A hydraulic hub-motor auxiliary system was built to fit the operating conditions of heavy commercial vehicles. In this system, hydraulic components, including hydraulic pump, hub-motors and accumulator, were added on a traditional heavy truck. A off-line simulation platform was built using MATLAB/Simulink and AMESim to test the power performance of pump-motor auxiliary and accumulator-motor auxiliary. Results show that the auxiliary power from the accumulator is suitable for providing assistant driving force for short trips with short time, and the pump-motor auxiliary system could provide constant driving force for longer trips. The work that compares different applicable conditions of the two modes has obvious guiding significance for the development and application of hydraulic hub-motor auxiliary system for heavy trucks.

To meet the requirements of the fast model of bus body structure based on beam elements, a parameterization series-stiffness model is proposed. Taking a typical part of the bus body side as the research object, the accuracy of the shell-solid model is verified be tests. Taking the calculated stress of the shell-solid model as the target stress, the optimum equivalent elastic modulus of the series-stiffness model is obtained by parameter design method. Changing the element size to obtain different optimum equivalent elastic moduli of the series-stiffness model, the relationship curve of element size and the optimum equivalent elastic modulus is established, and the function expression of the curve is determined. Two series-stiffness models of different element sizes are introduced into the whole vehicle model to conduct analysis and comparison. The results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed parameterization series-stiffness model.

Taking the PCR tyre 205/55R16 as the research object, finite element analysis model with complex patterns was established. The volume change behavior of pattern grooves in the contact zone was realized by simulating the tyre rolling process with Abaqus software, which was used as the boundary conditions of tyre pumping noise analysis. On this basis, the flow field characteristics in the pattern grooves were analyzed using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method, and the FW-H equation was applied to calculate the pumping noise of the tyre pattern. By analyzing the pattern deformation characteristics in the contact zone, the evaluation methods of pattern pumping noise and pattern volume deformation rate were determined. The results show that the pattern volume deformation rate can accurately predict pumping noise. On this basis, low noise structure of pattern groove reinforcement ribs was put forward. The pattern stiffness was strengthened and the pattern deformation was decreased by using the reinforcement ribs, and the noise was reduced by 3.68 dB.

To explore Battery Thermal Management (BTM) for Electric Vehicle (EV), a heat exchanger of battery pack is designed using aluminum flat tube bank and flexible graphite. The investigation focuses on the thermal characteristics of the battery pack in the BTM process, such as the temperature variation and temperature uniformity of the battery pack and cell surface etc. The computation results show that, without flexible graphite, the heat exchange of flat tube banks in battery pack and flat tubes on cell surface present better consistency, but the temperature difference is larger for different measure points in the same battery cell. In addition, the battery cooling speed rises obviously, and the temperature uniformity of cell surface is significantly improved. The results indicate that the battery pack obtains well cooling effect, and it also realizes further lightweight compared with full-contact liquid cooling plate.

Under the premise of the existing PCM hardware structure not be changed, in order to save hardware cost in OBD development process, and to improve aging stability, a new method of oxygen sensor aging with software algorithm is proposed to replace traditional aging method with specialized hardware simulation device. The aging algorithm structure is built, and specific algorithm is designed to identify signal switching edge. Aging intervention and exit times are chosen rationally, and first order inertial filter algorithm is used in aging process. The test results show that the proposed aging algorithm can produce almost the same aged signal as specialized hardware device, satisfying China V OBD regulation requirement.

To balance directional distribution of traffic flow and ensure the smooth transition of control scenario, an optimization model of time-space resource allocation at an intersection with reversible approach lanes and a coordinated control method for a reversible approach lane and corresponding signal group are proposed. To validate the effectiveness of the optimization model and control method, a case study is carried out to analyze the control scenarios with reversible approach lanes and with fixed approach lanes. The software MATLAB, traffic simulation software VISSIM and the signal control logic tool VisVAP are used in this study. Results show that, comparing to the control scenario with fixed approach lane, the average delay can be reduced by 3% ~ 50% and 7% ~ 15% for the approach with reversible lane and the entire intersection, respectively. The achievements indicate that the proposed optimization model can satisfy the tidal traffic demands at intersections and the control method can guarantee the safe and steady traffic flow operation.

Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) analysis method was used to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of expressway, the opportunities and threats faced by the rapid development of expressway. Then the development strategies and measures of urban rapid transportation were proposed, and the qualitative evaluation of SWOT elements and strategic measures was carried out using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method to make the choice and decision. Mathematical description of the SWOT-AHP model and mathematical expressions of relevant definitions were given. The model was analyzed and calculated, the flow chart of strategic decision and flexible ideas of solution were obtained. A case study of the development planning of Wuhan expressway was carried out. Results show that the proposed method is feasible, which combines the advantages of SWOT method and AHP method, and can used in decision-making of the development planning of urban rapid transportation.

The integrated transport corridor of urban agglomeration is analyzed and modeled from two aspects, the decision-making department of the construction and management, and the individual corridor users. The decision-making department must consider the investment cost, ecological environment, natural resources, energy consumption, economical development, political and national defense as well as construction of the appropriate advance, with the goal to maximize the social benefits of the corridor. The individuals are concerned with the least cost in a broader sense. Considering the concerns of the two aspects, a bi-level programming model is proposed to solve the problem using the improved hybrid coding and Multi-Population Genetic (MPG) algorithm. A case study of Chang-Ji-Tu region is conducted to verify the proposed model. The optimal results are basically in accordance with the development path of these cities in the region, indicating that the proposed model has reference significance.

A practical, intelligent and accurate railway emergency rescue management program searching support method is proposed, which employs the improved distance entropy MULTIMOORA method. First, the intervals are used to describe the fuzzy and uncertain case information. After extracting the characteristic attributes, an improved distance entropy method with fuzzy information is proposed. Then, the high-robustness MULTIMOORA program searching method is applied to the railway emergency rescue program searching inference. A specific case study is used to explain the application of the proposed method. Results show that the improved distance entropy MULTIMOORA method is effective and accurate in solving the railway emergency rescue program searching problem.

Research about the location of neutral point of negative friction in pile foundation when silty clay is backfilled is carried out at T2 terminal of Longjia Airport, Changchun. Soil settlement observation, bearing capacity test of pile foundation and numerical simulation are adopted in the research. By observation and experiment, the accumulative settlement of backfill, the relation curve and fitting formula between the soil filling load and time and the Q-S curve of a single pile, the effects of soil depth on the internal force of pile body and on the pile side negative skin friction are obtained. Finite element software, Midas, is applied to compute the settlement deformation of the pile foundation. The actually measured pile side friction is used to simulate the interaction between the pile and surrounding soil. In the experiments, the pile bottom layer soil is simulated by elastic support, and the stiffness of the spring is calculated by “m” method. The residual settlement around the pile under different consolidation time is calculated by modified Takagi Shunsuke method. The negative skin friction neutral points under different consolidation times are located by comparative analysis of the results of theoretical calculation and field experiment. Then, the settlement correction coefficient of the foundation soil in this kind of field is modified.

Reinforced retaining wall has been widely used in highway construction, however, the vertical settlement, cross cracks of the pavement and outward-dipping deformation and other defects have occurred. These defects can even lead to partial collapse that impacts the traffic. Based on the defect survey of the reinforced retaining wall in Harbin City, the main forms of the defects are summarized. A section of road with typical defects is selected as an example to investigate the influences of fill properties, fill voids, ribbon fracture, seepage, traffic load and other factors on the horizontal deflection and the axial force using finite element software MIDAS-GTS NX. The causes of the defects of the reinforces retaining wall are systematically analyzed. Results show that the defects of the retaining wall are caused by the integrated actions of soil pressure, traffic load, pavement seepage and many other factors. The values of C and φ of the fill are the sensitive factors of the horizontal displacement of retaining wall. The pavement crack and seepage lead to the moisture increase, resulting in the decreases in C and φ, which is the factor of the outward-dipping deformation. Ribbon fracture, fill void and traffic load are important factors that lead to horizontal deformation of the retaining wall. This study may provide reference for the maintenance and strengthening of reinforced retaining walls.

In order to reduce pressure jump and impact in sealed cavity of double-stator single-action vane pump, the influence of the pre-pressurizing groove on the distribution of the pressure variation in sealed cavity under three working conditions is investigated by MATLAB simulation. The results show that the valve plate with pre-pressurizing damping groove can effectively improve the sealed cavity pressure mutation and the shock phenomenon. Compared with excluded leakage, considering the leakage of the friction of sealed cavity allows the pressure rises more gently, and has little effect on pre-pressurizing efficiency. When the inside and outside pumps work jointly, the sealed cavity pre-pressurizing pressure and pressure variation rate exceed that when the pumps work individually. Therefore, when designing the damping groove, the pre-pressurizing requirement should be satisfied first as the two pumps work individually, then, coupling optimization of the parameters of the damping groove should be done as the two pumps work jointly.

