general traffic information acquisition method, that it takes the advantage of wide-area coverage of remote sensing image, providing an effective way to acquire wide-area traffic information.

In this paper, a residential land (3.26 km² approx) in Wuhan is taken as the planning area. Combined with on-site-collected resident trip volume and the matrix of traffic capability with the assistance of traffic simulation software Trans CAD, the equilibrium between traffic generation and attraction is predicted and analyzed, also the matrix of trip volume of the objective year (2020) is built and the traffic assigning parameter is acquired. The development intensity and concentration of units in communities and other factors are also included to conduct visual assessment. Results show that, first, the time spent in open communities is less and the waiting line is shorter than that in gated communities, so the cost will be reduced; and second, there is connection between the planning area and spatial units in communities. Adjacent units are positive correlated that communities near the junction in the southeast are highly aggregated and the resident trip volume is larger, while communities near the junction in the northwest are loosely gathered and resident trip volume is smaller. This means choosing roads in the northwest during peak time in the morning and evening is a feasible way to avoid traffic congestion. Aggregation of communities in the middle area is not obvious.

The ginseng 3-O-UGT1 gene (pg3-O-UGT1) is a key enzyme for controlling the synthesis of protopanaxadiol-group in Panax ginseng. In general, the protopanaxadiol-group ginsenosides have pharmaceutical activities that are opposite those of the protopanaxatriol-group. In this study, the ginseng 3-O-UGT1 gene RNA interference plant expression vector was constructed using Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (TR-PCR) and restriction enzyme digestion connection techniques. Then, a 3-O-UGT1 gene RNAi plant expression vector engineered bacteria was harvested after being transformed into the recombinant expression vectors. This work provides the foundation for the induction of ginseng explants and the mechanism of ginsenosides synthesis.