In order to controllably prepare gold nanoparticles with uniform size and good morphology, a synthesis method based on Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) is proposed. The controllable microfluidic system based on SAW is used to perturb the synthesizing process and realize the controlled synthesis of gold nanoparticles. The parameters of the Interdigital Transducers (IDTs) are designed and the number of IDTs is optimized by MATLAB. Afterward, the controllable microfluidic system based on SAW is designed and manufactured. The experiments under different voltages are carried out to analyze the influence of voltage on the experiment results. Results show that the gold nanoparticles with different concentrations, morphologies and monodisperses can be synthesized under different loading voltages, which further verifies the controllability and feasibility of the proposed synthesis method.

The landing dynamics of the carrier helicopter on complex deck was studied. First, the random uncertainty of sea wave signal was considered, and the mathematical model of the sea wave signals was proposed according to the wave theory. The statistic characteristics of the sea wave were described by the way of sea wave spectrum. The irregular approximate progressing waves were simulated on MATLAB simulation platform, and the spectral estimation of the sea waves was conducted. Then, the landing dynamic model of the fuselage was established based on Lagrange equation. Finally, the dynamics simulation of the carrier helicopter on the complex deck was carried out and the Runge-Kutta method was used for the real-time calculation of the dynamic model.

The static contact characteristic of the angular contact ball bearing is analyzed and the influence mechanism of load is studied when the bearing is under combined loads. The solution of the loads and contact angles is put forward in combination with Hertz contact theory. The finite element model is established in ANSYS. The distribution and transformation law of the contact parameters under combined loads are explored. The simulation results are consistent with theoretical values. It is revealed that the model and boundary conditions are correct and rational. The changes of contact stress, contact strain, contact angle and contact ellipse are investigated. This study may provide engineering analysis reference for the design and application of rolling bearing under complex loading conditions.

To solve the problems of transmission precision reduction caused by large meshing backslash and tooth profile interference caused by axial coning in the design of involute tooth profile of harmonic drive, a tooth profile new design method of harmonic drive based on rack approximation method was presented. The method considers the actual meshing situation and takes advantage of rack approximation design to design and correct the approximate tooth profile based on the actual movement route of flexspline relative to circular spline. The flexspline coning caused by assembly deformation is also considered to design the spatial tooth profile of flexspline at sections other than the main section. Results show that the tooth profile of harmonic drive designed by the proposed method has very small backslash and very wide-range meshing. Non-interfering engagement at arbitrary section can be achieved under no-load condition by changing the thickness of the tooth bottom rim of flexspline based on linear relationship.

A simulation model of oil film of hollow shaft hydrostatic bearing is established. Simulations are carried out to analyze the effects of the oil cavity angle, deflection angle and oil cavity width on the bearing capacity and hydraulic power consumption of the hydrostatic bearing. The bearing capacity and hydraulic power consumption of a large-scale ball mill with motor power of 8000 kW are taken as the optimization objects. The constraint conditions are the minimum load provided by the hydrostatic bearing and the allowable stress of the bearing bush. A multi-objective optimization design method of the hydrostatic bearing is proposed based on the radial basis function(RBF) surrogate model and the multi-objective Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm. The Pareto optimal solution set is obtained, and the optimal compromise solution is selected using TOPSIS method based on grey relational degree. Optimization results show that the optimized capacity of the hydrostatic bearing is increased by 2.99%, the hydraulic power consumption is reduced by 3.87%, and the weight of the working medium in the shell of the ball mill is reduced by 8.74%.

The types of heavy-duty parallel mechanisms are not sufficient for industrial applications. A two degree of freedom (2DOF) heavy-duty parallel mechanism with actuation redundancy is proposed. The kinematics of the mechanism is analyzed and the dynamic model is derived using the principle of virtual work. The driving force is optimized based on the force optimization method. An evaluation method of the acceleration is given. The acceleration of the redundantly actuated parallel mechanism is compared with its corresponding non-redundant parallel mechanism. It is proved that the proposed parallel mechanism is useful for industry and the acceleration evaluation index is also helpful for the acceleration evaluation of other parallel mechanisms.

Traditional Piezoelectric Energy Harvester (PEH) has high natural frequency and low electromechanical conversion efficiency. To overcome this problem a corrugate two-degree-of-freedom (2DOF) PEH is proposed. The energy harvesting characteristics are analyzed using theoretical modeling and numerical simulation. Results show that compared to 1DOF PEH and traditional 2DOF PEH, corrugate 2DOF PEH can achieve fifth order of resonance frequency in the range of 0 to 60 Hz. The fourth resonance frequency of the corrugate 2DOF PEH is 45.92 Hz, which is 419.9 Hz lower than that of 1DOF PEH, and 55.1 Hz lower than that of traditional 2DOF PEH. Meanwhile, the output voltage of the corrugate 2DOF PEH can be controlled as high as 28 V in the same condition, which is the highest voltage among the three harvesters.

The sub-structures of drill bit are defined based on the function, and the optimization of the chip removing structure is taken as the key of shape-configuring design of the drill bit. A new drill shape-configuring design with spherical base and spiral blade is proposed. Experimental results show that the pay load of drill bit with the new chip removing structure is only 30% ~ 40% of the other typical drill bit forms. The gravels removing mechanism is studied using Discrete Element Method (DEM), and the results show that the new drill bit structure is more adaptable.

When standard analog component video test signal is employed to calibrate video signal analysis instrument, the measurement results are insufficient. To solve this problem, first, the measurement principle of analog component video signal was analyzed. Then, based on the SDP2000 signal editing software and TG700 video signal generator, analog component video test signal with distortion was developed. A standard video signal source was set up, whose voltage level and rise time were calibrated and the measurement uncertainty was analyzed. Results show that the expended uncertainty of voltage level is 0.60% and the expended uncertainty of rise time is 0.19% (coverage factor k=2). Such standard source is able to generate standard definition and high definition analog component video test signal with distortion, which can be used to calibrate video signal analysis instrument to obtain various results and evaluate the measurement accuracy of the instrument more comprehensively.

The stretch bending process of a new U-section stainless steel profile with wide flange was investigated by simulation. The causes and corresponding control methods of the main forming defects were studied, and the conclusions were verified by tests. Results show that the main forming defects are the section distortions and low contour accuracy. The section distortions include bottom surface upwarping, sidewall bending, flange warping and section expanding or contracting. The section distortions in the narrow flange side are more serious than that in the wide flange side. The section distortions are mainly caused by the shrinkage of the sidewall during stretch bending, which can be eliminated effectively by reasonable compensation of the profile sidewall height. The low contour accuracy is mainly due to springback, which can be improved to certain extent by adjusting the process parameters, while to modify the die surface based the springback can obviously improve the contour accuracy. Based on the above analyses, defect control methods were proposed and stretch bending tests of a U-section stainless steel pillar with wide flange on a rail vehicle were conducted. Qualified stretch bent parts were achieved, which verify proposed control methods.

Fine W powder layer was pre-coated on the surface of Al substrate, then the surface was treated by High Current Pulsed Electron Beam (HCPEB) to obtain Al-W alloy. The microstructure of the alloy layer was analyzed in detail using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Optical Microscope (OM), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). Experiment results show that the alloyed surface layer was formed with HCPEB irradiation. The alloyed layer is mainly composed of melting layer and solid diffusion layer with thickness about 15μm. The main phases of the alloyed layer are W and Al-W intermetallic compound. The surface hardness of the HCPEB treated samples was significantly improved. In addition, the electrochemical experiments show much better corrosion resistance of surface alloyed samples.

To study and measure the drag-reduction performance of bionic functional surfaces with internal flow, a testing system based on differential pressure measurement was designed. Considering the characteristics of the internal flow, the test section is replacable to adapt to the flow field wall with different thickness. The data acquisition, processing and control system was designed based on programmable logic controller. The system precision was analyzed and the mean square errors of different flow velocities were calculated. The elastic silicone rubber and elastic thermal conductive bionic surface was tested using this system. The system can provide a high accuracy analysis and test platform for the study of drag-reduction performance of various bionic functional surfaces with internal flow.

In corn stubble harvesting, in order to solve the difficulty of corn stubble picking-up, a new corn stubble collector was designed. First, the kinematics of the stubble picking-up process was carried out. Then, the picking-up finger was designed. Further, reverse engineering method was employed to examine the contour of the surface of Patinopecten yessoensis as a bionic model. The cloud points of the contour to the ridges on the surface were fitted. The bionic ribbed surface of the picking-up finger was designed with a sinusoidal function y = 1.5·sin(πx/4) to present the ribbed contour, where x ranges from 0 to 4. For three different bionic corn stubble collectors, finite element software ANSYS was used to investigate the effects of friction coefficient between the picking-up finger and corn stubble, and the picking-up location on the performance of the collectors. Results show that the bionic ribbed surface of the picking-up finger contributes to the increase of the friction between the finger and the corn stubble, which enhances the corn stubble picking-up effect. Lower picking-up position benefits the corn stubble picking-up process.

The impact effect emerged during the touch down process of space lander may influence the safety of detection equipment and the reliability of the exploration mission. The effects of soil type and compactness, footpad diameter and impact height on the impact performance of the footpad, including impact depth, peak acceleration and force are investigated. Results show that the soil type and compactness have the maximal influence on the impact depth, followed by footpad diameter, then the impact height. The model of peak impact force was established, and the square of correlation coefficient R2 was above 0.9, which verifies that the proposed model can accurately predict the footpad peak impact force.

An experiment method is developed to investigate the low-cycle fatigue fracture behavior of nano-material interface. Focused Ion Beam (FIB) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) are used in the experiments. With FIB, a nano-cantilever specimen consisting of a copper (Cu) layer of 200-nm-thick and a silicon nitride (SiN) layer of 1000-nm-thick on a silicon (Si) substrate is fabricated from a macroscale multi-layered material (Si/Cu/SiN). Using a minute loading apparatus, the cyclic loading experiment is conducted in TEM, and the low-cycle fatigue fracture of Cu/Si interface in different specimens is in situ observed. The fatigue strength of Cu/Si interface is around GPa level owing to the high yield stress of the Cu nano-film and the deformation constraint associated with the neighboring hard materials. The S-N curve shows clear dependence of fatigue life on the applied stress in the high stress range and the existence of a fatigue threshold at low stress range. Moreover, the high ratio of fatigue limit to the fracture stress in a monotonic loading suggests the brittle behavior of the interface in nanoscale materials.

First,the start-stop operation mechanism of hybrid vehicle is analyzed, and an AMESim simulation model is established, which can reflect the transient dynamics of the start-stop process. Second, according to the working principle of the engine start-stop system, the start-stop control problem is described as a speed tracking problem, and a simplified control-oriented model of the engine and motor coupling is proposed. Third, based on the nonlinear characteristics of the system, a nonlinear triple-step controller is designed, and the robust stability of the closed-loop system is analyzed using the input to state stability theory. Finally, the effectiveness and robustness of the triple-step controller is tested by co-simulation with AMESim and MATLAB/Simulink. Results show that the proposed control system can achieve fast and smooth start-stop of the engine.

In order to improve the noise immunity of airborne optoelectronic stabilization platform and save cost, high-gain acceleration feedback by utilizing the tracking differentiator is studied based on current feedback, speed feedback and position feedback on a traditional platform. Compared with the traditional differential acceleration feedback system, the acceleration feedback system based on the tracking differentiator reduces the sensitivity to noise interference. The stabilization platform is tested with one degree, 0~2.5 Hz sinusoidal interference on a flight simulator. Results show that, compared with the traditional speed platform feedback system, the acceleration feedback system based on the tracking differentiator can reduce the overshoot by 4.9%, increase LOS stabilization accuracy at least by 63.4% and improve the transition process of the platform greatly. Besides, the servo system has simple structure, better generality and higher practical value.

For a class of chaotic system without equilibrium point, its solution series is obtained by the Fractional Differential Transformation Method (FDTM). Then, the Kaplan-Yorke dimension and the dissipativity of the system are investigated. The Lyapunov characteristic exponents are calculated based on the discrete map of the system through QR factorization algorithm, and the largest Lyapunov characteristic exponent is applied to judge whether the system keeps chaos or not. Finally, a full state based adaptive controller for the fractional order chaotic system is designed, which allows the states of the system to track the desired constant. The feasibility of the proposed algorithm is verified by numerical simulation.

In this paper, a new method is proposed to control large time delay systems. First, the large lag time is transformed into small lag time through the decreasing time delay theory. Then, auto-disturbance rejection control theory is used in the transformed object to improve the performance of the system. The method can be used to solve the problem that traditional PID with Smith control method can not achieve better control effect on the inaccurate object model. The method also overcomes the shortcoming that the single auto-disturbance rejection controller has a long setting time. The control effect of this method is compared with the traditional PID with Smith control method and the single active disturbance rejection control method. Simulation results show that this method can achieve a better control effect for large time delay systems. It can effectively improve the dynamic performance and robustness of the system.

Oriented Point Algebra (OPRA) is one of hot topics in qualitative spatial reasoning. Previous researches were mainly focused on spatial reasoning with at most three static objects. However, many scenarios involve more objects and the scenarios may be dynamic. To deal with these problems, the spatio-temporal reasoning of OPRA direction relation network is defined, which is a dynamic reasoning framework for large number of objects. The constraint propagation theory is used to handle the problem of large number, and the conceptual neighborhoods theory is used to handle the dynamic reasoning. An algorithm is proposed to fuse the two issues, which is a solution for the OPRA reasoning problem of n dynamic objects. The method can used in robot navigation, unmanned aerial vehicle navigation, ship navigation and battlefield analysis and so on.

A multi-level image sequences and convolutional neural networks human action recognition method is proposed. First, a four-level image sequence structure is constructed, which is able to obtain richer information of human actions. Then the four-level image sequences are processed by convolutional neural networks. This structure is able to use appearance, motion, foreground and background information more sufficiently. Besides, a decomposition method of video sequence is proposed, which is able to acquire more detailed human activity information. This method decomposes each level sequence into sub-sequences, and represents actions from coarse to fine, thus, achieving more representative human activity features. The efficiency of the proposed method is verified by two challenging human action databases. The experiment results show that the proposed method improves the action recognition accuracy efficiently.

For Just-in-Time (JIT) part distribution problem in Mixed-Model Assembly Lines (MMALs), an integrated vehicle filling and routing scheduling model is presented with consideration of loading capacities and no sock-outs constraints of assembly lines. First, a scheduling problem domain is described and then the mathematical programming model is developed with an objective to minimize the maximum weighted inventory level in all stations and production cycles. Second, the backtracking method is established to optimally solve small-scale instances based on two properties of the proposed scheduling model. Third, a Modified Discrete Artificial Bee Colony (MDABC) algorithm is introduced to cope with the exploding search space of medium- and large-scale instances. Both local search and differential evolution operations are employed for neighbor search, which improves the convergence performance of the modified metaheuristic effectively. Finally, simulations are carried out and the experiment results verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed JIT distribution model and methods.

The aim of this paper is to propose a method based ECP Metamorphic Relation (ECPMR) to test compilers. First, we select some correct programs with specific metamorphic relations as inputs of the under-test compiler. Then, we use these selected programs to generate program slices. Finally, we check whether the outputs of these program slices satisfy the ECPMR to find bugs in the compiler. Our proposed method is verified through experimental study on SNL compiler and the results show that this method is effective to detect bugs in SNL compiler.

Since time factor is not considered in calculating score matrix in traditional collaborative filtering, the accuracy for recommendation is limited. In order to solve this problem, we propose a method, which integrates the time factor into the user score matrix. In this method, first the forgetting curve and the memory period are incorporated into the algorithm as the time factor. Then Ebbinghaus forgetting curve is fitted with potential function. This way can get more correct correlation function between time and interest decay. Finally all the results are imported into the user score matrix, and then the matrix is applied in collaborative filtering recommendation algorithm. The factors, which add the memory cycle to the score, make the target user predict the predicted project score more accurately. The experiments show that the results obtained with the proposed method are much more accurate than that of the original one.

A decomposition method of the extended C-Tree based on the increment LMA (ILMA) algorithm was proposed. The method decomposes a geometric constraint system into an extended C-Tree. In comparison with the C-Tree decomposition method, the proposed method can ensure that an extended C-Tree is inevitably the maximum decomposition of the geometric constraint system when constructing it in any way of assembling geometric constraints. Research results show that the proposed method is effective when it is applied to GCS.

In order to solve the low robustness of copy-move forgery detection with illumination change, a novel method based on Mixed Intensity Order Pattern (MIOP) was proposed. First, the Difference of Gaussian (DOP) regions of the image to be detected are extracted. Second, the regions are described using MIOP. Third, the features are matched and the false matching is removed by RANdom SAmple Consensus (RANSAC). Finally, the copy-move forgery regions are detected. Experimental results show that the proposed method not only has high accuracy on geometric transformation and illumination change, but also has high robustness on post-processing operations, such as Gaussian blur, noise and JPEG recompression.

The current modeling assumption may induce background distortion. To solve this problem, a new background model based on data-driven theory is proposed. Model-free adaptive control method is used to express the value of the online video sequence. The slow process of background illumination change is regarded as a nonlinear time-varying system, and is expressed via dynamic linearization using pseudo-gradient vector. Then, the expression is iterated with the combination of historical data and selective background update method to complete the background model iteration process. Experiments are carried out based on different video cases. Results show that the model can get better foreground and more stable background than Kalman filter and Gaussian-mixture model. Furthermore, the data-driven method of the proposed model overcomes the disadvantages of the mechanism models, and its computational efficiency and robustness make it applicable to online video processing and detection of moving objects.

An estimation of the number of signals based on Otsu class variance with shift covariance matrix is proposed for array signal processing. The eigenvalues of the shift covariance matrix derived by noise are expected to be zero even with stable noise, so the eigenvalues derived by signal power are obviously smaller than those derived by noise, which is an advantage for signal number estimation. When class variance, which is used for classification in many problems, is applied to estimate the signal number, Otsu class variance can efficiently distinguish the eigenvalues derived by noise and by signal power. Combining the shift covariance matrix and Otsu class variance, an efficient method is obtained to estimate the signal number in array signal processing. Theoretical analysis and simulation experiments show that the performance of the proposed method is better than that of traditional method.

The ranging accuracy of an ultrasonic ranging system depends on how to extract the time of flight of ultrasonic pulse exactly. Therefore, the de-noising method for ultrasonic receiving signals plays an important role in high precise ultrasonic ranging system. Traditional de-noising methods can not automatically adjust their de-noising threshold and wavelet layers due to the fixed model, which limits their use in different environment. In order to improve the efficiency of the de-noising method for ultrasonic receiving signals, a self-adaptive wavelet de-noising method is proposed. This method can automatically choose the optimal wavelet parameters through real-timely extracting the characteristics of the noise in received signals. Then, the time of flight measurement accuracy can significantly increased by improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the ultrasonic received signals. Verification experiments show that the measurement error is less than 0.28 mm in indoor environment, which meets most of distance measurement requirement for industrial manufacturing.

Spectral clustering based on the similarity while the structure of similarity matrix is complex in image segmentation. The calculation of spectral clustering can be very time-consuming, especially in the process of Eigen-decomposition for Laplacian matrix. Sparse matrix could obtain the approximate solution of the similarity matrix by sing a small amount of sample information, thus, reducing the computational complexity effectively. An image segmentation algorithm based on the sparse matrix is proposed. First, error analysis of the spectral clustering is carried out in different scales. Then, a novel sampling method is presented. The sample information is used to create a sparse matrix, which can be used to substitute the similarity matrix. Typical experiment results and theoretical analysis show that the proposed algorithm can effectively reduce the complexity in calculating spectral clustering and improve the accuracy and robustness of the segmentation.

An elemental image generation method based on Maya is proposed. According to the parameters of the display platform the method can generate any size of the elemental images for different lenslet arrays. It overcomes the inversion and crosstalk of the ideal integral imaging system without complex optical calibration. The presented method can produce various image sources for the research of integral imaging system and promote the theoretical study. Experiments verify the correctness of the proposed method from three aspects: the relationship between the sub-image and the element image, real and virtual reproduction of the stereoscopic image.

To make full use of the scare spectrum resources shared by marine mammals and underwater acoustic sensor networks,a new marine mammal-friendly spectrum allocation algorithm in cognitive acoustic networks is proposed. First,the marine mammals are considered as the primary user and the sensor node is used as the secondary user.Then,the communication mechanism of the mammal-friendly cognitive acoustic networks is proposed.The utility function is established with the goal of maximizing the system capacity of the secondary user.Third, the secondary user's transmission power and channel allocation are solved by the Lagrange multiplier method combined with power control and channel allocation technique. Finally,the marine mammal-friendly cognitive acoustic network spectrum allocation mechanism and algorithm are designed,which can achieve the channel sharing of the primary user and the secondary user,as well as maximizing the spectrum efficiency.Simulation results show that the marine mammal-friendly cognitive acoustic spectrum allocation algorithm not only can avoid interference between the sensor nodes and the marine mammals, but also the bandwidth efficiency and system capacity are improved by 37.4% and 34.3% respectively.